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51.
Random walk properties and correlation factors for diffusion via the vacancy mechanism are calculated and compared for various three-dimensional lattices. By applying the theory of random walks on an imperfect lattice, the correlation factor for impurity diffusion is calculated rigorously for the five jump frequency model in the fee lattice.Presented at the Symposium on Random Walks, Gaithersburg, MD, June 1982.  相似文献   
52.
Poly(propylene adipate) (PPA) and poly(propylene isophthalate/adipate) (PPI-PPA) random copolymers of various compositions were synthesized in bulk and characterized in terms of chemical structure and molecular weight. Furthermore, the thermal behavior was examined by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. All the polymers showed a good thermal stability. At room temperature they appeared as semicrystalline materials, except the copolymers containing 20 and 30 mol% of PI units: the main effect of copolymerization was a lowering in the amount of crystallinity and a decrease of melting temperature with respect to homopolymers. The crystalline phase of PPI and PPA was evidenced at high content of propylene isophthalate or propylene adipate units, respectively. Amorphous samples were obtained after melt quenching and an increment of Tg as the content of PI units is increased was observed. This behavior was explained as due to the stiff phenylene groups in the polymeric chain. The Wood equation was found to describe well Tg-composition data. Lastly, the presence of a rigid-amorphous phase was evidenced in the copolymers, differently from PPA homopolymer.  相似文献   
53.
Consider a (complex) Banach spaceX, such thatX CO, and vectors(X i ) i ofX. Consider an independent standard normal sequence(g i ) i . Then if anX-valued random Fourier series |k| n e ikt g k x k satisfies
  相似文献   
54.
Rare numbers     
Suppose thatX 1,X 2,... is a sequence of iid random variables taking values inZ +. Consider the random sequenceA(X)(X 1,X 2,...). LetY n be the number of integers which appear exactly once in the firstn terms ofA(X). We investigate the limit behavior ofn –(1–) Y n for [0, 1].  相似文献   
55.
Consider a simple random walk on d whose sites are colored black or white independently with probabilityq, resp. 1–q. Walk and coloring are independent. Letn k be the number of steps by the walk between itskth and (k+1) th visits to a black site (i.e., the length of itskth white run), and let k =E(n k )–q –1. Our main result is a proof that (*) lim k k d/2 k = (1 –q)q d/2 – 2(d/2) d/2. Since it is known thatq – 1 k =E(n 1 n k + 1 B) –E(n 1 B)E(n k + 1 B), withB the event that the origin is black, (*) exhibits a long-time tail in the run length autocorrelation function. Numerical calculations of k (1k100) ind=1, 2, and 3 show that there is an oscillatory behavior of k for smallk. This damps exponentially fast, following which the power law sets in fairly rapidly. We prove that if the coloring is not independent, but is convex in the sense of FKG, then the decay of k cannot be faster than (*).  相似文献   
56.
We analyze various processes where particles are added irreversibly and sequentially at the sites of infinite ladders or broader strips (i.e., on terraces) of adsorption sites. For sufficiently narrow strips or ladders, exact solution in closed form is possible for a variety of processes. Often this is most naturally achieved by mapping the process onto an equivalent one-dimensional process typically involvingcompetitive adsorption. We demonstrate this procedure for sequential adsorption with nearest-neighbor exclusion on a 2× square ladder. For other select processes on strips slightly too broad for exact solution, almost exact analysis is possible exploiting an empty-site shielding property. In this way, we determine a jamming coverage of 0.91556671 for random sequential adsorption of dimers on a 2× square ladder. For broader strips, we note that the complexity of these problems quickly approaches that for × lattices.  相似文献   
57.
iPP/sPP, iPP/rPP, iPP/PVDF and iPP/PA-6 blends, and their β-nucleated forms were prepared in the present study. The components of iPP/sPP and iPP/rPP blends are compatible in the molten state. The phase structure of the melt of iPP/PVDF and iPP/PA-6 blends is heterogeneous. The melting and crystallisation characteristics as well as the structure and polymorphic composition of these blends were studied by polarised light microscopy (PLM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). When semicrystalline polymers are added to iPP, the most important factor of the formation a blend with β-crystalline phase is the α-nucleation effect of the second polymer. In the case of polymers with an α-nucleating effect, the temperature range of their crystallisation should be lower than that of β-iPP. β-nucleated iPP/PVDF and iPP/PA-6 blends are extreme examples showing that completely β-iPP matrix can not form even in the presence of a highly effective β-nucleant, because of the strong α-nucleating ability and higher crystallisation temperature range of PVDF and PA-6. We found that the β-crystallisation tendency of random propylene copolymers can be enhanced by adding an iPP homopolymer.  相似文献   
58.
In spite of Sinai's result that the decay of the velocity autocorrelation function for a random walk on d (d=2) can drastically change if local impurities are present, it is shown that local impurities can not abolish weak convergence to the Brownian motion if d2.  相似文献   
59.
随机模糊集与随机集   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2  
本文研究了三个方面的工作:一是定义了一种模糊集上的可测结构,从而定义了随机模糊集,这些定义都与论域X上的拓扑结构无关。将通常意义下的集合看成特殊模糊集得到的通常集合上的超可测结构与文(3)中的定义一致;二是给出了随机模糊集、随机集的一些等价条件;三是研究了随机模糊集、随机集的分布与其有限维落影族的关系。  相似文献   
60.
虫害检测算法研究是开展虫害快速、准确监测,制定精准森防检疫措施的重要基础。以毛竹叶片为研究尺度,基于刚竹毒蛾危害下的寄主外部形态与内部生理现象总结,选择并实测叶损量LL、相对叶绿素含量RCC、相对含水量RWC、原始光谱的733.66~898.56 nm值(ρ733.66~898.56)、一阶微分光谱的562.95~585.25 nm值(ρ562.95~585.25)与706.18~725.41 nm值(ρ706.18~725.41)等理化参数,随机划分实验组(63组)和验证组(37组)并设计5次重复实验;分别运用Fisher判别分析、BP神经网络、随机森林等三种方法建立刚竹毒蛾危害等级的检测模型,从检测精度、Kappa系数及R2等指标对模型的检测效果予以分析和比较。结果显示,Fisher判别分析、BP神经网络、随机森林的检测精度分别为69.19%,65.41%,83.78%,Kappa系数分别为0.576 9,0.532 4和0.778 8,R2分别为0.722 2,0.582 6和0.870 9,总体而言,三种方法均具备刚竹毒蛾危害的检测能力,随机森林的检测效果最优,Fisher判别分析次之,再次为BP神经网络;从分等级来看,随机森林的检测精度亦优于Fisher判别分析与BP神经网络,但3种方法对中度危害等级的检测精度均有所不足。该成果可为刚竹毒蛾危害及其他病虫害检测算法的选择提供参考,并为进一步建立冠层、遥感影像像元等尺度的虫害检测模型奠定基础。  相似文献   
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