Measurement: It ain't over till it's over

Elby (1993) has raised certain problems that appear to be devastating for modal interpretations of quantum mechanics, but do not arise for Bohm's pilot wave theory. Here I show that the features Elby identifies as objectionable in my version of the modal interpretation have their counterpart in Bohm's theory. To the extent that Bohm's theory works as a no collapse solution to the measurement problem - and I think it does - so does my modal interpretation.     

Measurement error and the Albert-Loewer problem

Modal interpretations of QM have the welcome consequence that unitarily evolved post-measurement states which superpose eigenstates of the anticipated pointer observable can represent devices registering determinate measurement outcomes. Albert and Loewer have claimed that modal interpretations cannot account for the outcomes of error-prone measurements. But Albert, Loewer, and their commentators have not always appreciated the relation of measurement error to the Albert-Loewer problem. I argue that measurement error is neither necessary nor sufficient to generate the Albert-Loewer problem, and use the Araki-Yanase theorem to show that measurements of a large class of observables, if they are error-free, are beset by the Albert-Loewer problem.     

对一个力学碰撞问题的讨论

对普通物理力学中有关碰撞的一个问题,从恢复系数e的取值角度出发,进行了详细求解和讨论,得到了更完整的结果.     

Chaotic Dynamics in an Electronic Model of a Genetic Network

We consider dynamics in a class of piecewise-linear ordinary differential equations and in an electronic circuit that model genetic networks. In these models, gene activity varies continuously in time. However, as in Boolean or discrete-time switching networks, gene activity is driven high or low based only on whether the activities of the regulating genes are high or low (i.e., above or below certain thresholds). Depending on the “regulatory logic”, these models can exhibit simple dynamics, like stable fixed points or oscillation, or chaotic dynamics. The observed qualitative and quantitative differences between the dynamics in the idealized equations and the dynamics in the electronic circuit lead us to focus attention on the analysis of the dynamics as a function of parameter values. We propose new techniques for solving the inverse problem – the problem of inferring the regulatory logic and parameters from time series data. We also give new symbolic and statistical methods for characterizing dynamics in these networks.     

基于红外测温的试件内部缺陷的识别算法研究

内部缺陷形状位置的识别是传热逆问题的重要研究课题.本文对带有内部缺陷的试件建立了二维传热模型,通过有限元法求解了在一定加热条件下试件表面的温度分布;并通过共轭梯度法,提出了根据表面所测温度分布识别试件内部缺陷形状、位置的计算方法.数值实验证明了算法的有效性.     

The Weight-Bearing Rate on the Paretic Limb of Cerebrovascular Hemiplegic Patients Necessary for an Independent Obstacle Negotiation Gait

Purpose: The obstacle negotiation gait (ONG) is a fundamental activity of daily living. In cerebrovascular hemiplegic patients (stroke patients), the weight-bearing rate (WBR) on the paretic limb necessary for an independent ONG was studied. Methods: One hundred and seventeen stroke patients were involved. The patients'' average age at the time of the study was 67 years, and the average time from stroke onset was 102 days. There were 68 men and 49 women. Seventy patients were right hemiplegics, and 47 were left hemiplegics. The correlations between ONG and age, sex, body mass index (BMI), time from stroke onset, muscle strength of both the paretic and non-paretic limbs, Brunnstrom stage of the lower limbs, deep sensation, and the WBR on both the paretic and non-paretic limbs were studied. Patients who could perform ONG independently and safely were categorized as the independent group (IG), and those who needed observation or any assistance were categorized as the dependent group (DG). Results: The BMI, muscle strength of both the paretic and non-paretic limbs, Brunnstrom stage of the lower limbs, deep sensation and the WBR for both the paretic and non-paretic limbs were significantly different between the IG and DG groups. In particular, the WBR on the paretic limb was found to correlate significantly with the ONG, and a WBR value of 80.5% on the paretic limb gave a clear cut-off value. Conclusion: Although multiple factors influenced the ONG of stroke patients, the WBR on the paretic limb was the most influential.     

双面声阵列波束形成的正则化改进算法

双面声阵列波束形成能够区分识别位于不同扫描平面的相干声源,然而该算法在低信噪比条件下识别精度较低。针对此问题提出一种迭代正则化改进算法,通过迭代方法更新正则化矩阵与波束形成输出,在不断提升正则化稳定性、抑制干扰旁瓣的基础上使声学云图主瓣向实际相干声源点处聚焦。数值仿真与实验算例结果显示,改进算法在中高频代表频率下能够正确区分相干声源前后方位,并具有相对原算法更高的识别精度。从而表明:从反问题正则化角度对原算法进行优化改进是理论可行的;正则化矩阵的具体形式与广义逆波束形成输出的空间分辨率紧密相关,且可通过迭代方法将二者整合以提高声源识别精度。     

三角形网格上多介质流动问题界面处理方法

多介质流动问题的求解一般是在结构网格上实现,而三角形网格对于复杂计算区域具有更好的适应性,本文结合rGFM方法,给出三角形网格上多介质流动问题界面处理方法.利用level-set方法跟踪界面,在界面处构造Riemann问题,得到界面处流体准确的流动状态.通过定义界面边界条件,将多介质流动问题转化为单介质流动问题,利用高精度RKDG方法求解.采用多个算例验证该方法的稳健性和有效性,结果表明该方法能准确捕捉界面和激波的位置,保持界面清晰.     

阻抗障碍物声散射的反问题

研究了从声散射场的远场分布的信息来再现声阻抗障碍物形状的反问题,建立了求解这类反问题的一种非线性最优化模型,并提出了数值实现该非线性最优化模型的一种两步调整迭代算法.两步过程的应用使在确定未知障碍物形状的非线性最优化步中未知函数的个数达到了最少,而在调整迭代过程中,通过利用前一迭代步所得重构信息,使重构精度得到了相当大的改进.所建立的反演算法的一个特别吸引人的性质是,只需要远场分布的一个Fourier系数即可对未知声阻抗障碍物作几何物形的设别.对大量具有各种几何形状的二维障碍物的数值算例保证了本算法是实用和有效的.     

基于遗传算法的变电站巡检机器人任务路径规划方法研究

近年来,随着变电站巡检机器人在变电站中的广泛使用,巡检机器人路径规划问题越来越成为亟待解决的问题。巡检机器人在已知的拓扑地图中标记了待执行巡检任务的停靠点,不同任务需要从初始点出发经过不同的一系列停靠点再返回初始点,如何规划路径是机器人面临的问题。首先分析了路径规划面临的问题,然后通过分析拓扑地图的特征,对地图进行等价简化,再对问题进行建模使用遗传算法求解巡检任务路径规划的近似最优解。通过仿真实验证明,提出的基于遗传算法的路径规划方法是可行有效的,为变电站巡检机器人任务路径规划提供了一种有效方法。