Equilibrium equations for 3D critical buckling of helical springs

In most cases,the research on the buckling of a helical spring is based on the column,the spring is equivalent to the column,and the torsion around the axial line is ignored.A three-dimensional(3D) helical spring model is considered in this paper.The equilibrium equations are established by introducing two coordinate systems,the Frenet and the principal axis coordinate systems,to describe the spatial deformation of the center line and the torsion of the cross section of the spring,respectively.By using a small deformation assumption,the variables of the deflection can be expanded into Taylor’s series,and the terms of high orders are ignored.Hence,the equations can be simplified to the functions of the twist angle and the arc length,which can be solved by a numerical method.The reaction loads of the spring caused by the axial load subjected to the center point are also discussed,giving the boundary conditions for the solution to the equilibrium equations.The present work is useful to the research on the behavior of the post-buckling of the compressed helical spring.     

Asymmetric simple exclusion processes with complex lattice geometries: A review of models and phenomena

We summarize the findings of a large number of studies concerning the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) with complex lattice geometries. The TASEP has been recognized as a paradigm in modeling and analyzing non-equilibrium traffic systems. The paper surveys both the observed physical phenomena and several popular meanfield approaches used to analyze the extended TASEP models. Several interesting physical phenomena, such as phase separation, spontaneous symmetry breaking, and the finite-size effect, have been identified and explained. The future investigations of the extended TASEP with complex lattice geometries are also introduced. This paper may help to obtain a better understanding of non-equilibrium systems.     

Displaced orbits generated by solar sails for the hyperbolic and degenerated cases

Displaced non-Keplerian orbits above planetary bodies can be achieved by orientating the solar sail normal to the sun line. The dynamical systems techniques are employed to analyze the nonlinear dynamics of a displaced orbit and different topologies of equilibria are yielded from the basic configurations of Hill’s region, which have a saddlenode bifurcation point at the degenerated case. The solar sail near hyperbolic or degenerated equilibrium is quite unstable. Therefore, a controller preserving Hamiltonian structure is presented to stabilize the solar sail near hyperbolic or degenerated equilibrium, and to generate the stable Lissajous orbits that stay stable inside the stabilizing region of the controller. The main contribution of this paper is that the controller preserving Hamiltonian structure not only changes the instability of the equilibrium, but also makes the modified elliptic equilibrium become unique for the controlled system. The allocation law of the controller on the sail’s attitude and lightness number is obtained, which verifies that the controller is realizable.     

内生无限平面网格上基于策略互动的均衡网络结构及吸收集

在内生网络环境下,基于局中人的策略互动研究了均衡网络的结构特性,以及局中人策略选择的倾向性. 在动态进程的同一阶段,规定所有局中人同时进行策略更新,研究了网络生成的连接费用、互动支付等参数之间的相互关系及其对均衡结构或吸收集的影响. 主要贡献是将网络的内生性与无限网格上的策略互动联系在一起,得出不同连接费用水平之下的均衡结构、吸收集的准确特征.     

分子动力学模拟研究线型聚乙烯链在强电场中的取向行为

本文将电荷平衡法(Charge Equilibration, QEq)方法应用于线型聚乙烯链(PE)的电荷分布计算,发现了非极性高分子PE链上电荷分布具有不均匀性,且端基带有较多的负电荷,随后通过MD模拟发现PE单链可在强电场中发生取向.通过QEq方法对达到临界缠结分子量的PE多链体系进行电荷分配,并模拟其在真空和本体条件下的取向行为,发现PE多链体系在强电场中也可发生取向.最后通过分析得出PE在强电场中发生取向的可能原因是分子链上电荷分布的不均匀性.     

