Existence and Multiple Solutions of the Minimum-Fuel Orbit Transfer Problem

In this paper, the well-known problem of piloting a rocket with a low thrust propulsion system in an inverse square law field (say from Earth orbit to Mars orbit or from Earth orbit to Mars) is considered. By direct methods, it is shown that the existence of a fuel-optimal solution of this problem can be guaranteed, if one restricts the admissible transfer times by an arbitrarily prescribed upper bound. Numerical solutions of the problem with different numbers of thrust subarcs are presented which are obtained by multiple shooting techniques. Further, a general principle for the construction of such solutions with increasing numbers of thrust subarcs is given. The numerical results indicate that there might not exist an overall optimal solution of the Earth-orbit problem with unbounded free transfer time.     

实现同步轨道（GEO）高分辨力对地观测的技术途径（上）

在地球静止同步轨道（GEO）上实现高分辨力对地观测，具有一系列独特优点，远为其它轨道所不及。然而，对于36000km的远程高分辨力可见波段观测，要求望远镜必须具备20m以上口径的主镜。传统的空间相机，如果要有如此大的口径，其总质量将超过1000t，无法发射到GEO上。无支撑薄膜望远镜和大口径衍射望远镜，可以大幅度降低主镜质量面密度，从而降低整个相机系统的总质量，可算是一种极好的技术途径。分步发射与在轨装配，则提供了可供此类观测系统实施从地面转运到GEO的技术手段。基于变换成像原理的傅里叶望远镜，将高分辨力的取得，由增大接收口径转变为加大发射间隔，用大面积回波能量探测加上傅里叶分量重构，取代常见的目标图像直接探测，突破了远程高分辨力观测的致命瓶颈。近完美透镜为突破衍射极限提供了可能性，从而为超分辨力观测开拓出一片科学的新天地。负折射率材料（左手型材料）可制成完美透镜，而光子晶体是负折射率材料的热门选择之一，基于表面等离子激元（SPP）的光子器件则是其另一种选择。     

On the Characters of the Maximal Subgroup <f 1> Sp 4 ( q ) of the Symplectic Group Sp 4(q), q-Even

The aim of this paper is to study the characters of the maximal subgroup of the symplectic group Sp ₄(q)q-even, where is the stabilizer of the one-dimensional space <f ₁> in Sp ₄(q).     

Enhanced performance analysis of inter-satellite optical-wireless communication (IsOWC) system

In this paper, we have reported the improved performance by usage of a square root module. By simulation in OPTISYSTEM™ a distance of 5000 km with 1.25 Gbps was achieved with the same performance representing an enhancement of 48% when compared to the traditional detection.