铕(Ⅲ)荧光增敏体系在微乳液中的发光性质和荧光衰减动力学研究

利用稳态和瞬态光谱方法研究了不同铕离子发光体系中各种因素对铕离子发光性质的影响.通过吸收和激发光谱的变化分析了稀土离子Gd³⁺对Eu³⁺增敏机理,并从荧光衰减动力学角度证明了主配体噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮(TTA)、协配体邻啡咯啉(Phen)、稀土离子Gd³⁺和表面活性剂TX-100对铕离子发光的增敏作用.4种发光体系Eu³⁺/Gd³⁺/TTA/Phen/TX-100,Eu³⁺/TTA/Phen/TX-100,Eu³⁺/Gd³⁺/TTA/Phen和Eu³⁺/Gd³⁺/TTA/TX-100中铕离子⁵D₀态的发光寿命依次为980>670>400>260μs,而且存在铕离子⁵D₁到⁵D₀的传能过程.在发光越强的体系中,⁵D₁的衰减越慢,相应地⁵D₀的上升时间也就越长.研究结果表明,在最佳发光体系中既存在分子内的能量转移,又存在分子间的能量传递.     

On the symmetry analysis and conservation laws of the (1 + 1)‐dimensional Hénon–Lane–Emden system

We carry out a complete Lie symmetry analysis and Noether symmetry classification of the (1 + 1)‐dimensional H non–Lane–Emden system. It is shown that the principal Lie algebra, which is one dimensional, extends in several cases. It is also shown that four main cases transpire in the Noether classification with respect to the Lagrangian. In addition, conservation laws for the H non–Lane–Emden system are constructed. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the importance and the physical interpretation of these conserved vectors. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The empirical distribution function and strong laws for functions of order statistics of uniform spacings

Let N points be arbitrarily chosen on the circle with unit circumference, and order them clockwise. The uniform mth order spacings are then defined as the clockwise distances between any pair of points having m − 1 other points in between. A Glivenko-Cantelli theorem and nonlinear almost sure bounds for the empirical distribution function based on these uniform spacings are derived. The parameter m is allowed to increase with N to infinity. Applications to linear combinations of functions of mth order spacings are given.     

Zhiber-Shabat方程的多辛几何和多辛隐式格式研究

Zhiber-Shabat方程,描述许多重要的物理现象,是一类重要的非线性方程,有着许多广泛的应用前景.本文给出Zhiber-Shabat方程的多辛几何结构和多辛Fourier拟谱方法.数值算例结果表明多辛离散格式具有较好的长时间的数值稳定性.     

区间合成模糊对策

给出了一种新的合成模糊对策模型——区间合成模糊对策,研究了区间合成模糊对策的区间稳定集、区间核心、区间Shapley值、区间Banzhaf-Coleman势指标以及与子区间模糊对策的关系。区间合成模糊对策作为一种特殊的模糊数合成模糊对策,对于研究其它具有模糊数的模糊合成对策有一定的参考价值。     

RELAXATION SOLVERS FOR IDEAL MHD EQUATIONS-A REVIEW

We have developed approximate Riemann solvers for ideal MHD equations based on a relaxation approach in [4], [5]. These lead to entropy consistent solutions with good properties like guaranteed positive density. We describe the extension to higher order and multiple space dimensions. Finally we show our implementation of all this into the astrophysics code FLASH.     

Operator stable laws: Series representations and domains of normal attraction

LetX,X ₁,X ₂,... be i.i.d. random vectors in ^d. The limit laws that can arise by suitable affine normalizations of the partial sums,S _n=X ₁+...+X _n, are calledoperator-stable laws. These laws are a natural extension to ^d of the stable laws on. Thegeneralized domain of attraction of [GDOA()] is comprised of all random vectorsX whose partial sums can be affinely normalized to converge to . If the linear part of the affine transformation is restricted to take the formn ^–B for some exponent operatorB naturally associated to thenX is in thegeneralized domain of normal attraction of [GDONA()]. This paper extends the theory of operator-stable laws and their domains of attraction and normal attraction.     

Interactions of delta shock waves for the relativistic Chaplygin Euler equations with split delta functions

In this article, we are concerned with the interactions of delta shock waves with contact discontinuities for the relativistic Euler equations for Chaplygin gas by using split delta functions method. The solutions are obtained constructively and globally when the initial data consists of three piecewise constant states. The global structure and large time‐asymptotic behaviors of the solutions are analyzed case by case. During the process of the interaction, the strengths of delta shock waves are computed completely. Moreover, it can be found that the Riemann solutions are stable for such small perturbations with special initial data by letting perturbed parameter ε tends to zero. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pathwise superhedging for time-dependent barrier options on càdlàg paths—Finite or infinite tradeable European,One-Touch,lookback or forward starting options

We establish pathwise duality using simple predictable trading strategies for the robust hedging problem associated with a barrier option whose payoff depends on the terminal level and the infimum of a càdlàg strictly positive stock price process, given tradeable European options at all strikes at a single maturity. The result allows for a significant dimension reduction in the computation of the superhedging cost, via an alternate lower-dimensional formulation of the primal problem as a convex optimization problem, which is qualitatively similar to the duality which was formally sketched using linear programming arguments in Duembgen and Rogers [10] for the case where we only consider continuous sample paths. The proof exploits a simplification of a classical result by Rogers (1993) which characterizes the attainable joint laws for the supremum and the drawdown of a uniformly integrable martingale (not necessarily continuous), combined with classical convex duality results from Rockefellar (1974) using paired spaces with compatible locally convex topologies and the Hahn–Banach theorem. We later adapt this result to include additional tradeable One-Touch options using the Kertz and Rösler (1990) condition. We also compute the superhedging cost when in the more realistic situation where there is only finite tradeable European options; for this case we obtain the full duality in the sense of quantile hedging as in Soner (2015), where the superhedge works with probability $1?\epsilon$ where $\epsilon$ can be arbitrarily small), and we obtain an upper bound for the true pathwise superhedging cost. In Section 5, we extend our analysis to include time-dependent barrier options using martingale coupling arguments, where we now have tradeable European options at both maturities at all strikes and tradeable forward starting options at all strikes. This set up is designed to approximate the more realistic situation where we have a finite number of tradeable Europeans at both maturities plus a finite number of tradeable forward starting options.¹