一类非自治滞后-自激系统的主共振与锁模现象

研究一类受外激励作用的滞后－自激系统（van der Pol系统）的振动。对于主共振情况，用平均法求出了稳态响应方程，揭示了响应与系统参数的关系。结果表明，外激励的影响占主导地位，滞后因素对非线性共振频率有影响，而自激因素使得周期解在偏离非线性共振频率后发生Hopf分岔，转变为概周期运动。通过用映射法求得旋转数，揭示了主共振前、后的概周期运动中存在的锁模现象，其阶数分布符合Farey树规律。研究表明，锁模振动因滞后非线性因素而产生。随着滞后参数值（代表滞后程度）增大，各阶共振特别是亚谐振动的存在能力增强，对系统结构会带来较大影响。     

On the response of a preloaded mechanical oscillator with a clearance: Period-doubling and chaos

The dynamic behavior of a harmonically excited, preloaded mechanical oscillator with dead-zone nonlinearity is described quantiatively. The governing strongly nonlinear differential equation is solved numerically. Damping coefficient-force ratio maps for two different values of the excitation frequency have been formed and the boundaries of the regions of different motion types are determined. The results have been compared with the results of the forced Duffing's equation available in the literature in order to identify the differences between cubic and dead-zone nonlinearities. Period-doubling bifurcations, which take place with a change of any of the system parameters, have been found to be the most common route to chaos. Such bifurcations follow the scaling rule of Feigenbaum. b half length of the clearance.     

THEORETICAL NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF A BIOMIMETIC TUNABLE LENS DRIVEN BY DIELECTRIC ELASTOMER 1)

介电弹性体 (dielectric elastomer) 是电活性聚合物智能材料的一种,在外加电场作用下,可产生多种形式的响应.在驱动柔性透镜的变焦方面,相对于传统的机械操控变焦方法 显示出独特的优势.针对一款在电压激励下可高效调节焦距的介电弹性体仿人眼变焦透镜,该透镜由上下两层介电弹性薄膜和固定框架构成,并在封闭腔内充入盐水,上层薄膜涂覆环形柔性电极.在电压激励下,上层膜发生变形,由于盐水的体积保持恒定,引 起下层膜随之变形,使得透镜的焦距发生改变.采用 neo-Hookean 模型,利用变分原理导出了该透镜的控制方程、边界条件和连 续条件.利用打靶法求解了该非线性问题并高效地处理了非线性问题的界面连续条件. 理论分析结果与实验结果相吻合. 利用此模型开展了广泛的参数分析,研究表明,透镜的几何形状、初始焦距、介电弹性体薄膜的预拉伸率、涂覆的电极面积、材料的剪切模量等对透镜焦距的调节性能都有重要的影响.所建立的理论分析模型可为柔性仿生透镜的设计和参数优化提供有效的分析方法.     

Evolution Equations for Plane Cubically Nonlinear Elastic Waves

Consideration is given to the nonlinear theory of elastic waves with cubic nonlinearity. This nonlinearity is separated out, and the interaction of four harmonic waves is studied. The method of slowly varying amplitudes is used. The shortened and evolution equations, the first integrals of these equations (Manley–Rowe relations), and energy balance law for a set of four interacting waves (quadruplet) are derived. The interaction of waves is described using the wavefront reversal scheme     

Nonreciprocal microwave transmission under the joint mechanism of phase modulation and magnon Kerr nonlinearity effect

Nonreciprocal microwave devices, in which the transmission of waves is non-symmetric between two ports, are indispensable for the manipulation of information processing and communication. In this work, we show the nonreciprocal microwave transmission in a cavity magnonic system under the joint mechanism of phase modulation and magnon Kerr nonlinearity effect. In contrast to the schemes based on the standard phase modulation or magnon Kerr nonlinearity, we find that the joint mechanism enables the nonreciprocal transmission even at low power and makes us obtain a high nonreciprocal isolation ratio. Moreover, when two microwave modes are coupled to the magnon mode via a different coupling strength, the presented strong nonreciprocal response occurs, and it makes the nonreciprocal transmission manipulating by the magnetic field within a large adjustable range possible, which overcomes narrow operating bandwidths. This study may provide promising opportunities to realize nonreciprocal structures for wave transmission.     

On low Reynolds number optimization of non-linear partial differential equations for convergent–divergent engulfment: A numerical result

The flow field in a convergent–divergent engulfment along with the installation of infinite cylinders as an obstacle results in non-linear partial differential equations and the scientific computation in this regard remains a challenging task. The present attempt is the numerical motivation in this direction to evaluate the flowing liquid stream in the convergent–divergent channel at a low Reynolds number. From the left wall, the liquid stream move with the parabolic profile and have interaction with the case-wise installation of infinite cylinders in the left vicinity of the convergent–divergent throat. The differential system is constructed for the flow field in the channel and hybrid meshed finite element method is utilized to report the numerical solution. A comparative study is enclosed for the hydrodynamic forces faced by obstructions in the left region of the convergent–divergent throat. The drag coefficient for a triangular cylinder acting as an obstruction is higher than that of a circular hitch. In comparison to both triangular and circular hitches, the square-shaped obstacle suffered the most drag force. Considering drag coefficient one can extend this work to obtain information for the real behavior of the vehicle toward air flow and may conclude findings toward reduction of fuel consumption.     

牛顿流体挤出胀大模拟的网格依赖性

应用有限元法模拟了牛顿流体的挤出胀大，通过方差分析得到胀大结果具有网格依赖性．基于四边形等参单元，得到出口后首排单元沿轴向的长度和近壁处首行单元沿径向的高度显著影响牛顿流体的挤出胀大．     

组合截面轴压短柱的非线性有限元分析

圆管或方管内填充另一种工程材料构成的组合截面构件（如钢管混凝土）在工程结构中得到了广泛的应用。本文借助商用有限元分析软件ABAQUS，利用软件子程序接口，引入应力场变量，来考虑两种材料本构关系的非线性以及受力过程中Poisson比、模量的变化等因素，建立了组合截面短柱在轴心压力作用下的非线性有限元计算模型。并通过数值算例，计算了组合截面短柱在轴心压力作用下两种材料共同受力工作的荷载－变形曲线，与试验结果基本符合，同时得到了管材对核心材料约束的变化规律。     

研究流体在偏心环空内流动的新方法

使用双极坐标系研究流体在偏心环空内的流动。给出该坐标系下流体力学基本方程组。对牛顿流体的轴向流、旋转流求得它们的精确级数解和相应的数值结果。     

Global attractor for a low order ODE model problem for transition to turbulence

Many researchers have studied simple low order ODE model problems for fluid flows in order to gain new insight into the dynamics of complex fluid flows. We investigate the existence of a global attractor for a low order ODE system that has served as a model problem for transition to turbulence in viscous incompressible fluid flows. The ODE system has a linear term and an energy‐conserving, non‐quadratic nonlinearity. Standard energy estimates show that solutions remain bounded and converge to a global attractor when the linear term is negative definite, that is, the linear term is energy decreasing; however, numerical results indicate the same result is true in some cases when the linear term does not satisfy this condition. We give a new condition guaranteeing solutions remain bounded and converge to a global attractor even when the linear term is not energy decreasing. We illustrate the new condition with examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.