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11.
Morvan Salez Pascal Febvre William R. Mcgrath Bruce Bumble Henry G. Leduc 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》1994,15(2):349-368
A waveguide SIS heterodyne receiver using a Nb/AlOX/Nb junction has been built for astronomical observations of molecular transitions in the frequency range 600 GHz - 635 GHz, and has been successfully used at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO). We report double sideband (DSB) receiver noise temperatures as low as 245 K at 600 GHz -610 GHz, and near 300 K over the rest of the bandwidth. These results confirm that SIS quasiparticle mixers work well at submillimeter-wave frequencies corresponding to photon energies of at least 90% of the superconductor energy gap. In addition, we have systematically investigated the effect on the receiver performance of the overlap between first-order and second-order photon steps of opposite sign at these frequencies. The receiver noise increases by as much as 40% in the region of overlap. We infer potential limitations for operating submillimeter-wave Nb/AlOx/Nb mixers. 相似文献
12.
Sudip Samanta 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2017,40(5):1679-1695
In the present paper, an epidemic model has been proposed and analyzed to investigate the impact of awareness program and reporting delay in the epidemic outbreak. Awareness programs induce behavioral changes within the population, and divide the susceptible class into two subclasses, aware susceptible and unaware susceptible. The existence and the stability criteria of the equilibrium points are obtained in terms of the basic reproduction number. Considering time delay as the bifurcating parameter, the Hopf bifurcation analysis has been performed around the endemic equilibrium. The direction of the Hopf bifurcation and the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions are investigated by using the normal form theory and central manifold theorem. To verify the analytical results, comprehensive numerical simulations are carried out. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
Aadil Lahrouz Adel Settati Mohamed El Fatini Abdessamad Tridane 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2021,44(1):1137-1146
In this paper, we aim to analyze the classical SIS epidemic model with a generalized force of infection (including nonmonotonic cases), where the transmission rate is perturbed by white noise. Using Feller's test for explosions, we prove that the disease dies out with probability one without any restriction on the model parameters. 相似文献
14.
P. Pütz A. Hedden P. Gensheimer D. Golish C. E. Groppi C. Kulesa G. Narayanan A. Lichtenberger J. W. Kooi N. Wadefalk S. Weinreb C. K. Walker 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2006,27(10):1365-1379
We report on heterodyne measurements at submillimeter wavelengths using a receiver with a Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor
(SIS) mixer device and a Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit (MMIC) cryogenic low noise amplifier (LNA) module integrated
into the same block. The mixer characterization presented in this work demonstrates the feasibility of operating a MMIC LNA
in close proximity to the SIS device without penalty in mixer performance due to heating effects. Verification of this functionality
is crucial for the ongoing development of SuperCam, a 64-pixel focal plane array receiver consisting of eight, 1 × 8 integrated
mixer/LNA modules. The test setup included a mixer block modified to accept a MMIC amplifier. Our tests show that the LNA
can be operated over a broad range of Vdrain voltages from 0.40–1.40 V, corresponding to dissipative powers of 2.6–29 mW. We observe no significant effect on the measured
uncorrected receiver noise temperatures in the 345 GHz band. 相似文献
15.
In this paper, we consider an SIS epidemic reaction–diffusion model with spontaneous infection and logistic source in a heterogeneous environment. The uniform bounds of solutions are established, and the global asymptotic stability of the constant endemic equilibrium is discussed in the case of homogeneous environment. This paper aims to analyze the asymptotic profile of endemic equilibria (when it exists) as the diffusion rate of the susceptible or infected population is small or large. Our results on this new model reveal that varying total population and spontaneous infection can enhance persistence of infectious disease, which may provide some implications on disease control and prediction. 相似文献
16.
This work focuses on optimal controls of a class of stochastic SIS epidemic models under regime switching. By assuming that a decision maker can influence the infectivity period, our aim is to minimize the expected discounted cost due to illness, medical treatment, and the adverse effect on the society. In addition, a model with the incorporation of vaccination is proposed. Numerical schemes are developed by approximating the continuous-time dynamics using Markov chain approximation methods. It is demonstrated that the approximation schemes converge to the optimal strategy as the mesh size goes to zero. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate our results. 相似文献
17.
Kecheng Xiao Hideo Ogawa Hideo Suzuki Yasuo Fukui 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》1998,19(1):15-31
A heterodyne receiver based on a 1/3 reduced height rectangular waveguide SIS mixer with two mechanical tuners has been built for astronomical observations of molecular transitions in the 230 GHz frequency band. The mixer used an untuned array (RnCj3, Rn70 ) of four Nb/AIOx/Nb tunnel junctions in series as a nonlinear mixing element. A reasonable balance between the input and output coupling efficiencies has been obtained by choosing the junction number N=4. The receiver exhibits DSB (Double Side Band) noise temperature around 50 K over a frequency range of more than 10 GHz centered at 230 GHz. The lowest system noise temperature of 38 K has been recorded at 232.5 GHz. Mainly by adjusting the subwaveguide backshort, the SSB (Single Side Band) operation with image rejection of 15 dB is obtained with the noise temperature as low as 50 K. In addition, the noise contribution from each receiver component has been studied further. The minimum SIS mixer noise temperature is estimated as 15 K, pretty close to the quantum limit v/k11 K at 230 GHz. It is believed that the receiver noise temperatures presented are the lowest yet reported for a 230 GHz receiver using untuned junctions. 相似文献
18.
SIS-PAn导电橡胶复合物的制备和性能 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用原位聚合方法在SIS(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)橡胶基体中合成聚苯胺(PAn),可形成均匀复合的SIS-PAn导电橡胶膜.成膜后紧朝玻璃的膜面导电,而朝向空气的膜面却绝缘.膜中PAn的含量只有5.8%(质量分数)或An/SIS的投料比为0.2时,导电复合物膜的表面电阻和导电率即可分别达到300Ω/□和0.07S·cm~(-1)分析了制备条件,包括PAn含量、酸量、氧化剂用量、表面活性剂用量、交联剂用量和模具材料等因素对SIS-PAn复合物导电性能的影响. 相似文献
19.
超导SIS(Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor)混频技术是新兴的低噪声检测技术.其卓越的低噪声性能已使其成为毫米波和亚毫米波频段灵敏度最高的谱线接收设备,接收机的自动控制和稳定性有更高的要求,研制能够长期稳定工作的接收机有很重要的意义.本文主要讨论了我们自行研究设计工作在4K温度,准光学系统的毫米波超导SIS接收机的组成部件,根据我们制备的超导SIS隧道结器件的特性指标,计算设计了300GHz波段的超导接收机天线和结的集成芯片. 相似文献
20.
In this paper, we study epidemic spreading on random surfer networks with infected avoidance(IA) strategy. In particular, we consider that susceptible individuals' moving direction angles are affected by the current location information received from infected individuals through a directed information network. The model is mainly analyzed by discrete-time numerical simulations. The results indicate that the IA strategy can restrain epidemic spreading effectively. However,when long-distance jumps of individuals exist, the IA strategy's effectiveness on restraining epidemic spreading is heavily reduced. Finally, it is found that the influence of the noises from information transferring process on epidemic spreading is indistinctive. 相似文献