Indépendance algébrique sur les T-modules

We study the transcendence degree (of the values at algebraic points) of the coordinate functions of a given one parameter subgroup on a simple g dimensional T-module. In such a situation, we obtain a lower bound for this transcendence degree depending on g and on the growth order of the parameter subgroup. As a particular case, one gets the finite characteristic analogue of a result of Siegel on the algebraic independence for the values of the classical Bessel function. Résumé. Nous obtenons une minoration du degré de transcendance d'un ensemble de valeurs en des points algébriques des fonctions coordonnées d'un sous-groupe à un paramètre d'un T-module simple, en fonction de l'ordre de croissance de ces dernières et de la dimension du T-module. Un cas particulier de ce résultat permet d'obtenir en caractéristique finie un analogue d'un résultat de Siegel sur l'indépendance algébrique des valeurs de la fonction de Bessel usuelle.     

一个矩阵不等式和Bayes无偏估计（英）

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On the Block Independence in G-Inverse and Reflexive Inner Inverse of A Partitioned Matrix

By applying the multiple quotient singular value decomposition QQQQQ-SVD, we study the block independence in g-inverse and reflexive inner inverse of 2× 2 partitioned matrices, and prove a conjecture in [Yiju Wang, SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl., 19（2）, 407-415（1998）].     

Conditional Probabilities and Density Operators in Quantum Modeling

Motivated by a recent proof of free choices in linking equations to the experiments they describe, I clarify some relations among purely mathematical entities featured in quantum mechanics (probabilities, density operators, partial traces, and operator-valued measures), thereby allowing applications of these entities to the modeling of a wider variety of physical situations. I relate conditional probabilities associated with projection-valued measures to conditional density operators identical, in some cases but not in others, to the usual reduced density operators. While a fatal obstacle precludes associating conditional density operators with general non-projective measures, tensor products of general positive operator-valued measures (POVMs) are associated with conditional density operators. This association together with the free choice of probe particles allows a postulate of state reductions to be replaced by a theorem. An application shows an equivalence between one form of quantum key distribution and another with respect to certain eavesdropping attacks.     

Local Realism and Conditional Probability

Emilio Santos has argued (Santos, Studies in History and Philosophy of Physics http: //arxiv-org/abs/quant-ph/0410193) that to date, no experiment has provided a loophole-free refutation of Bell’s inequalities. He believes that this provides strong evidence for the principle of local realism, and argues that we should reject this principle only if we have extremely strong evidence. However, recent work by Malley and Fine (Non-commuting observables and local realism, http: //arxiv-org/abs/quant-ph/0505016) appears to suggest that experiments refuting Bell’s inequalities could at most confirm that quantum mechanical quantities do not commute. They also suggest that experiments performed on a single system could refute local realism. In this paper, we develop a connection between the work of Malley and Fine and an argument by Bub from some years ago [Bub, The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, Chapter VI(Reidel, Dodrecht,1974)]. We also argue that the appearance of conflict between Santos on the one hand and Malley and Fine on the other is a result of differences in the way they understand local realism.     

New Relaxation Method for Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints

In this paper, we present a new relaxation method for mathematical programs with complementarity constraints. Based on the fact that a variational inequality problem defined on a simplex can be represented by a finite number of inequalities, we use an expansive simplex instead of the nonnegative orthant involved in the complementarity constraints. We then remove some inequalities and obtain a standard nonlinear program. We show that the linear independence constraint qualification or the Mangasarian–Fromovitz constraint qualification holds for the relaxed problem under some mild conditions. We consider also a limiting behavior of the relaxed problem. We prove that any accumulation point of stationary points of the relaxed problems is a weakly stationary point of the original problem and that, if the function involved in the complementarity constraints does not vanish at this point, it is C-stationary. We obtain also some sufficient conditions of B-stationarity for a feasible point of the original problem. In particular, some conditions described by the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrices of the Lagrangian functions of the relaxed problems are new and can be verified easily. Our limited numerical experience indicates that the proposed approach is promising.     

关于矩阵分解为稳定矩阵之和的讨论

要解决的问题是一个矩阵是否可以分解为若干稳定 (连续时间意义下 )矩阵的和 .通过推广Ito,Hattori and Maeda在文献 [2 ]中使用的方法并运用其中的成果 ,我们得到了更为准确的相关结论 .     

Phase transition thresholds for some Friedman-style independence results

We classify the phase transition thresholds from provability to unprovability for certain Friedman-style miniaturizations of Kruskal's Theorem and Higman's Lemma. In addition we prove a new and unexpected phase transition result for ε₀. Motivated by renormalization and universality issues from statistical physics we finally state a universality hypothesis. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Disintegration of Gaussian measures and average-case optimal algorithms

It is shown that a Gaussian measure in a given infinite-dimensional Banach space always admits an essentially unique Gaussian disintegration with respect to a given continuous linear operator. This covers a similar statement made earlier in [Lee and Wasilkowski, Approximation of linear functionals on a Banach space with a Gaussian measure, J. Complexity 2(1) (1986) 12–43.] for the case of finite-rank operators.     

Spatial Nonparametric Regression Estimation: Non-isotropic Case

Data collected on the surface of the earth often has spatial interaction. In this paper, a non-isotropic mixing spatial data process is introduced, and under such a spatial structure a nonparametric kernel method is suggested to estimate a spatial conditional regression. Under mild regularities, sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the weak consistency as well as the convergence rates for the kernel estimator. Of interest are the following: (1) All the conditions imposed on the mixing coefficient and the bandwidth are simple; (2) Differently from the time series setting, the bandwidth is found to be dependent on the dimension of the site in space as well; (3) For weak consistency, the mixing coefficient is allowed to be unsummable and the tendency of sample size to infinity may be in different manners along different direction in space; (4) However, to have an optimal convergence rate, faster decreasing rates of mixing coefficient and the tendency of sample size to infinity along each direction a