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121.
D. Sternik P. Staszczuk J. Pękalska G. Grodzicka B. Gawdzik J. Osypiuk-Tomasik P. Witer 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2006,86(1):85-91
The adsorption of a polar (water)
and a non-polar (n-octane) liquid on silica
gels, modified by adsorption of proteins, has been studied by thermal analysis.
Silica gels with physically adsorbed BSA and ovalbumin layers were used. Thermodesorption
energies were determined from Q-TG and Q-DTG curves recorded under quasi-equilibrium
conditions. Significant differences in liquid desorption were observed from
the surfaces due to heterogeneous changes (energetic and geometrical) as a
result of modification. These results are compared with those obtained for
the samples heated at 160°C for 1 h. 相似文献
122.
P. Staszczuk D. Sternik G. W. Chądzyński E. Robens M. Błachnio 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2006,86(1):133-136
Nitrogen
adsorption measured at 77 K was used to characterize the surface heterogeneity
of high-temperature superconductor surfaces. Properties relating to adsorption
and porosity of the solids (adsorption capacity, specific surface area, radii
and volume of the pores, pore-size distribution function) were determined
from nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and atomic force microscopy
(AFM) for a series of oxide superconductors. It is shown that the adsorption
isotherms of all samples are S-shaped and belong to type II according to the
IUPAC classification. On the basis of the nitrogen adsorption isotherms and
AFM data, fractal dimensions were determined and correlations found with adsorption
and porosity parameters. 相似文献
123.
Jing Liu Ji-jun Wang Ting Li Yong Zhou De-yan Shen Yun Huang Shou-ke Yan State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics Chemistry Institute of Chemistry The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Peking University Beijing China 《高分子科学》2007,(2):207-215
Aggregation process of isotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (i-PMMA) has been studied extensively for many years, and considerable progress has been made in both experimental and theoretical studies. They are, however, seldom sustained by real-space observations of the underlying morphology. In this paper, the aggregation process of i-PMMA in concentrated acetone solutions and the fractal structure of the resulting three-dimensional clusters were characterized on the basis of real-space AFM observations of their two-dimensional projection. It was found that spherical multiple-chain particles formed upon collapse and aggregation of the involving chains as a whole during quenching the solution to room temperature. By keeping the solution at room temperature, the initially formed particles stick together upon contact to form larger particles through reassembling very slowly. The succeeding collision of the enlarged spherical particles leads to the formation of small clusters. These newly formed small clusters grow when they meet with other clusters or single Brownian particles. This leads to the formation of large clusters with fractal dimension of 1.95$±0.05, which suggest a reaction-limited cluster aggregation of i-PMMA in a concentrated acetone solution. This is in accordance with the conclusion obtained by light scattering measurements. 相似文献
124.
Hilal SH Saravanaraj AN Whiteside T Carreira LA 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》2007,21(12):693-708
Mathematical models for predicting the transport and fate of pollutants in the environment require reactivity parameter values
– that is the value of the physical and chemical constants that govern reactivity. Although empirical structure–activity relationships
have been developed that allow estimation of some constants, such relationships are generally valid only within limited families
of chemicals. The computer program, SPARC, uses computational algorithms based on fundamental chemical structure theory to
estimate a large number of chemical reactivity parameters and physical properties for a wide range of organic molecules strictly
from molecular structure. Resonance models were developed and calibrated using measured light absorption spectra, whereas
electrostatic interaction models were developed using measured ionization pKas in water. Solvation models (i.e., dispersion, induction, H-bonding, etc.) have been developed using various measured physical
properties data. At the present time, SPARC’s physical property models can predict vapor pressure and heat of vaporization
(as a function of temperature), boiling point (as a function of pressure), diffusion coefficient (as a function of pressure
and temperature), activity coefficient, solubility, partition coefficient and chromatographic retention time as a function
of solvent and temperature. This prediction capability crosses chemical family boundaries to cover a broad range of organic
compounds. 相似文献
125.
126.
粗糙表面分维计算的立方体覆盖法 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
针对三角形棱柱表面积法和投影覆盖法在计算粗糙表面分形维数中存在的问题,提出了计算粗糙表面分维的立方体覆盖法,对计算结果进行了对比分析,并进一步对表面分维计算中的有关理论问题进行了分析,发现立方体覆盖法作为一种几何意义上的覆盖法,并计算结果比三角形棱柱表面积法和投影覆盖法更接近实际。 相似文献
127.
Soil aggregate stability as a key indicator of soil structure, is a product of interactions between soil environment, management practices, and land use patterns. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of various land use patterns on soil aggregate stability in Sichuan Basin of southwestern China. The dry- and water-stable aggregate size distributions were determined by manual dry sieving procedure and Yoder's wet sieving procedure, respectively, while microaggregates and its mechanical and chemical stabilities by Kachisky's method, oscillator method, and citrate-dithionate (C-D) reagent method, separately. The results indicated that fractal dimension and surface fractal dimension were useful indicators to reflect soil aggregate distribution. Land use patterns have an obvious influence on soil aggregate stability. In the study area, water stability, mechanical stability, and chemical stability followed the sequence, Barren landforestlandorchardcropland, and the original stability and collapse velocity were sensitive to soil properties and soil structure. The difference of aggregate stability under different land use patterns is mainly due to the intensity of human disturbance and cultivation. Improper land use patterns will lead to breakdown of unstable aggregates, producing finer and more-easily transportable particles and microaggregates. In the future, inappropriate cultivation and land use patterns should be changed to protect soil structure, to improve soil aggregate stability and soil fertility in Sichuan Basin. 相似文献
128.
129.
Sibe Marde
i 《Topology and its Applications》1988,30(3):291-306
The well-known factorization theorems for covering dimension dim and compact Hausdorff spaces are here established for the cohomological dimension dim
using a new characterization of dim
In particular, it is proved that every mapping f: X → Y from a compact Hausdorff space X with
to a compact metric space Y admits a factorization f = hg, where g: X → Z, h: Z → Y and Z is a metric compactum with
. These results are applied to the well-known open problem whether
. It is shown that the problem has a positive answer for compact Hausdorff spaces X if and only if it has a positive answer for metric compacta X. 相似文献
130.
Hitting probabilities and the Hausdorff dimension of the inverse images of a class of anisotropic random fields
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Let X = {X(t):t ∈ R~N} be an anisotropic random field with values in R~d.Under certain conditions on X,we establish upper and lower bounds on the hitting probabilities of X in terms of respectively Hausdorff measure and Bessel-Riesz capacity.We also obtain the Hausdorff dimension of its inverse image,and the Hausdorff and packing dimensions of its level sets.These results are applicable to non-linear solutions of stochastic heat equations driven by a white in time and spatially homogeneous Gaussian noise and anisotropic Guassian random fields. 相似文献