Enantioselective synthesis of (1S,4R)-N-(benzylcarbamoyl)-4-aminocyclopent-2-en-1-ol by Candida antarctica lipase B

An efficient biocatalytic process has been developed to obtain optically pure (1S,4R)-N-(benzylcarbamoyl)- 4-aminocyclopent-2-en-1-ol which can be used as the key intermediate of ticagrelor. In this research, several N-(benzylcarbamoyl)-4-aminocyclopent-2-en-1-ol derivatives have been investigated in which Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was used to catalyze the asymmetric hydrolysis reaction. As expected, some of these substrates successfully gave (1S,4R)-N-(benzylcarbamoyl)-4-aminocyclopent- 2-en-1-ol in >98% enantiomeric excess (ee) with conversion yields up to 45%.     

Simultaneous determination of naphazoline and pyridoxine in eye drops using excitation–emission matrix fluorescence coupled with second-order calibration method based on alternating trilinear decomposition algorithm

A novel method is developed for the direct determination of naphazoline hydrochloride(NAP) and pyridoxine hydrochloride(VB6) in commercial eye drops. By using excitation–emission matrix(EEM)fluorescence coupled with second-order calibration method based on the alternating trilinear decomposition(ATLD) algorithm, the proposed approach can achieve quantitative analysis successfully even in the presence of unknown and uncalibrated interferences. The method shows good linearity for NAP and VB6 with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. The results were in good agreement with the labeled contents. To further confirm the feasibility and reliability of the proposed method, the same batch samples were analyzed by multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) based on LC–MS/MS method.T-test demonstrated that there are no significant differences between the prediction results of the two methods. The satisfactory results obtained in this work indicate that the use of the second-order calibration method coupled with the EEM is a promising tool for industrial quality control and pharmaceutical analysis due to its advantages of high sensitivity, low-cost and simple implementation.     

ITQ-13分子筛合成及酸性的DFT理论计算研究

以氢氧化已烷双铵(R(OH)2)和溴化六甲双铵(HMBr2)为模板剂分别合成了ITQ-13、B-ITQ-13、Al-ITQ-13分子筛,采用XRD、SEM-EDX、N2吸附-脱附、FT-IR、MAS NMR等手段对合成的分子筛进行表征,比较了两种模板剂合成的ITQ-13分子筛的性质,以溴化六甲双铵(HMBr2)为模板剂,在碱性加晶种的条件下,反应3~10 d合成出了ITQ-13以及含杂原子B、Al的ITQ-13分子筛,降低了合成的成本.以溴化六甲双铵为模板剂合成的ITQ-13晶貌有块状和球形针状堆积混合晶貌组成,孔道宽,晶粒因堆积形成的介孔居多.量子力学中的密度泛函理论(DFT)计算Ge、B、Al同晶取代Si在ITQ-13分子筛9个不同T位的分布,T5位对于ITQ-13分子筛的特殊骨架结构形成具有重要作用,对于骨架的电荷平衡以及几何约束力都有重要作用.Al原子容易替代的位置是位于九元环和十元环孔口相交处的T6、T7位.     

可见光驱动Ag3PO4催化降解罗丹明B和甲基橙

采用简易离子交换法制备可见光驱动Ag3PO4光催化剂.通过X射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜、N2吸附-脱附、紫外-可见漫反射光谱及傅里叶变换红外光谱对所制备的Ag3PO4催化剂进行表征.结果表明,在可见光照射下,Ag3PO4催化剂对罗丹明B降解表现出优越的光催化活性,但对甲基橙的降解活性低,这归因于Ag3PO4催化剂对甲基橙分子吸附量低.可见光照Ag3PO4反应体系中,空穴和超氧自由基共同发挥作用导致罗丹明B和甲基橙光催化降解.在罗丹明B的协助作用下,Ag3PO4催化剂对甲基橙的可见光催化降解活性大大增强,这是由于罗丹明B的存在可产生更多的超氧自由基,从而使甲基橙进一步降解.     

可见光响应的CO3(PO4)2/Ag3PO4纳米复合光催化剂的制备及表征

采用简单的化学偏聚法合成出Ag3PO4纳米颗粒、磷酸钴(Co3(PO4)2,CoP)纳米片以及它们两者的纳米复合结构(CoP/Ag3PO4),同时还比较了它们的可见光催化活性.采用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱以及光致发光谱等手段对其形貌、结构、光学以及可见光催化性能等进行表征.结果表明,CoP/Ag3PO4复合纳米结构的可见光降解甲基橙(MO)的速率和循环稳定性均明显优于其它两种物质.这表明CoP应该起着共催化剂的作用,它能够抑制光生电子与空穴之间的复合,并且提供大量高活性的光生空穴.此外,我们还发现CoP/Ag3PO4降解另一种阳离子型染料——罗丹明B(RhB)的能力则远不如纯Ag3PO4,这可能是与光催化剂的表面性质发生改变有关,造成更低的RhB吸附能力.本文提供了一种廉价制备高效可见光催化剂的新方法.     

