非线性水波Hamilton系统理论与应用研究进展

概述了辛几何理论与辛算法在Hamilton力学中的应用，综述非线性水波的Hamilton理论研究进展．阐述非线性水波Hamilton变分原理与方法的优越性与局限性，探讨KdV方程和BBM方程的Hamilton描述、对称性与守恒律，提出非线性水波Hamilton描述研究中有待进一步研究的问题和解法设想．     

锡基巴氏合金磨损表面的分形与磨损率

利用结构函数分析法研究了滑动摩擦学系统中金属磨损表面轮廓线的分形特性。结果表明：磨损表面轮廓线在小于Ｓｍ的尺度上具有分形结构。采用结构函数法可以方便地确定粗糙表面轮廓线的分形参数，即垂直于滑动方向上磨损表面轮廓线的分维Ｄ可作为磨损表面分维的特征值，它与金属磨损率的变化有着密切的关系，最佳分维Ｄｏｐｔ值对应于材料的最低磨损率。     

纺织结构复合材料的力学性能研究

从纺织几何学入手,通过对纺织结构复合材料细胞构型的分析,建立其刚度矩阵和本构关系,并结合纺织结构复合材料的损伤和演化规律分析,完整地描述纺织结构复合材料的力学特点.着重讨论物理概念和研究方法,以促进了解纺织复合材料的分析理论和它的工程应用.      

Investigation of the detonation regimes in gaseous mixtures with suspended starch particles

The existence of a secondary discontinuity at the rear of a detonation front shown in experiments by Peraldi and Veyssiere (1986) in stoichiometric hydrogen-oxygen mixtures with suspended 20-m starch particles has not been explained satisfactorily. Recently Veyssiere et al. (1997) analyzed these results using a one-dimensional (1-D) numerical model, and concluded that the heat release rate provided by the burning of starch particles in gaseous detonation products is too weak to support a double-front detonation (DFD), in contrast to the case of hybrid mixtures of hydrogen-air with suspended aluminium particles in which a double-front detonation structure was observed by Veyssiere (1986). A two-dimensional (2-D) numerical model was used in the present work to investigate abovementioned experimental results for hybrid mixtures with starch particles. The formation and propagation of the detonation has been examined in the geometry similar to the experimental tube of Peraldi and Veyssiere (1986), which has an area change after 2 m of propagation from the ignition point from a 69 mm dia. section to a 53 mm 53 mm square cross section corresponding to a 33% area contraction. It is shown that the detonation propagation regime in these experiments has a different nature from the double-front detonation observed in hybrid mixtures with aluminium particles. The detonation propagates as a pseudo-gas detonation (PGD) because starch particles release their heat downstream of the CJ plane giving rise to a non-stationary compression wave. The discontinuity wave at the rear of the detonation front is due to the interaction of the leading detonation front with the tube contraction, and is detected at the farthest pressure gauge location because the tube length is insufficient for the perturbation generated by the tube contraction to decay. Thus, numerical simulations explain experimental observations made by Peraldi and Veyssiere (1986). Received 5 July 1997 / Accepted 13 July 1998     

考虑剪切效应层合板的Hamilton体系及辛几何方法

基于ＹＮＳ层合板理论,通过对混合能变分原理的修正,建立了层合板问题的Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ正则方程。在辛几何数学框架下,采用共轭辛正交归一关系给出精确解。并与经典层板理论进行了比较。     

A general approach for computing unsteady 3D thin lifting and/or propulsive systems derived from a complete theory

This paper presents the basis of a numerical method for unsteady aerodynamic computation around thin lifting and/or propulsive systems with arbitrary variable geometries, involving the velocity field, the velocity potential, the pressure field and the wake characteristics (geometry and vortex strength). Most of the corresponding theory actually stems from the unsteady wake model established by Mudry, in which the wake is considered to be a median layer, characterized by a pair of functions on which Mudry founded the concept of continuous vortex particle. The governing relations of the continuous problem are then the flow tangency condition, the wake integro‐differential evolution equation, and a flow regularity condition at the trailing edge. This constitutes a rigorous and complete theoretical formulation of this problem, from which a discretization scheme and a numerical method of solution are derived. The view of the vortex wake is similar to the one in the classical vortex lattice approaches, but uses a discrete vortex particle concept, particularly well suited for the prediction of the unsteady wake deformation. This, together with the continuous theory, ensures the computing method compares favorably with the classical methods in terms of flexibility and computing costs. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the present method, the calculation of flapping wings of variable geometry is also presented. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Internal loops in pseudoelastic behaviour of Ti-Ni shape memory alloys: Experiment and modelling

The stress-strain isothermal hysteresis loops due to the incomplete martensitic transformation are analysed for Ti-Ni shape memory alloys. Experiments show the existence of two distinct yield lines for phase transition; one for the forward transformation austenitemartensite (AM), the other for the reverse transformation MA. The tensile behaviour of single crystals with only one yield line (AM) [1] can be considered as an ideal case. An extension of a thermodynamic model for pseudoelasticity [2] allows these two yield lines to be taken into account.

