拉曼Mapping研究白云鄂博萤石型稀土矿物赋存特征及分布规律

白云鄂博矿以资源丰富、储量巨大而闻名。其中独居石矿物是主要稀土原料之一,在冶金、军事、化工材料等领域都有广泛的应用。前人已经对白云鄂博矿物学特征进行了充分的研究,随着开采深度的增加,原生矿物增多,对现阶段稀土矿物赋存状态有待深入了解。利用拉曼Mapping成像技术结合扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)与能谱议（energy dispersive spectrometer, EDS）方法,能够对白云鄂博共伴生矿物赋存特征进行更深的研究。EDS与能谱结果显示：矿物扫描区由萤石、重晶石、独居石、磷灰石和铁矿物构成。拉曼Mapping分析显示：显微共聚焦图下扫描基底为萤石矿物（CaF₂）,拉曼特征峰普遍出现在220～650 cm-1,与已知文献报道的萤石拉曼峰略有不同。较大颗粒为重晶石矿物（BaSO₄）,为典型的硫酸盐矿物。中等颗粒大小为独居石矿物（Ce,La,Nd）PO₄,细小颗粒集中区为磷灰石矿物（Ca₅[PO₄]₃F）。虽然独居石与磷灰石都为典型的磷酸盐矿物且具有相同磷酸根结构,但由于外部金属阳离子的结合种类不同,其拉曼峰位也不相同。拉曼Mapping结合EDS分析矿物的赋存特征及分布规律关系为：独居石呈板状或块状分布在重晶石与磷灰石中间或磷灰石与萤石矿物之间,粒度约为50～120 μm。重晶石矿物颗粒较粗呈块状集合体分布,颗粒大小为50～200 μm,常与独居石共生,矿物颗粒紧密生长。磷灰石呈细粒状或块状,星散分布在独居石与重晶石周围,类似侵染分布在萤石中。少量磷灰石颗粒与独居石相互交代成不规则共生体,大部分磷灰石呈单体分布在矿物之间。萤石矿物中富集最多,占比约55%,与独居石、重晶石、磷灰石、铁矿物伴生。从赋存状态上判断形成时期应早于其他伴生矿物。对矿物成因复杂,共伴生矿物极多白云鄂博矿床。EDS虽能分析矿物学基本关系,但独居石与重晶石矿物中的能谱图部分重合。是由于能谱扫描Ba,S与稀土元素Ce,La,Nd时激发能量线系太相近以及能谱分辨率较低。利用Mapping成像技术对于矿物鉴定上具有简单、可靠的优点,可以弥补EDS分析误判拉曼Mapping为矿物学分析提供一种新的鉴别思路,同时也为白云鄂博矿物的鉴定提供了参考性的拉曼光谱。     

A mixed scrambling operation for hiding image

A mixed scrambling operation is defined by the use of Arnold transform and Baker mapping. Following a designed sequence, the combined scrambling operation is utilized for changing the pixel position of secret image under the control of a random matrix. At the same time, the pixel value is altered by random bit shift for obtaining an encrypted image encoded in N-bit data. The operations mentioned above are employed for all pixels of original secret image. Finally an encrypted image is obtained and encoded into N-bit data being from the input image. Some numerical simulations have been achieved for checking the performance of the image hiding scheme.     

Body Temperature Mapping by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

There are numerous clinical situations, such as hyperthermia cancer therapy, under which body temperature has to be accurately evaluated. Magnetic Resonance Imaging presently offers the best set of non-invasive methods for body temperature mapping, including diffusion imaging, relaxation time measurement, magnetization transfer contrast and chemical shift spectroscopic imaging. The basic NMR parameters involved in each are first analyzed. The role of temperature in their physical variation is then presented and finally the different practical MRI methods are briefly discussed. In the present slate of available technology and for basic physical reasons, the T 1 method appears the best compromise at low and medium magnetic field in a limited temperature range. Chemical shift could be theoretically more promising but strictly depends from the homogeneity and stability of the magnet and will be available only at high or very high field.

     

广义p-Laplace算子相关的非线性边值问题解的存在性

本文首先把p-Laplace算子推广为广义p-Laplace算子,然后利用非线性增生映射值域的扰动理论研究了与广义p-Laplace算子相关的具有牛曼边值的非线性椭圆问题在LP(Ω)空间中解的存在性,其中2≤p< ∞．本文所讨论的方程及所用的方法是对以往一些工作的补充和延续．     

Stability of efficiency evaluations in data envelopment analysis

Efficiency evaluations in data envelopment analysis are shown to be stable for arbitrary perturbations in the convex hulls of input and output data. Also, the corresponding restricted Lagrange multiplier functions are shown to be continuous. The results are proved using point-to-set mappings and a particular region of stability from input optimization.Research partly supported by National Science Foundation Grants, Office of Naval Research Grant, and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada.     

On λ[S] Semigroup of Semigroup

Wehaveintroducedσconstructionofrings[1],[2]withhomomorphismofmodulesofringsinringtheoryanddiscussedsomerelationsbetweenringRand[R]σandRσ.Thecongruencesandidealsareequevalent,sohomomorphismsandidealsarecorrespondingonebyoneinringtheory;buthomomorphismsandidealsarenotequevalentinsemigrouptheory,homomor-phismsandcongreuncesarecorrespondingonebyone,thekernerofhomomorphismsisacon-greunces,hencethediscussionofsimilarproblemsinringtheoryandsemigrouptheoryhasgreatdifference.Firstweintroducethenoti…     

Three-step iterations for nonlinear accretive operator equations

In this paper, we suggest and analyze a three-step iterative scheme for solving nonlinear strongly accretive operator equation Tx=f without continuous condition in a uniformly smooth Banach space. Our results include the Ishikawa, Mann and Noor iterations as special cases. The results presented in this paper improve and extend almost all the current results in the more general setting.     

集值非扩张映象列迭代过程的收敛性及不动点

本文讨论了集值非扩张映象列的Ishikawa迭代过程的收敛性及确保迭代过程收敛到公共不动点的条件．所得结果是单值非扩张映射情形的推广和发展．     

具有相交性质的近小扭转映射的不变环面的保持性

In this paper we investigate the nearly small twist mappings with intersection property. With a certain non-degenerate condition, we proved that the most of invariant tori of the original small twist mappings will survive afer small perturtations. The persisted invariant tori are close to the unperturbed ones when the perturbation are small. The orbits reduced by those mappings are quasi-periodic in the invariant tori with the frequences closing to the original ones.     

一类螺旋映射的增长与掩盖定理

In this paper,we deduce growth and covering theorem for f(x)by the other means,where f(x)is strongly spiral-like mapping of typeβwith orderαdefined on Unit Ball B of complex Banach space,and still give growth upper bound and distortion upper bound for subordinate mapping.