Nonlinear compression of optical solitons

In this paper, we consider nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equations, both in the anomalous and normal dispersive regimes, which govern the propagation of a single field in a fiber medium with phase modulation and fibre gain (or loss). The integrability conditions are arrived from linear eigen value problem. The variable transformations which connect the integrable form of modified NLS equations are presented. We succeed in Hirota bilinearzing the equations and on solving, exact bright and dark soliton solutions are obtained. From the results, we show that the soliton is alive, i.e. pulse area can be conserved by the inclusion of gain (or loss) and phase modulation effects.     

连续调谐多波长主动锁模光纤激光器

利用色散补偿法纤增加腔内色散和改变调制频率,在主动锁模光纤环形激光器实验中,得到了可连续调谐的双波长激光脉冲,冷却掺铒光纤,实现了17波长的激光。     

Influence of group—velocity mismatch on soliton switching in a nonlinear fibre coupler

In this work, the influence of group-velocity mismatch on soliton self-routing pulse switching in a nonlinear fibre coupler is discussed in detail by the use of both variational approach and numerical simulation. The results obtained show that the group-velocity mismatch leads to the relative displacement between the two orthogonal polarization modes, increase of the critical power, and reduction of the elimination-light ratio. For sub-ps pulse, the influence cannot be neglected.     

NiSO_4改性对聚丙烯腈原丝及其碳纤维结构与性能的影响

碳纤维具有高比强度、高比模量、导电、耐热、自润滑等优异的综合性能,在纤维增强复合材料中得到了广泛的应用.可制备碳纤维的前驱体有人造丝、沥青、聚丙烯腈纤维、木质素、聚乙烯纤维、聚苯并噻唑(PBO)纤维等.但大多数高强碳纤维目前仍然是由聚丙烯腈纤维制备的,同时,许多工作都集中在更进一步提高碳纤维的机械性能.特别是在我国, 碳纤维质量与某些发达国家相比,还有较大的差距,急需解决的问题就是如何尽快研制出高力学性能的碳纤维.采用氨基硅氧烷、脂肪族羧酸[1]、CuCl[2]、KMnO 4[3]、CoCl2[4]等有机或无机化学试剂对聚丙烯腈原丝进行化学处理, 以改进最终碳纤维的结构与性能是一种有效的方法.国内在这方面的研究还很少.文献[1 ～4]中所采用的方法都是利用商业聚丙烯腈原丝在碳化前进行洗油、浸渍、洗涤烘干处理 ,增加了碳纤维制备的工序,同时,原丝损伤较大,在连续生产中难以适用.我们在原丝连续制备的同时采用NiSO4溶液浸渍处理聚丙烯腈纤维,本文主要研究了采用NiSO4浸渍改性后聚丙烯腈原丝及其碳纤维的结构与性能.研究表明,采用NiSO4在线浸渍改性聚丙烯腈原丝,生产工艺简单,且能有效地改进最终碳纤维的结构与性能.     

钢铁及合金中钨测定的高氯酸氧化法

在磷酸介质中,冒烟高氯酸氧化钨成高价,并消除溶液中存在的还原物质的影响,用氯化亚锡及三氯化钛还原铁和钨,约3．6mol／L盐酸介质中,硫氰酸铵与钨（V）生成黄色络合物,通过测其吸光义可定量测定钨含量。由于较多量冒烟高氯酸的氧化作用,还原不需铁作催化剂,消除了基体铁的影响。测定质量分数范围为0．05％－10％。     

Portable Fibre Optic Oxygen Sensor Based on Room-Temperature Phosphor escence Lifetime

 A portable fibre optic instrument for oxygen sensing based on luminescence lifetime is presented. The instrument is based on measurement of the quenching by oxygen of the room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emitted by aluminium tris(8-hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinolinesulfonic acid) chelate incorporated in an inorganic matrix by sol–gel technology. The comparatively long RTP lifetime of this sensing material (450 μs) and the large singlet–triplet splitting (λ_exc 390 nm, λ_em 590 nm) allow the use of simple opto-electronic circuits and low-cost processing electronics. Standard electronic components have been applied in development of the low-cost lifetime-measurement instrumentation presented here. Two optical sensor configurations, “flow-through cell” and “probe”, have been designed and evaluated for the determination of very low levels of oxygen, in gaseous argon streams and in waters. The basic technology, design parameters and performance characteristics of the optical sensors are discussed. Applications to determination of dissolved oxygen in river, tap and sewage waters are described. The advantages of luminescence lifetime measurements over conventional RTP intensity measurements for oxygen sensing are discussed. Received April 1, 1999. Revision November 4, 1999.     

The aerosol penetration through an electret fibrous filter

The aim of this paper is to present a theoretical study of the aerosol penetration through an electret fibrous filter, using a numerical approach. The aerosol sizes considered in this study were in the submicron range, and in the numerical model, the conventional mechanical mechanisms (impaction, interception, diffusion and gravitationally settling) were taken into consideration along with the electrostatic mechanisms, including the Coulombic and dielectrophoretic effects. The aerosol penetration through an electret fibrous filter is heavily dependent on the aerosol penetration of a single fibre. The aerosol penetration through a single electret fibre under various filtration conditions was calculated. The effects of aerosol diameter, aerosol and fibre charge state, face velocity, packing density and aerosol dielectric constant on the aerosol penetration were investigated.     

Temperature or strain induced adjustable-chirp characteristics of uniform fibre grating with tapered metal coating

Temperature and strain characteristics of uniform fibre grating with tapered metal coatings have been analysed theoretically, by which adjustable chirp characteristics of such gratings are shown. Electroplating is adopted to fabricate such gratings, and the tapered metal coating is obtained by gradually drawing the fibre grating out of the solution during the process of electroplating. The gradually changing cross-sectional area of the metal coating is calculated by a newly suggested numerical method. By combining the theoretical and numerical simulation analyses, the gratings' characteristics are given at various temperatures and strains. The results obtained using such a method are also testified by experiments.     

Realization of an efficient coherent combination via Michelson cavity

An intracavity coherent coupling Michelson erbium-doped fibre (EDF) laser (MCEDFL) is proposed and demonstrated. By using this laser system, we find a means to obtain a maximum power output at the same pumping power level. From the experiment based on fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) with different reflectivities from 6{\%} to 100{\%}, we find that the reflectivity of the FBG plays a vital role in improving the performance of the MCEDFL. At the same time, the MCEDFL with a polarizer can be coherently combined effectively. This type of system, in principle, is compatible with other more powerful pumping methods, such as cladding pumping, and brings some novel perspectives to the realization of high power lasers.     

Resonance modes in optical fibres

The weakly nonlinear boundary value problem of wave propagation in an optical fibere(for the transverse electric mode,for example)is formulated and a modified linear solution is obained.It is shown that a self-consistent theory of fibre optics should be weakly nonlinear,The mode of critical refraction that does not exist in the linear theory is obtained,showing that it is a mode consisting of resonance modes,It is shown that the signal carriers in a long fibre are of resonance modes,not normal modes,Some experimental data are given for comparison with the theoretical predictions and the agreement seems satisfactory.