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191.
192.
Jiong Jack Chen 《Tetrahedron letters》2003,44(17):3459-3462
Substituted anilines and vinyl sulfone undergo a facile double Michael addition to form substituted phenylthiomorpholine dioxide, catalyzed with AlCl3 or H3PO4. Scope and conditions were explored. 相似文献
193.
Takashi Tozawa Dr. Hitoshi Nagao Yoshinobu Yamane Teruaki Mukaiyama Prof. Dr. 《化学:亚洲杂志》2007,2(1):123-134
Chiral quaternary ammonium phenoxides were readily prepared from commercially available cinchona alkaloids and proved to be useful new asymmetric organocatalysts. Among various chiral quaternary ammonium phenoxides, a cinchonidine‐derived catalyst that bears both a sterically hindered N1‐9‐anthracenylmethyl group and a strongly electron withdrawing 9‐O‐3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl group were found to be highly effective for the Michael addition of ketene silyl acetals (derived from phenyl carboxylates) and α,β‐unsaturated ketones followed by lactonization. Optically active 3,4‐dihydropyran‐2‐one derivatives were obtained in high yields with excellent control of enantio‐ and diastereoselectivity. This catalyst can be handled in air and stored at room temperature in a sealed bottle without decomposition for at least one month. 相似文献
194.
The selenenylation of racemic and optically active α-phosphoryl sulfoxides is a key step leading efficiently to α-phosphorylvinyl sulfoxides or α-phosphorylvinyl selenides depending on the reaction conditions. Oxidation of α-phosphorylvinyl selenides and subsequent thermolysis of selenoxides afford alkynylphosphonates. Studies of the stereochemical course of nucleophilic addition to α-phosphoryl sulfoxides show high facial stereoselectivity of the reaction, however, epimerisation at the α-carbon atom leads to mixtures of diastereomers. 相似文献
195.
Valentine G. Nenajdenko Sergey V. Druzhinin Elizabeth S. Balenkova 《Tetrahedron letters》2005,46(51):8853-8855
Reactions of α,β-unsaturated CF3-ketones with nitromethane and ethyl nitroacetate have been investigated. We found that α,β-unsaturated trifluoromethylketones react with ethyl nitroacetate in the presence of calcinated potassium fluoride to form two classes of 1,4-conjugated addition products: CF3-γ-nitroketones and 6,6,6-trifluoro-2-nitro-5-oxohexanoates in nearly quantitative yields. The products obtained are precursors for CF3-pyrrolidine synthesis. 相似文献
196.
Guoyi Bai Chenfang Zhang Yuecheng Zhang Haijun Yu Fei He Huisen Ning Ligong Chen 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2007,90(2):373-380
The racemization of R-(-)-2-amino-1-butanol in a reaction using Co/γ-Al2O3 catalysts and catalysts modified by Mg or Ca was investigated in this paper. Complete racemization was achieved with a yield
of over 83% at using the Mg modified Co/γ-Al2O3 catalyst under optimized reaction conditions of 170°C and 2.5 MPa of H2. The catalysts were thoroughly characterized by XRD, XPS, TPR, SEM and TEM. The addition of Mg and Ca may be advantageous
for dispersing and stabilizing the active species of the Co/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, protecting from sintering, significantly improving its catalytic activity and stability. 相似文献
197.
Francesca Giuntini 《Tetrahedron》2005,61(44):10454-10461
A simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of porphyrins bearing 1,3-dicarbonyl moieties at the β-position is described. The new compounds were further functionalized and new derivatives containing an heterocyclic ring, an ethyl acetate residue or a 2-oxopropyl group at the β-position have been obtained. 相似文献
198.
G. D. Kolomnikova D. Yu. Prikhodchenko P. V. Petrovskii Yu. G. Gololobov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1992,41(8):1497-1499
-Cyanoacrylic acid and -cyanoacrylates add dialkyl and diaryl phosphites and diethyl thiophosphite at the C=C double bond in the absence of catalyst. This is an anti-Markovnikov reaction, which yields the corresponding phosphonates and thiophosphonates.A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organometallic Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117813 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1913–1915, August, 1992. 相似文献
199.
We consider the following (solitary) game: each node of a directed graph contains a pile of chips. A move consists of selecting a node with at least as many chips as its outdegree, and sending one chip along each outgoing edge to its neighbors. We extend to directed graphs several results on the undirected version obtained earlier by the authors, P. Shor, and G. Tardos, and we discuss some new topics such as periodicity, reachability, and probabilistic aspects.Among the new results specifically concerning digraphs, we relate the length of the shortest period of an infinite game to the length of the longest terminating game, and also to the access time of random walks on the same graph. These questions involve a study of the Laplace operator for directed graphs. We show that for many graphs, in particular for undirected graphs, the problem whether a given position of the chips can be reached from the initial position is polynomial time solvable.Finally, we show how the basic properties of the probabilistic abacus can be derived from our results. 相似文献
200.
Reaction between the title compounds gave the unexpected 3-[5,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydrofur-4-yl-2-(3-isopropanol-2-propenonitrile)imino]benzothiazol-2-one, as a result of the addition of two cyanoacetylene molecules.Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk 664033. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 1003–1005, April, 1992. 相似文献