Perturbation theories behind thermal mode spectroscopy for high-accuracy measurement of thermal diffusivity of solids

Thermal mode spectroscopy (TMS) has been recently proposed for accurately measuring thermal diffusivity of solids from a temperature decay rate of a specific thermal mode selected by three-dimensional (anti)nodal information [Phys. Rev. Lett., 117, 195901 (2016)]. In this paper, we find out the following advantages of TMS by use of perturbation analyses. First, TMS is applicable to the measurement of high-thermal diffusivity with a small-size specimen. Second, it is less affected by thermally resistive films on a specimen in the sense that the resistance at the interface does not affect the first-order correction of thermal diffusivity. Third, it can perform doubly accurate measurement of the thermal diffusivity specified at a thermal equilibrium state even if the diffusivity depends on temperature in the sense that the measurement can be performed within tiny temperature difference from the given state and that the decay rate of the slowest decaying mode is not affected by the dependence.     

Mean first passage time of active Brownian particle in one dimension

We investigate the mean first passage time of an active Brownian particle in one dimension using numerical simulations. The activity in one dimension is modelled as a two state model; the particle moves with a constant propulsion strength but its orientation switches from one state to other as in a random telegraphic process. We study the influence of a finite resetting rate r on the mean first passage time to a fixed target of a single free active Brownian particle and map this result using an effective diffusion process. As in the case of a passive Brownian particle, we can find an optimal resetting rate r* for an active Brownian particle for which the target is found with the minimum average time. In the case of the presence of an external potential, we find good agreement between the theory and numerical simulations using an effective potential approach.     

铁合金中微量钛元素的激光诱导击穿光谱研究

采用激光诱导击穿光谱对铁(Fe)合金中的钛元素(Ti)的含量进行测量。实验中激光器在最大能量输出(50 mJ),延时为1 μs时光谱信号的强度值最大。在此条件下,分别使用传统定标法和Fe Ⅰ 438.35 nm及Fe Ⅰ 427.12 nm两条谱线的内标法对铁合金中的Ti进行定量分析。内标法得到的拟合相关系数(r)分别为0.997 8和0.993 9,优于传统法得到的r(0.956 3)。提出了一种双谱线平均内标法,拟合得出r为0.998 4。同时,在浓度为0.063%～1.9%的范围内传统定标法测量的相对误差为23.7%,内标法的相对误差为6.0%,采用平均内标法后相对误差降为3.9%。最后,通过测量的Ti光谱计算了激光能量为50 mJ时所产生的等离子体温度为6 654.3 K,电子密度为1.072×1022 cm-3,并讨论了激光能量与烧蚀产生等离子体温度之间的关系。     

Review of the Theoretical Description of Time‐Resolved Angle‐Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy in Electron‐Phonon Mediated Superconductors

We review recent work on the theory for pump/probe photoemission spectroscopy of electron‐phonon mediated superconductors in both the normal and the superconducting states. We describe the formal developments that allow one to solve the Migdal‐Eliashberg theory in nonequilibrium for an ultrashort laser pumping field, and explore the solutions which illustrate the relaxation as energy is transferred from electrons to phonons. We focus on exact results emanating from sum rules and approximate numerical results which describe rules of thumb for relaxation processes. In addition, in the superconducting state, we describe how Anderson‐Higgs oscillations can be excited due to the nonlinear coupling with the electric field and describe mechanisms where pumping the system enhances superconductivity.     

水合物反应液中水活度系数模型研究进展

水合物反应液中水活度系数的计算对水合物相平衡特性的研究及水合物技术的应用具有重要意义。 通过调研大量的国内外资料,概括了Margules、Wilson、NRTL、UNIQUAC及UNIFAC活度系数方程及其关联式等模型及其应用,结果表明,Margules模型常用于二元体系活度系数的计算,但对高温高压体系条件下的溶液适用性较差;Wilson模型参数回归误差稍大且不适于溶质与离子不能完全互溶体系;UNIQUAC模型在含水或咪唑类离子反应液体系中误差较大;多元离子体系相平衡的研究中常选择NRTL模型;UNIFAC模型拟合效果较好,可实现较高浓度体系活度系数的精确计算,应用较广泛。 水活度关联方程参数拟合效果好,且准确度高,但在高温高压水合物反应液体系中的计算仍是一个技术难点,是今后的研究方向。