机动目标逆合成孔径激光雷达方位成像快速算法

针对逆合成孔径激光雷达对机动目标成像时存在方位多普勒时变的问题,提出了一种基于方位时频域keystone变换的机动目标逆合成孔径激光雷达方位成像快速算法.利用多分量线性调频子回波信号的调频斜率与起始频率的比值为常量这一特点,在方位时频域采用keystone变换将多分量线性调频信号同时转换为多分量单频信号,利用快速傅里叶变换实现方位聚焦.采用基于分数阶傅里叶变换和最小熵的线性调频参量估计方法,实现了对调频斜率与起始频率比值的精确、快速估计.结果表明,与现有的基于Radon-Wigner变换的距离-瞬时多普勒成像算法相比,所提出的算法成像效率大大提高,且能够保留更多的目标细节信息,适合于逆合成孔径激光雷达的实时成像.     

Effect of Gaussian size distribution width on minimum fluidization velocity in tapered gas–solid fluidized beds

This paper investigated the effect of Gaussian distribution width, average particle diameter, particle loading, and the tapered angle on minimum fluidization velocity (U_mf) by conducting extensive experiments in tapered fluidized beds. Three powders with Gaussian size distribution and different distribution widths were used in the experiments. An increase in U_mf with increasing the average particle diameter, particle loading, and the tapered angle was observed. There was also a nonmonotonic behavior of U_mf as the Gaussian distribution width increased. An empirical correlation including dimensionless groups for predicting U_mf in tapered beds was developed in which the effect of distribution width was considered. The proposed correlation predictions were in good agreement with the experimental data, with a maximum deviation of 16.5% and average and standard deviations of, respectively, 6.4% and 7.4%. The proposed correlation was also compared with three earlier models, and their accuracy was discussed.     

河南麦区收割对大气颗粒物及其组分特征排放的影响

农业收割期间排放的颗粒物是农忙期影响大气气溶胶组成的主要来源,因此明确农业收割期间排放的大气颗粒物排放特征具有重要意义。本实验立足河南省新乡市集约化农田实验基地,开展冬小麦区农业收割期间的大气颗粒物及其组分排放特征实验。结果表明收割期间的PMcoarse比其它时期高8.20%,农业站点收割时期的PMcoarse比其它时期高了72.22%,明确了其颗粒物污染特征为仅PM₁₀升高,而非PM₁₀和PM_2.5同时升高,同时PM₁₀的升高非PM_2.5升高引起的;含量最高的前5种元素是Al、Ca、Fe、K、Mg;收割期间,Fe的特征比值最高为0.79;Ca₂₊^和K₊^{离子百分含量在}PMcoarse中占比最高;特征值为0.81和0.78。综合水溶性离子和元素结果,Ca₂₊^、K₊^、Fe浓度协同变化可作为小麦收割过程颗粒物对大气污染影响的指纹识别,以区别于其他污染类型;便于大气污染防治行政主管部门有针对性的查污、防污、治污,提高人民群众生活环境的空气质量。     

一类三阶奇摄动特征值问题

将带有边界条件的三阶非齐次线性方程的可解性条件应用到退化特征值问题上,得出了奇摄动问题的解的渐近表示式.     

非牛顿幂律流体有界双重介质渗流模型实空间解析解与样版曲线

在前人工作的基础上,建立了非牛顿幂律流体有界双重介质试井模型.根据模型的特点,提出了相应的特征值问题,求出了特征值和特征函数.定义了油层压力关于空间变量的正交积分变换.根据特征函数系的完备正交性和矩阵微分方程理论,获得了油层压力分布以及井底压力,压力导数的实空间解析解(无穷级数形式).首次直接根据实空间解析解绘制了样版曲线,并在同一张双对数坐标纸上描出拉普拉斯方法制作的样版曲线,同时给出二者间的误差走势图.通过对比分析发现,随着级数项数的增大,根据解析解制作的样版曲线逐渐逼近拉普拉斯方法制作的样版曲线.新疆油田实例证实了该方法的有效性.研究结果进一步补充,完善了试井分析理论.     

几类特定边界值条件下的常微分方程特征值问题

在文献[1]的基础上,借助于图形分析方法,讨论了几类特定边界值条件下的特征值问题.同时,本文对文献[1]中的错误结论作出了更正.本文给出的方法对讨论非线性边值问题的可解性提供了一种新的途径.     

整数环上一类三阶矩阵方程有解的充要条件

给出了整数环上一类三阶矩阵方程有解的充要条件.     

秩等于1的矩阵的有关性质

对秩等于1的矩阵的结构、乘法与乘幂运算、特征值与特征向量和对角化问题进行了讨论.     

正切平方势单量子阱的本征值和本征函数

鉴于“方形”势阱描述量子阱中的电子运动行为过于简单、过于理想,引入了正切平方势来代替,使结果得到了改善。在量子力学框架内,利用正切平方势把电子的Schrdinger方程化为超几何方程,利用系统参数和超几何函数严格地求解了电子的本征值和本征函数,并以Ga_1-xAl_xAs-GaAs-Ga_1-xAl_xAs量子阱为例计算了电子的能级和能级之间的跃迁。结果表明,电子在量子阱中的能量是量子化的,而相邻能级之间的跃迁给出与实验进一步符合的结果。     

Gaussian states as minimum uncertainty states

In bosonic fields, Gaussian states, which consist of a rather wide family of states including coherent states, squeezed states, thermal states, etc., have many classical-like features, and are usually defined from the mathematical perspective in terms of characteristic functions. It is well known that some special Gaussian states, such as coherent states, are minimum uncertainty states for the conventional Heisenberg uncertainty relation involving canonical pair of position and momentum observables. A natural question arises as whether all Gaussian states can be characterized as minimum uncertainty states. In this work, we show that indeed Gaussian states coincide with minimum uncertainty states for an information-theoretic refinement of the conventional uncertainty relation established in Luo (2005) [40]. This characterization puts Gaussian states on a novel basis of physical significance.