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31.
Bianca S. Shemper A. Ersin Acar Lon J. Mathias 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2002,40(3):334-343
The copper‐catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of poly(propylene glycol) methacrylate (PPGM) in solution to produce linear and starlike polymers is reported, using methylethyl ketone as the solvent and a temperature of 80 °C. The ATRP system used was efficient for polymerization of the functionalized monomer without protecting hydroxyl end groups of monomer. The polymerizations were consistent with “living” or controlled processes, as revealed by the linear evolution of molecular weight with conversion. Increasing the [M]0:[I]0 ratio resulted in increasing molecular weights, whereas the polydispersity indices remained low (Mw/Mn < 1.4) even at high conversion. Decreasing the [CuBr]0:[I]0 ratio resulted in lower conversions, slightly larger polydispersities, and decreased molecular weights, likely resulting from a lower initiation efficiency. Polymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR; molecular weights of polymers with low degrees of polymerization were estimated by end‐group analysis from 13C NMR spectra obtained using distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer and the gated decoupling techniques. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 334–343, 2002 相似文献
32.
WEN De-Hua CHEN Wei LIU Liang-Gang 《理论物理通讯》2007,47(4):653-657
Properties and deformations of the rotating neutron stars in uniform strong magnetic field are calculated. The magnetic field will soften the equation of state of the neutron star matters and make an obvious effect on the structure of the rotating neutron star. If the magnetic field is superstrong (B=10^17 T), the mass, radius, and the deformation will become smaller effectively. 相似文献
33.
对给定的简单图$H_1,H_2,\ldots,H_c$, 我们将使完全图$K_n$的任意边分解$\{G_i\}^c_{i=1}$都存在至少一个$G_i$有子图同构于$H_i$的最小正整数$n$称为多染色拉姆齐数 $R(H_1,H_2,\ldots,$ $H_c)$. 对正整数$m,n_1,n_2,\ldots,n_c$, 令$\Sigma=\sum_{i=1}^{c}(n_i-1)$. 在文献中,我们已经获得了$R(K_{1,n_1},\ldots,K_{1,n_c},P_m)$ 的一些界和精确值.Wang推测若$\Sigma\not\equiv 0\pmod{m-1}$且$\Sigma+1\ge (m-3)^2$, 则有$R(K_{1,n_1},\ldots, K_{1,n_c}, P_m)=\Sigma+m-1.$ 本文中, 我们给出了一个新的下界并给出$R(K_{1,n_1},\ldots,K_{1,n_c},P_m)$在$m\leq\Sigma$, $\Sigma\equiv k\pmod{m-1}$且$2\leq k \leq m-2$情况下的部分精确值. 这些结果部分证实了Wang的猜想. 相似文献
34.
Valentina Noemi Madia Walter Toscanelli Daniela De Vita Marta De Angelis Antonella Messore Davide Ialongo Luigi Scipione Valeria Tudino Felicia Diodata DAuria Roberto Di Santo Stefania Garzoli Annarita Stringaro Marisa Colone Magda Marchetti Fabiana Superti Lucia Nencioni Roberta Costi 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(12)
Influenza viruses are transmitted from human to human via airborne droplets and can be transferred through contaminated environmental surfaces. Some works have demonstrated the efficacy of essential oils (EOs) as antimicrobial and antiviral agents, but most of them examined the liquid phases, which are generally toxic for oral applications. In our study, we describe the antiviral activity of Citrus bergamia, Melaleuca alternifolia, Illicium verum and Eucalyptus globulus vapor EOs against influenza virus type A. In the vapor phase, C. bergamia and M. alternifolia strongly reduced viral cytopathic effect without exerting any cytotoxicity. The E. globulus vapor EO reduced viral infection by 78% with no cytotoxicity, while I. verum was not effective. Furthermore, we characterized the EOs and their vapor phase by the head-space gas chromatography–mass spectrometry technique, observing that the major component found in each liquid EO is the same one of the corresponding vapor phases, with the exception of M. alternifolia. To deepen the mechanism of action, the morphological integrity of virus particles was checked by negative staining transmission electron microscopy, showing that they interfere with the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope, leading to the decomposition of membranes. We speculated that the most abundant components of the vapor EOs might directly interfere with influenza virus envelope structures or mask viral structures important for early steps of viral infection. 相似文献
35.
Hooman Moradpour Mohsen Javaherian Ebrahim Namvar Amir Hadi Ziaie 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,24(6)
Relying on the quantum tunnelling concept and Maxwell–Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics, Gamow shows that the star-burning process happens at temperatures comparable to a critical value, called the Gamow temperature () and less than the prediction of the classical framework. In order to highlight the role of the equipartition theorem in the Gamow argument, a thermal length scale is defined, and then the effects of non-extensivity on the Gamow temperature have been investigated by focusing on the Tsallis and Kaniadakis statistics. The results attest that while the Gamow temperature decreases in the framework of Kaniadakis statistics, it can be bigger or smaller than when Tsallis statistics are employed. 相似文献
36.