光化学柱后衍生–高效液相色谱法测定婴幼儿营养米粉中的黄曲霉毒素B1

建立婴幼儿营养米粉中黄曲霉毒素B1的高效液相色谱荧光检测器测定方法。样品以甲醇–水(体积比70∶30)溶液匀质提取,过黄曲霉毒素B1免疫层析亲和柱净化,经CNW Athena C18色谱柱分离和光化学柱后衍生反应器衍生后,用带有荧光检测器的高效液相色谱仪测定。采用峰面积外标法定量黄曲霉毒素B1含量。黄曲霉毒素B1在0～10μg/L的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 8,检出限为0.25μg/kg。在3个添加水平下加标回收率为97.7%～106.9%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.7%(n=6)。该方法的灵敏度、准确度、精密度均符合黄曲霉毒素B1的检测技术要求,适用于婴幼儿营养米粉中黄曲霉毒素B1的日常检测。     

Covalent immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B on nanopolystyrene and its application to microwave-assisted esterification

Nanopolystyrene was used as a solid support for the covalent immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) using the photoreactive reagent 1-fluoro-2-nitro-4-azido benzene (FNAB) as a coupling reagent. The obtained derivative was then used as a biocatalyst in a microwave assisted esterification experiment. Factors such as contact time, pH, and enzyme concentration were investigated during immobilization. The hydrolytic activity, thermal, and operational stability of immobilized-CalB were determined. The maximum immobilized yield (218 μg/mg support) obtained at pH 6.8 exhibited optimum hydrolytic activity (4.42 × 10³ mU p-nitrophenol/min). The thermal stability of CalB improved significantly when it was immobilized at pH 10, however, the immobilized yield was very low (93.6 μg/mg support). The immobilized-CalB prepared at pH 6.8 and pH 10 retained 50% of its initial activity after incubation periods of 14 and 16 h, respectively, at 60 ℃. The operational stability was investigated for the microwave assisted esterification of oleic acid with methanol. Immobilized-CalB retained 50% of its initial activity after 15 batch cycles in the microwave-assisted esterification. The esterification time was notably reduced under microwave irradiation. The combined use of a biocatalyst and microwave heating is thus an alternative total green synthesis process.     

利用无标记的分子信标及核酸染料SYBR Green Ⅰ检测乙肝病毒

本文以野生型的乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)核酸片段为研究对象,利用无标记的分子信标及核酸染料SYBR Green I,建立了一种高灵敏、高选择性的特定序列核酸检测方法.在优化条件下,目标DNA浓度为4×10-11~400×10-11 mol/L之间时,SYBR Green I的荧光强度(ΔI)与目标DNA的浓度(C)具有良好的线性关系,其拟合的回归方程为ΔI=1.9556 C+31.4659(R2=0.9956),方法检测限(3ζ)为2×10-11 mol/L.该方法操作简单、检测速度快、灵敏度高、重现性好、检出限低.利用该方法,结合不对称PCR技术,实现了对HBV的定量检测.     

Experimental validation of an effective carbon number-based approach for the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry quantification of ‘compounds lacking authentic standards or surrogates’

For the quantitative analysis of ‘compounds lacking authentic standards or surrogates’ (CLASS) in environmental media, we previously introduced an effective carbon number (ECN) approach to develop an empirical equation for the prediction of their response factor (RF). In this research, a series of laboratory experiments were carried out to benchmark the reliability of an ECN approach for sorbent tube/thermal desorption/gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry (MS) applications. First, the ECN values were determined using external calibration data from 25 reference volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using two MS dectectors (quadrupole (Q) and time-of-flight (TOF)). Then, a certified standard mixture of 54 VOCs was analyzed by each system as a simulated unknown sample. The analytical bias, assessed in terms of percentage difference (PD) between the certified and ECN-predicted mass values, averaged 19.2 ± 16.1% (TOF-MS) and 28.2 ± 27.6% (Q-MS). The bias using a more simplified carbon number (CN)-based prediction increased considerably, yielding 53.4 ± 53.3% (TOF-MS) and 61.7 ± 81.3% (Q-MS). However, the bias obtained using the ECN-based prediction decreased significantly to yield average PD values of 9.84 ± 7.28% (TOF-MS) and 16.8 ± 8.35% (Q-MS), if the comparison was limited to 26 (out of 54) VOCs with CN ≥ 4 (i.e., 25 aromatics and hexachlorobutadiene).     

Immuno-fluorescence based Vi capsular polysaccharide detection for specific recognition of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in clinical samples

Typhoid fever is a life threatening bacterial infection that remains a major global health concern. This continued high burden associated with significant morbidity and mortality rate demands specific and rapid detection technique. This work reports a new sandwich type fluorescence immunoassay format using polymyxin B, a cationic receptor molecule, as a binder agent while anti-Vi antibody served as the capturing agent for specifically detecting Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Anti-Vi IgG antibody raised against Vi–BSA conjugate revealed affinity of 7.779 nM⁻¹ signifying immunodominancy of O-acetyls groups in Vi polysaccharide. The detection limit of the developed assay was around 10¹ cells mL⁻¹ of Vi expressing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi with a correlation coefficient (R²) equal to 0.97. Positive response obtained for all the tested serovar Typhi clinical isolates as well as the pathogen spiked blood samples recommended specificity and accuracy of Vi antigen as a biomarker during typhoid fever. The intra- and inter-assay precision with Vi spiked samples were satisfactory revealing coefficient of variance (CV%) with a mean of 4.05% and 5.97% respectively. This may be the novel attempt and constructive report on the fluorescence based detection of Vi antigen of serovar Typhi in the epidemic as well as pandemic outbreaks.