The Study on the Thermal Stability of CLA in Egg Yolk

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) have been a subject of extensive investigation for their anticarcinogenic, hypolipidemic, antiatherosclerotic and immune-enhancing activities. Stability of CLA in foods has not received much attention by both academics and industry. Although CLA has shown many beneficial effects, its decomposition must be prevented when CLA in foods is processed, stored and transported. However, no study to date has addressed the stability of CLA in foods. The present study was carried out further to examine the stability of CLA in egg yolk during the storage and frying, using gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and silver ion high-performance liquid chromatography (Agt-HPLC). The eggs, containing 4.0% CLA per gramme of egg yolk, were 40s. Either storage for 6 months or frying for 40 s did not significantly change the composition of CLA in egg yolk. However, the degradation of CLA was statistically significant when the CLA components of egg yolk protected CLA from degradation. It is concluded that CLA is well preserved in egg before it is consumed.     

A family of multiderivative methods for the numerical solution of the Schrödinger equation

A family of multiderivative methods with minimal phase-lag are introduced in this paper, for the numerical solution of the Schrödinger equation. The methods are called multiderivative since uses derivatives of order two, four or six. Numerical application of the new obtained methods to the Schrödinger equation shows their efficiency compared with other similar well known methods of the literature.Active Member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts     

A review of the role of DSC analysis in the design of fluorozirconate glasses for fibre optic applications

The relatively poor thermal stability of fluorozirconate glasses is a major factor preventing the realisation of their true potential for fibre optic applications. A range of methods based on both isothermal and non-isothermal DSC techniques, which can be employed to evaluate the thermal stability of fluorozirconate glasses, are described. The relevance of these thermal stability criteria to the design of fluorozirconate compositions capable of yielding high quality optical fibres is discussed.     

Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel by partial least squares and principal component regression multivariate calibration

Two spectrophotometric methods for the determination of Ethinylestradiol (ETE) and Levonorgestrel (LEV) by using the multivariate calibration technique of partial least square (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) are presented. In this study the PLS and PCR are successfully applied to quantify both hormones using the information contained in the absorption spectra of appropriate solutions. In order to do this, a calibration set of standard samples composed of different mixtures of both compounds has been designed. The results found by application of the PLS and PCR methods to the simultaneous determination of mixtures, containing 4–11 μg ml⁻¹ of ETE and 2–23 μg ml⁻¹ of LEV, are reported. Five different oral contraceptives were analyzed and the results were very similar to that obtained by a reference liquid Chromatographic method.     

Volumetric properties of the water + ethylenediamine mixture at atmospheric pressure from 288.15 to 353.15 K

Densities of the water + ethylenediamine binary system were measured at atmospheric pressure over the whole range of compositions at temperatures from 288.15 to 353.15 K using an Anton Paar digital vibrating glass tube densimeter. Density increases with water content. The experimental excess molar volume data have been correlated with the Redlich-Kister equation, and partial molar volumes calculated at infinite dilution for each component.     

Effect of substituents (NH_2,OH,F) on structures and stability of lithofluorosilylenoids

Ｓｉｌｙｌｅｎｅｉｓｔｈｅｓｉｍｉｌａｒｉｔｙｏｆｓｉｌｉｃｏｎｔｏｃａｒｂｅｎｅ,ａｎｄ,ｌｉｋｅｃａｒｂｅｎｅｉｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓ,ｉｔｐｌａｙｓａｖｅｒｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｏｌｅｉｎｏｒｇａｎｏｓｉｌｉｃｏｎｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓ.Ｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｔｈｅｒｅｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｍａｎｙｒｅｐｏｒｔｓｏｎｓｉｌｙｌｅｎｅｓｉｎｑｕａｎｔｕｍｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｓ[1—3].Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｎｉｔｓｏｒｇａｎｉｃｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓｈｏｗｓｔｈａｔｒｅａｌｉ…     

Surfactant in the gaseous phase II. Influence on stability of foams and thin liquid films

The influence of the vapors ofn-amyl orn-decyl alcohol on the stability of single thin liquid films, single bubbles, and foam columns was determined. It was found that the presence of surfactant vapors lowered the stability of foams and single foam films. The mechanism of the destabilizing action of the surfactant vapors on wet, dynamic foams under dynamic conditions is discussed. It is shown that the destabilizing action of the surfactant vapors is a further indication that surface elasticity forces are the main factor determining stability of wet, dynamic foams.     

Curing of a maleimide model compound

A monofunctional maleimide-ended model compound was synthesized and purified. The thermal curing of this compound was followed by size exclusion chromatography and the molecular masses of the oligomers formed during the curing reaction were determined by mass spectroscopy. It was found that high molecular mass species were not thermally stable. At high temperature and after enough time, a strong decrease in the polydispersity of the oligomers and a significantly preferential formation of trimer were observed. From ¹³C-NMR characterization, a five membered ring structure was found for the trimer, which explains the thermal stability of this species. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Stability theorems for infinitely constrained mathematical programs

The primary concern of this paper is to investigate stability conditions for the mathematical program: findx E ⁿ that maximizesf(x):g ^j(x)0 for somej J, wheref is a real scalarvalued function and eachg is a real vector-valued function of possibly infinite dimension. It should be noted that we allow, possibly infinitely many, disjunctive forms. In an earlier work, Evans and Gould established stability theorems wheng is a continuous finite-dimensional real-vector function andJ=1. It is pointed out that the results of this paper reduce to the Evans-Gould results under their assumptions. Furthermore, since we use a slightly more general definition of lower and upper semicontinuous point-to-set mappings, we can dispense with the continuity ofg (except in a few instances where it is implied by convexity assumptions).     

A Note on ＂Global Exponential Convergence Analysis of Hopfield Neural Networks with Continuously Distributed Delays＂

In this note, we would like to point out that （i） of Corollary 1 given by Zhang et al. （cf Commun. Theor. Phys. 39 （2003） 381） is incorrect in general.