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Sommario Per leghe Ti-Ni con memoria di forma vengono analizzati i cicli di isteresi isotermici tensione-deformazione prodotti da una incompleta trasformazione martensitica. Gli esperimenti mostrano l'esistenza di due distinte linee di snervamento per la transizione di fase, una verso la trasformazione austenitemartensite (AM), l'altra per la trasformazione inversa MA. Il comportamento a trazione di un singolo cristallo con una sola linea di snervamento (AM) [1], può essere considerato un caso ideale. L'estensione ad un modello termodinamico pseudo-elastico [2] consente di analizzare queste due linee di snervamento.

     

Hysteresis and imperfection sensitivity in small ferromagnetic particles

The classical results of Stoner and Wohlfarth for the prediction of hysteresis loops in small ferromagnetic particles are extended to specimens of non-ellipsoidal shape, and shown to be a consequence of micromagnetics. The insensitivity to surface roughness is proposed as a possible explanation of the high coercivity behavior of small particles.

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Sommario Si deducono i classici risultati di Stoner e Wohlfarth dalla teoria del micromagnetismo, e si dimostra la loro validità per la previsione di cicli di isteresi magnetica anche per particelle di forma non ellissoidale. Viene proposta, quale possibile spiegazione della notevole ampiezza dei cicli di isteresi caratteristici di particelle di piccole dimensioni, l'indifferenza alla presenza di rugosità superficiale.

     

Influence of heat transfer and fluid flow on crack growth in multilayered porous/dense materials using XFEM: Application to Solid Oxide Fuel Cell like material design

An advanced numerical model is developed to investigate the influence of heat transfer and fluid flow on crack propagation in multi-layered porous materials. The fluid flow, governed by the Navier–Stokes and Darcy’s law, is discretized with the nonconforming Crouzeix–Raviart (CR) finite element method. A combination of Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) and Multi-Point Flux Approximation (MPFA) methods is used to solve the advection–diffusion heat transfer equation in the flow channel and in the fluid phase within the porous material. The crack is assumed to affect only the heat diffusion within the porous layer, therefore a time splitting technique is used to solve the heat transfer in the fluid and the solid phases separately. Thus, within the porous material, the crack induces a discontinuity of the temperature at the crack surfaces and a singularity of the flux at the crack tip. Conduction in the solid phase is solved using the eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) to better handle the discontinuities and singularities caused by the cracks. The XFEM is also used to solve the thermo-mechanical problem and to track the crack propagation. The multi-physics model is implemented then validated for the transient regime, this necessitated a post processing treatment in which, the stress intensity factors (SIF) are computed for each time step. The SIFs are then used in the crack propagation criterion and the crack orientation angle. The methodology seems to be robust accurate and the computational cost is reduced thanks to the XFEM.     

Two and three dimensional modeling of fluidized bed with multiple jets in a DEM–CFD framework

Fluidized beds with multiple jets have widespread industrial applications. The objective of this paper is to investigate the jet interactions and hydrodynamics of a fluidized bed with multiple jets. Discrete element modeling coupled with in-house CFD code GenIDLEST has been used to simulate a bed with nine jets. The results are compared with published experiments. Mono dispersed particles of size 550 μm are used with 1.4 times the minimum fluidization velocity of the particles. Both two and three dimensional computations have been performed. To the best of our knowledge, the results presented in this paper are the first full 3D simulations of a fluidized bed performed with multiple jets. Discrepancies between the experiment and simulations are discussed in the context of the dimensionality of the simulations. The 2D solid fraction profile compares well with the experiment close to the distributor plate. At higher heights, the 2D simulation over-predicts the solid fraction profiles near the walls. The 3D simulation on the other hand is better able to capture the solid fraction profile higher up in the bed compared to that near the distributor plate. Similarly, the normalized particle velocities and the particle fluxes compare well with the experiment closer to the distributor plate for the 2D simulation and the freeboard for the 3D simulation, respectively. A lower expanded bed height is predicted in the 2D simulation compared to the 3D simulation and the experiment. The results obtained from DEM computations show that a 2D simulation can be used to capture essential jetting trends near the distributor plate regions, whereas a full scale 3D simulation is needed to capture the bubbles near the freeboard regions. These serve as validations for the experiment and help us understand the complex jet interaction and solid circulation patterns in a multiple jet fluidized bed system.