A complete boundary integral formulation for compressible Navier–Stokes equations

A complete boundary integral formulation for compressible Navier–Stokes equations with time discretization by operator splitting is developed using the fundamental solutions of the Helmholtz operator equation with different order. The numerical results for wall pressure and wall skin friction of two‐dimensional compressible laminar viscous flow around airfoils are in good agreement with field numerical methods. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

What Is a Quantum Stochastic Differential Equation from the Point of View of Functional Analysis?

We prove that a quantum stochastic differential equation is the interaction representation of the Cauchy problem for the Schrödinger equation with Hamiltonian given by a certain operator restricted by a boundary condition. If the deficiency index of the boundary-value problem is trivial, then the corresponding quantum stochastic differential equation has a unique unitary solution. Therefore, by the deficiency index of a quantum stochastic differential equation we mean the deficiency index of the related symmetric boundary-value problem.In this paper, conditions sufficient for the essential self-adjointness of the symmetric boundary-value problem are obtained. These conditions are closely related to nonexplosion conditions for the pair of master Markov equations that we canonically assign to the quantum stochastic differential equation.     

Needle Variations and Almost Lower Semicontinuous Differential Inclusions

It is shown that the construction of needle variations can be carried out for almost lower semicontinuous differential inclusions rather than for the case of ordinary single-valued continuously differentiable vector fields usually considered in the literature. The construction leads to needle variations whose flows are in general set-valued but still have good differentiability properties. The variations are constructed by using single-valued selections that are not necessarily continuous with respect to the state variable, but have instead a much weaker 'integral continuity' property, somewhat more general that the 'directional continuity' considered in previous work by A. Cambini and S. Querci, A. Pucci, and A. Bressan. The existence of many such selections is proved by slightly adapting an argument due to Bressan, extending it from the lower semicontinuous to the almost lower semicontinuous case, and strengthening it to yield not only directional continuity at all points but also full continuity at a specified point.     

CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS WITH DIRICHLET BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR PERTURBED SECOND-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS ON A HALF-LINE

Dirichlet boundary value problems for perturbed second-order differential equations on a half line are investigated in this paper. The methods mainly depend on the calculus of variations to the classical functionals. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of the solutions.     

Fourth-order problems with fully nonlinear boundary conditions

Differential inequality method, bounding function method and topological degree are applied to obtain the existence criterions of at least one solution for the general fourth-order differential equations under nonlinear boundary conditions, and many existing results are complemented.     

Total energy decay for the wave equation in exterior domains with a dissipation near infinity

We show that the energy of solutions to the initial boundary value problem for the wave equation in exterior domains with a dissipation which is localized only near infinity tends to zero as the time goes to infinity. We do not make any geometrical condition like star-shapedness on the boundary.     

Existence Results for Semilinear Neutral Functional Differential Inclusions via Analytic Semigroups

In this paper we prove existence results for semilinear neutral functional differential inclusions with finite or infinite delay in Banach spaces. Our theory makes use of analytic semigroups and fractional powers of closed operators, integrated semigroups and cosine families.      

Estimating Invariant Probability Densities for Dynamical Systems

Knowing a probability density (ideally, an invariant density) for the trajectories of a dynamical system allows many significant estimates to be made, from the well-known dynamical invariants such as Lyapunov exponents and mutual information to conditional probabilities which are potentially more suitable for prediction than the single number produced by most predictors. Densities on typical attractors have properties, such as singularity with respect to Lebesgue measure, which make standard density estimators less useful than one would hope. In this paper we present a new method of estimating densities which can smooth in a way that tends to preserve fractal structure down to some level, and that also maintains invariance. We demonstrate with applications to real and artificial data.     

The Hamiltonian Canonical Form for Euler-Lagrange Equations

Based on the theory of calculus of variation, some suffcient conditions are given for some Euler-Lagrangcequations to be equivalently represented by finite or even infinite many Hamiltonian canonical equations. Meanwhile,some further applications for equations such as the KdV equation, MKdV equation, the general linear Euler Lagrangeequation and the cylindric shell equations are given.     

Controlling global stochasticity of Hamiltonian systems by nonlinear perturbation

A method of controlling global stochasticity in Hamiltonian systems by applying nonlinear perturbation is proposed. With the well-known standard map we demonstrate that this control method can convert global stochasticity into regular motion in a wide chaotic region for arbitrary initial condition, in which the control signal remains very weak after a few kicks. The system in which chaos has been controlled approximates to the original Hamiltonian system, and this approach appears robust against small external noise. The mechanism underlying this high control efficiency is intuitively explained. Received 15 January 2002 Published online 6 June 2002