37.
The effects of cubic potentials on discrete breathers in a mixed Klein-Gordon /Fermi-Pasta-Ulam chain 下载免费PDF全文
Nonlinearity has a crucial impact on the symmetry properties of dynamical
systems. This paper studies a one-dimensional mixed Klein--Gordon/Fermi--Pasta--Ulam diatomic
chain using the expanded rotating plane-wave approximation and numerical
calculations to determine the effect of cubic potentials on the symmetry
properties of discrete breathers in this system. The results will be very
useful to researchers in the field of numerical calculations on
discrete breathers. 相似文献
38.
转子在线自动平衡及其工程应用研究的进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
转子在线自动平衡技术可以在旋转机械运行期间调整其不平衡量来及时降低振动, 使其始终稳定运行.早期的自动平衡装置始于19世纪末, 包括液体型、环型、球型和摆锤型;20世纪60年代开始研究的自动平衡装置主要包括喷涂型、电腐蚀型、电子光束型、激光型和电化学型;20世纪后期研究的自动平衡装置主要包括电动机型和遥控型;现代的自动平衡装置主要包括液压型、电磁型和电磁轴承型.综述了国内外各种旋转机械在线自动平衡装置的结构和工作原理, 重点介绍了液压型和电磁型自动平衡装置的结构和控制原理.讨论了在线自动平衡技术最新的研究成果, 列举了在线自动平衡技术的工程应用实例, 介绍了应用电磁型自动平衡装置解决柔性弯曲转子和立式超重力机转子振动的试验.转子在线自动平衡技术已经大量应用到机械加工设备, 如磨床等, 显著提高了加工精度;有些还应用于流程工业中大型的旋转机械上, 如汽轮机、风机和压缩机等, 取得了巨大的经济效益.高可靠性的平衡执行机构和高效的控制策略等关键问题尚未完全解决. 相似文献
39.
Chen He Ban‐Kun Jin Wei‐Dong He Xue‐Song Ge Jing Tao Jing Yang Sheng‐Qi Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2013,51(10):2142-2149
Long‐subchain hyperbranched polystyrene (lsc‐hp PSt) with uniform subchain length was obtained through copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry from seesaw macromonomer of PSt having one alkynyl group anchored at the chain centre and two azido group attached to both chain ends [alkynyl‐(PSt‐N3)2]. After precipitation fraction, different portions of lsc‐hp PSt having narrow overall molecular weight distribution were obtained for further grafting with alkynyl‐capped poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (alkynyl‐PNIPAM), which was obtained via single‐electron transfer living radical polymerization of NIPAM with propargyl 2‐bromoisobutyrate as the initiator and grafted onto the peripheral azido groups of lsc‐hp PSt via click chemistry. Thus, amphiphilic lsc‐hp PSt grafted with PNIPAM chains (lsc‐hp PSt‐g‐PNIPAM) was obtained and would have star‐like conformation in tetrahydrofuran (THF). By replacing THF with water, lsc‐hp PSt‐g‐PNIPAM was dissolved at molecular level in aqueous solution due to the hydrophilicity of PNIPAM and exhibited thermal induced shrinkage of PNIPAM arms. The water‐insoluble lsc‐hp PSt would collapse densely and could be served as a reservoir to absorb hydrophobic chemicals in aqueous solution. The influence of overall molecular weight of lsc‐hp PSt on the absorption of pyrene was studied. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013 相似文献
40.
Binnur Aydogan Temel Julia Amici Marco Sangermano Yusuf Yagci 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2013,51(21):4601-4607
Three controlled/living polymerization processes, namely atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) and iniferter polymerization, and photoinduced radical coupling reaction were combined for the preparation of ABCBD‐type H‐shaped complex copolymer. First, α‐benzophenone functional polystyrene (BP‐PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (BP‐PMMA) were prepared independently by ATRP. The resulting polymers were irradiated to form ketyl radicals by hydrogen abstraction of the excited benzophenone moieties present at each chain end. Coupling of these radicals resulted in the formation of polystyrene‐b‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS‐b‐PMMA) with benzpinacole structure at the junction point possessing both hydroxyl and iniferter functionalities. ROP of ε‐caprolactone (CL) by using PS‐b‐PMMA as bifunctional initiator, in the presence of stannous octoate yielded the corresponding tetrablock copolymer, PCL‐PS‐PMMA‐PCL. Finally, the polymerization of tert‐butyl acrylate (tBA) via iniferter process gave the targeted H‐shaped block copolymer. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013 , 51, 4601–4607 相似文献