Thermodynamics Properties of the Inner Horizon of?a?Kerr-Newman Black Hole

In this paper, we study the thermal properties of the inner horizon of a Kerr-Newman black hole. By adopting Damour-Ruffini method and the thin film model which is developed on the base of brick wall model suggested by ’t Hooft, we calculate the temperature and the entropy of the inner horizon of a Kerr-Newman black hole. We conclude that the temperature of inner horizon is positive and the entropy of the inner horizon is proportional to the area of the inner horizon. The cut-off factor is same as it in calculation of the entropy of the outer horizon, 90β. In addition, we write the integral and differential Bekenstein-Smarr formula as the parameters of the inner horizon. Then, we discuss that if the contribution of the inner horizon is taken into account to the total entropy of the black hole, the Nernst theorem can be satisfied. At last, We calculate the tunneling rate of the outer horizon Γ₊ and the inner horizon Γ₋. The total tunneling rate Γ should be the product of the rates of the outer and inner horizon, Γ=Γ₊⋅Γ₋. We find that the total tunneling rate is in agreement with the Parikh’s standard result, Γ→exp (ΔS _BH ), and there is no information loss.     

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??A class of backward doubly stochastic differential equations driven by white noises and Poisson random measures are studied in this paper. The definitions of solutions and Yamada-Watanabe type theorem to this equation are established.     

Development of boundary element method to dynamic problems for porous media

Biot's consolidation theory is extended to a general class of viscoelastic bodies defined by Riemann-Stieltjes integral convolutions. From a new reciprocity theorem, proved for the governing equations including the inertia terms, the basic integral representations of the displacement fields and pore pressure are obtained. It is shown that, in the absence of internal inputs, a formulation of the dynamic problem in terms of the boundary unknown fields only is possible.     

The least slope of a convex function and the maximal monotonicity of its subdifferential

In this paper, we give a direct proof of Rockafellar's result that the subdifferential of a proper convex lower-semicontinuous function on a Banach space is maximal monotone. Our proof is simpler than those that have appeared to date. In fact, we show that Rockafellar's result can be embedded in a more general situation in which we can quantify the degree of failure of monotonicity in terms of a quotient like the one that appears in the definition of Fréchet differentiability. Our analysis depends on the concepts of the least slope of a convex function, which is related to the steepest descent of optimization theory.The author would like to express his thanks to R. R. Phelps for reading a preliminary version of this paper and making some very valuable suggestions.     

EXISTENCE AND UNIQUENESS THEOREMS FOR HIGHER-ORDER BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS

An existence and uniqueness of solutions for boundary value problemsandare established, by employing a priori estimates for all solutions and the Schau-der fixed point theorem. Some of these results extend earlier results due toUsmani(1979), Yang(1988), and Pei(1997).     

The heat kernel and Hardy’s theorem on symmetric spaces of noncompact type

For symmetric spaces of noncompact type we prove an analogue of Hardy’s theorem which characterizes the heat kernel in terms of its order of magnitude and that of its Fourier transform.     

Compression-expansion fixed point theorem in two norms and applications

In this paper we present a two-norms version of Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem in cones. The abstract result is then applied to prove the existence of positive Lp solutions of Hammerstein integral equations with better integrability properties on the kernels.     

一类非局部Cahn-Hilliard方程弱解的存在唯一性

研究一类对流非局部Cahn-Hilliard方程的Neumann问题.通过一致Schauder估计和Leray-Schauder不动点定理,得到了该问题经典解的存在唯一性.进而,利用弱收敛方法得到了该问题弱解的存在唯一性.     

On Positive Random Objects

The idea of defining the expectation of a random variable as its integral with respect to a probability measure is extended to certain lattice-valued random objects and basic results of integration theory are generalized. Conditional expectation is defined and its properties are developed. Lattice valued martingales are also studied and convergence of sub- and supermartingales and the Optional Sampling Theorem are proved. A martingale proof of the Strong Law of Large Numbers is given. An extension of the lattice is also studied. Studies of some applications, such as on random compact convex sets in R ⁿ and on random positive upper semicontinuous functions, are carried out, where the generalized integral is compared with the classical definition. The results are also extended to the case where the probability measure is replaced by a -finite measure.     

Towards dynamic control of magnetic fields to focus magnetic carriers to targets deep inside the body

Magnetic drug delivery has the potential to target therapy to specific regions in the body, improving efficacy and reducing side effects for treatment of cancer, stroke, infection, and other diseases. Using stationary external magnets, which attract the magnetic drug carriers, this treatment is limited to shallow targets (<5 cm below skin depth using the strongest possible, still safe, practical magnetic fields). We consider dynamic magnetic actuation and present initial results that show it is possible to vary magnets one against the other to focus carriers between them on average. The many remaining tasks for deep targeting in-vivo are then briefly noted.