对四类泻流问题的深入研究

对热学中的4类泻流问题进行了详细的计算,并对结果进行了分析讨论.恒温的泻流问题有解析的解,而绝热泻流问题往往受限于数学知识只能得到数值的结果;同时本文也对泻流的近平衡态条件进行了大致的分析.这些将有助于广大师生对于泻流问题的全面认识.     

一个新的网格多翅膀混沌系统及其电路实现

提出了一个新的三维二次自治混沌系统,与大多数广义Lorenz系统一样,该系统只能产生双翅膀吸引子.依据该双翅膀混沌系统平衡点和吸引子的拓扑结构,设计合适的非线性函数可以将其改进为一个产生网格多翅膀吸引子的混沌系统.对该网格多翅膀混沌系统的基本动力学特性进行了分析,证实了多翅膀吸引子的混沌特性.最后设计了混沌电路,给出了多翅膀混沌吸引子的电路仿真结果,证实了理论设计与电路实现的一致性.     

Unusual conformational preferences of 1,3‐dimethyl‐3‐isopropoxy‐3‐silapiperidine

The conformational analysis of the first representative of the Si‐alkoxy substituted six‐membered Si,N‐heterocycles, 1,3‐dimethyl‐3‐isopropoxy‐3‐silapiperidine, was performed by low‐temperature ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and DFT theoretical calculations. In contrast to the expectations from the conformational energies of methyl and alkoxy substituents, the Me_axi‐PrO_eq conformer was found to predominate in the conformational equilibrium in the ratio Me_axi‐PrO_eq : Me_eqi‐PrO_ax of ca. 2 : 1 as from the ¹H and ¹³C NMR study. The thermodynamic parameters obtained by the complete line shape analysis showed that the main contribution to the barrier to ring inversion originates from the entropy term of the free energy of activation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the stability of (MX6)3− complexes in halide melts of three-valent metals

ABSTRACT

The effects of volume change at dissociation equilibrium of possible anion complexes of the (MX₆)^3? type in halide melts of trivalent metals MX3 within the statistical thermodynamics based on the MSA approximation were analysed. With the help of a simplified Akdeniz–Tosi model of a mixture of charged hard spheres of different diameters and valencies, we obtained the full system of equilibrium equations including the mass action law (MAL) and the equation of state (EoS). It was shown that the simplest approximation of the complex diameter as a tripled diameter of simple ions leads to a significant overestimation of the effects of volume changes at dissociation. It was found that the complex dissociation should be accompanied by a significant increase in density in a narrow temperature interval. It can be associated with the specific manifestation of electrolytic dissociation in the case of the trivalent metal halides’ auto-complexation.     

Isobaric Phase Equilibria in the Binary Systems Ethyl 1,1-Dimethylethyl Ether + 1-hexene and + Cyclohexene at 94.00 kPa

Abstract

Consistent vapor-liquid equilibrium has been determined for the binary systems 1-hexene + ethyl 1,1-dimethylethyl ether (ETBE) and ethyl 1,1-dimethylethyl ether + cyclohexene at 94.00 kPa. The two systems present slight positive deviations from ideal behavior, can be considered to behave like regular solutions and do not present azeotropic behavior. Pure component vapor pressures are also reported for 1-hexene and cyclohexene. The phase equilibrium of the systems was correlated well by the Wilson, UNIQUAC, and NRTL models and reasonably predicted by the UNIFAC group contribution method. The boiling points of the binary systems were correlated with the Wisniak-Tamir equation.     

Isothermal Phase Equilibria Through Gas Chromatography for Petrochemical Processing

Abstract

A gas chromatographic technique has been used to measure the isothermal phase equilibria likely to be of importance in petrochemical processing. The measurements on the binary mixtures formed by chlorobenzene with some aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, o-xylene, p-xylene) and aliphatic alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol) are given in this paper. Our measurements on chlorobenzene + 1-propanol mixtures are in good agreement with the literature data.     

Thermochemical Investigations of Tautomeric Equilibrium. Variation of the Calculated Equilibrium Constant with Binary Solvent Composition

Abstract

A conventional nonelectrolyte solution model which has led to successful predictive equations for solute solubility and infinite dilution chromatographic partition coefficients is extended to systems containing a tautomeric solute dissolved in a binary solvent mixture. The derived expression predicts that the tautomeric solute concentration in a binary solvent is a geometric average of the pure solvent ratios and permits calculation of solute-solvent association constants from variation of the stoichiometric tautomeric solute concentration ratios as a function of binary solvent composition. Experimental data for phenylazonaphthol dissolved in aqueous-ethanol and aqueous-acetone solvent mixtures is discussed in relation to the theoretical model.     

Integral boundary value problems for first order nonlinear impulsive functional integro-differential differential equations

In this paper, we consider the existence of solutions for first order nonlinear impulsive functional integro-differential equations with integral boundary value conditions. We firstly build a new comparison theorem. Then by utilizing the monotone iterative technique and the method of lower and upper solutions, we obtain the existence of extremal solutions or quasi-solutions.     

Partnership formation based on multiple traits

A model of partnership formation based on two traits, called beauty and character, is presented. There are two classes of individual and partners must be of different classes. Individuals prefer prospective partners with a high beauty measure and of a similar character. This problem may be interpreted as e.g. a job search problem in which the classes are employer and employee, or a mate choice problem in which the classes are male and female. Beauty can be observed instantly. However, a costly date (or interview) is required to observe the character of a prospective partner. On observing the beauty of a prospective partner, an individual decides whether he/she wishes to date. During a date, the participants observe each other’s character and then decide whether to form a pair. Mutual acceptance is required both for a date to occur and pair formation. On finding a partner, an individual stops searching. Beauty has a continuous distribution on a finite interval, while character ‘forms a circle’ and has a uniform distribution. Criteria based on the concept of a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium are used to define a symmetric equilibrium of this game. It is argued that this equilibrium is unique. When dating costs are high, this equilibrium is a block separating equilibrium as in more classical formulations of two-sided job search problems. However, for sufficiently small dating costs the form of this equilibrium is essentially different.     

Optimal and equilibrium balking strategies in the single server Markovian queue with catastrophes

We consider a Markovian queue subject to Poisson generated catastrophes. Whenever a catastrophe occurs, all customers are forced to abandon the system, the server is rendered inoperative and an exponential repair time is set on. We assume that the arriving customers decide whether to join the system or balk, based on a natural reward-cost structure. We study the balking behavior of the customers and derive the corresponding Nash equilibrium and social optimal strategies.