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91.
Using Brown's construction (J. Algebra 15 (1970) 103) of an exact 6-term sequence for a fibration of groupoids we show how an exact 9-term sequence can be associated to a fibration of bigroupoids. Applications to topology and algebra are given. 相似文献
92.
The results of laser induced deposition of copper on polyimide substrate from copper electrolyte solution are reported. Unlike most work reported in the literatures where CW Ar+ lasers were used, a second harmonic (532 nm wavelength) Q-switch Nd:YAG laser was used for our experiments. The deposition process was conducted by laser-catalyzing of the polyimide surface and subsequent photothermal-accelerated reduction of copper-complex ions in an alkaline reducing environment. The characteristics of the deposited copper line were investigated in terms of laser beam scanning speed, and the number of scans. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the deposited copper were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDX). The optimum processing conditions have been identified. The copper deposit was found to adhere well to the substrate. 相似文献
93.
Monte Carlo simulation within the grand canonical ensemble, the histogram reweighting technique, and finite size scaling analysis are used to explore the phase behaviour of heteronuclear dimers, composed of A and B type atoms, on a square lattice. We have found that for the models with attractive BB and AB nearest-neighbour energy, uBB=uAB=−1, and for non-repulsive energy between AA nearest-neighbour sites, uAA<0, the system belongs to the universality class of the two-dimensional Ising model. However, when uAA>0, the system exhibits a non-universal critical behaviour. We have evaluated the dependences of the critical point characteristics on the value of uAA. 相似文献
94.
95.
The paper provides significant simplifications and extensions of results obtained by Gorsich, Genton, and Strang (J. Multivariate Anal. 80 (2002) 138) on the structure of spatial design matrices. These are the matrices implicitly defined by quadratic forms that arise naturally in modelling intrinsically stationary and isotropic spatial processes. We give concise structural formulae for these matrices, and simple generating functions for them. The generating functions provide formulae for the cumulants of the quadratic forms of interest when the process is Gaussian, second-order stationary and isotropic. We use these to study the statistical properties of the associated quadratic forms, in particular those of the classical variogram estimator, under several assumptions about the actual variogram. 相似文献
96.
Kazem Ghanbari 《Positivity》2006,10(4):721-729
We denote the spectrum of an square matrix A by σ(A), and that of the matrix obtained by deleting the first i rows and columns of A by σi(A). It is known that a symmetric pentadiagonal oscillatory (SPO) matrix may be constructed from σ, σ1 and σ2. The pairs σ, σ1 and σ1, σ2 must interlace; the construction is not unique; and the conditions on the data which ensure that A is oscillatory are extremely complicated. Given one SPO matrix A, the paper shows that operations may be applied to A to construct a family of such matrices with σ and σ1 in common. Moreover, given one totally positive (TP) matrix A, we construct a family of TP matrices with σ, σ1 and σ2 in common. 相似文献
97.
P. Rudolf R. Raval P. Dumas G.P. Williams 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2002,75(1):147-153
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy of chemisorbed C60 on Ag (111), Au (110) and Cu (100) reveals that a non-IR-active mode becomes active upon adsorption, and that its frequency
shifts proportionally with the charge transferred from the metal to the molecule by about 5 cm-1 per electron. The temperature dependence of the frequency and the width of this IR feature have also been followed for C60/Cu (100) and were found to agree well with a weak anharmonic coupling (dephasing) to a low-frequency mode, which we suggest
to be the frustrated translational mode of the adsorbed molecules.
Additionally, the adsorption is accompanied by a broadband reflectance change, which is interpreted as due to the scattering
of conduction electrons of the metal surface by the adsorbate. The reflectance change allows determination of the friction
coefficient of the C60 molecules, which results in rather small values (∼2×109 s-1 for Ag and Au, and ∼1.6×109 s-1for Cu), consistent with a marked metallic character of the adsorbed molecules.
Pre-dosing of alkali atoms onto the metal substrates drastically changes the IR spectra recorded during subsequent C60 deposition: anti-absorption bands, as well as an increase of the broadband reflectance, occur and are interpreted as due
to strong electron–phonon coupling with induced surface states.
Received: 6 June 2001 / Accepted: 23 October 2001 / Published online: 3 April 2002 相似文献
98.
An experimental method for determining the real-time depth of laser-drilled holes is presented. The proposed method involves
detecting the laser-induced optoacoustic waves generated during the interaction of the laser beam with the material. Our optodynamic
study involved measuring the propagation times of these waves as they traveled through the material and analyzing their temporal
behavior during the drilling process. The experimental observations revealed an exponential relationship between the propagation
time of the longitudinal stress wave and the number of consecutive laser pulses.
Received: 25 October 2001 / Accepted: 27 October 2001 / Published online: 20 December 2001 相似文献
99.
本文首先将文[1]中的BLD映射推广为弱(L1,L2)-BLD映射,并证明了如下正则性结果:存在两个可积指数 P1=P1(n,L1,L2)<n<q1=q1(n,L1,L2),使得对任意弱(L1,L2)-BLD映射f∈(Ω,Rn),都有f∈(Ω,Rn),即f为(L1,L2)-BLD映射. 相似文献
100.
The orientation-selective growth of LaNiO3 films on Si(100) by pulsed laser deposition using a MgO buffer 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
X.Y. Chen K.H. Wong C.L. Mak J.M. Liu X.B. Yin M. Wang Z.G. Liu 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2002,75(4):545-549
Highly (100)-oriented, (110)-oriented and polycrystalline LaNiO3 (LNO) films were successfully prepared on Si(100) using an oriented MgO film as a buffer. It was somewhat surprising to find
that that the orientation relation between the LNO film and the corresponding MgO buffer was: LNO(100)\MgO(110), LNO(110)\MgO(111)
and LNO(polycrystalline)\MgO(100). The crystalline quality of the LNO films was shown to be sensitive to the preparation conditions
of the MgO buffer. The film surface was very smooth, without micrometer-sized droplets being observed. All LNO films were
of metallic conductivity, with a room-temperature resistivities of approximately 250, 280 and 420 μΩ cm for the (110)-oriented,
(100)-oriented and polycrystalline LNO, respectively.
Received: 2 April 2001 / Accepted: 23 October 2001 / Published online: 3 June 2002 相似文献