复Fuzzy函数的Buckley导数与Buckley积分

本文对Ｊ．Ｊ．Ｂｕｃｋｌｅｙ在［１］、［２］中给出的实变量复Ｆｕｚｚｙ数值函数的导数与积分加以推广,引出复变量复Ｆｕｚｚｙ数值的导数与积分概念,为研究Ｆｕｚｚｙ复分析打下一定的基础。     

Global saddle-point duality for quasi-concave programs

General and quasi-concave non-differentiable cases of the maximization of the minimun between two functions are considered. With the aid of duality theory for mathematical programming involving conjugate-like operators and by defining a bifunction we construct a new Lagrangian and generate a class of perturbations. New saddle-point theorems are presented, and equivalence is proved between the existence of a saddle-point and the existence of a certain cone-supporting property of the perturbation function. These results suggest possible improvements in multiplier methods.This work was partially supported by a grant from Control Data.     

Beyond nanosizing: an approach to shape analysis of fluorescent nanostructures by SMI-microscopy

Using spatially modulated illumination (SMI) light microscopy it is possible to measure the sizes of fluorescent structures that have an extension far below the conventional optical resolution limit (“subresolution size”). Presently, the sizes are determined as the object extension along the optical axis of the SMI microscope. For this, however, “a priori” assumptions on the fluorochrome distribution (“shape”) within the examined fluorescent structure have to be made. Usually it is assumed that the fluorochrome follows a Gauss-distribution or a spherical distribution. In this report we overcome the necessity to make an assumption on the shape of the fluorochrome distribution. We introduce two new experimentally obtained parameters which allow the determination of a shape measure to describe the spatial distribution of the fluorescent dye. This becomes possible by independent measurements with different excitation wavelengths. As an example, we present shape parameter measurements on individual fluorescent microspheres with a nominal geometrical diameter (“size”) of 190 nm. In the case investigated, the experimental shape correlated well with a homogeneous fluorochrome distribution (“spherical shape”) but not with a variety of other “shapes”.     

超浸润形状记忆海绵的制备及油-水分离性能

基于反式 1,4-聚异戊二烯(TPI)的形状记忆性能, 以聚氨酯海绵为基底, 包覆TPI制备出了一种具有疏水超亲油特性的三维多孔形状记忆海绵. 由于这种海绵具有良好的形状记忆特性, 可以通过反复按压/恢复过程, 实现对海绵孔径在微米尺寸(约875 μm)与纳米尺寸(约450 nm)间可逆调控. 利用材料特殊的浸润特征及其可控的孔尺寸, 进一步研究了其在油-水分离中的应用. 研究结果表明, 微米尺寸大孔径海绵有利于对不相溶油-水混合物进行快速高效分离, 而纳米尺寸小孔径海绵则有利于对乳液混合物进行分离, 实现了同一材料同时满足不相溶油-水混合物及乳液体系的分离要求.     

区间值晕集与区间值模糊集

讨论四种形式区间值晕集的性质,并利用晕集对区间值模糊集的隶属函数与运算进行重新刻画。     

How electrons guard the space: shape optimization with probability distribution criteria

Efficient formulas for computing the probabilities of finding exactly electrons in an arbitrarily chosen volume ³ for Hartree–Fock wavefunctions are presented. These formulas allow the use of shape optimization techniques, such as level set methods, for optimizing with respect to various criteria involving such probabilities. The criterion defined as the difference between the Hartree–Fock and the independent-particle model probabilities of finding electrons in stresses the quantum effects due to the Pauli principle. We have implemented a 2D level set method for optimizing this criterion in order to study spatial separation of electron pairs in linear molecules. The method is described and the illustrative example of the BH molecule is reported.Contribution to the Jacopo Tomasi Honorary Issue     

Preparation of body-temperature-triggered shape-memory polyurethane with biocompatibility using isosorbide and castor oil

Shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) have attracted much attention in the biomedical field because they can easily control the transition temperature (T_trans) to shape memory and are biocompatible. In this study, a shape memory polyurethane with both biocompatibility and a T_trans close to the body temperature was synthesized by using natural derivatives of isosorbide and castor oil in place of petroleum-based materials. Isosorbide and castor oil were used to form net points, and polycaprolactone diol (PCL diol) acted as the switching segment. The synthesized four polyurethane (PCL diol/isosorbide/castor oil, PICU-1, 2, 3, 4) with different isosorbide contents exhibited desired thermal and mechanical properties. In the thermo-cyclic shape memory testing experiment, the PICU series demonstrated good shape memory property, with more than 95% shape recovery ratio (R_r) and more than 90% shape fixity ratio (R_f), and PICU-3 recovered its shape within 20 s in a 37 °C water bath. In addition, the PICU series proved to be safe materials with excellent biocompatibility, as indicated by the observed C2C12 cells viability and proliferation. The stent made with the PICU-3 film showed near complete magnetization at 37 °C within 18 s and proved to be a suitable self-expanding stent.     

Molecular Shape Analysis of a Maillard Reaction Intermediate

Abstract

The Maillard (browning) reaction involving the polycondensation of sugars and amino acids is believed to be an important abiotic pathway for humic substance formation in nature. However, a major drawback is that the Maillard reaction is extremely slow at temperatures encountered under normal environmental conditions. In order to elucidate some details of this process molecular shape analysis was applied to investigate the initial reaction between D-glucose and glycine to form the Amadori compound fructosylglycine which is an intermediate product in the Maillard reaction. The structure of the Amadori compound was optimized at a quantum mechanical level and its ground state electron energy calculated. Molecular Iso-Density Contours (MIDCO's), electron density contour surfaces of constant electron density, were constructed for D-glucose, glycine and fructosylglycine in order to study the steric conditions for the reaction. The calculations indicate that the Amadori compound and water on one hand and the separate entities D-glucose and glycine on the other hand are very similiar to each other in terms of their ground state energy. This agrees with the experimental observation that the reaction between D-glucose and glycine to form the Amadori compound is slow.     

A strain-fiber actuator by use of shape memory alloy spring

A strain-fiber actuator by use of shape memory alloy spring is proposed and experimentally investigated. The shape memory alloy actuator with a diameter of 0.3 mm and length of 2 mm was driven by a DC power supply of 7 V to persist for 5 s. The deformation and the strain ratio were found to be 60 μm and 3%, respectively. To apply the actuator to strain a fiber Bragg grating, we obtained a tunable spectrum width of 50 nm around the wavelength of 1550 nm for optical communication.