MODELING THE CHAIN CONFORMATION OF POLYMER MELTS IN CONTRACTION FLOW

A constitutive model of quasi-Newtonian fluid based on the type of flow is used in abrupt planar contraction now.The numerical results from finite element analysis are consistent with experimental data for stress patterns and velocityprofiles in the flow field. The chain conformations of polymer melts are then investigated in such a planar contraction byusing the phenomenological model with internal parameters proposed by the author. That is, the shape and orientation ofpolymer chain coils are predicted and discussed in different flow regions of the contraction flow field that possess simpleshear flow, extensional flow, vortical flow, and mixed flow respectively.     

氢气对负载型Z-N高效催化剂的乙烯-丙烯共聚产物链结构影响

用球形的负载型Ziegler-Natta（Z-N）高效催化剂，经丙烯均聚一乙烯丙烯气相共聚两段串联反应工艺制备的聚丙烯／乙丙共聚物（PP／EPR）合金具有优良的抗冲击性能，是聚丙烯的重要高性能化改性品种，已实现大批量生产，对这类反应器合金的结构表征和结构性能关系的研究表明，其共聚物组分中既有起弹性体作用的乙丙无规共聚物，也含有相当量的乙丙多嵌段共聚物．这种多嵌段共聚物既与无规共聚物（EPR）相容，又与PP基体相容，在合金中起相容剂作用，对材料高抗冲性能的形成起着重要作用．然而，负载型Z-N高效催化剂催化乙丙共聚合的产物结构及其影响因素至今鲜见系统的研究，调控PP／EPR合金中共聚物结构的原理尚不明确．氢气在聚烯烃生产中广泛用作分子量调节剂，在PP／EPR合金的生产中同样要用氢气调节PP和EPR组分的分子量．但是，加氢对共聚物的链结构有何影响则鲜见系统的研究．本文初步研究了用Z—N高效催化剂合成的乙丙共聚物的结构特征，着重考察了聚合体系中加入链转移剂氢气对共聚物结构的影响．     

羧化聚丙烯载体的链结构对丙烯腈聚合的影响

研究了羧化聚丙烯载体(不饱和羧酸接枝聚丙烯)接枝链的结构对丙烯腈聚合速度的影响。在引发活性方面对聚羧酸氧钒(聚合物负载催化剂)、异丁酸氧钒(小分子同系物)和硫酸氧钒(小分子非同系物)作了对比。实验结果表明:(1)(P-COO)_2VO两羧基之间存在着协同作用;(2)大分子链效应加强了羧基的协同作用;(3)聚羧酸链的d-、1-构型、羧基间距和载体的传质效应对聚合速度均有影响;(4)在本实验条件下,引发机理与高分子载体的链结构无关。     

TERMINATION AND TRANSFER OF THE CHAIN RADICALS IN THE POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLONITRILE INITIATED BY VANADIUM(V)-THIOUREA REDOX SYSTEM

The dependence of the molecular weights on the concentration of reactants in the polymerization of acrylonitrile initiated by vanadium (V)-thiourea redox system has been investigated. It was found that the molecular weights of the polymer change nonlinearly with increasing concentrations of nitric acid and thiourea. Probably, the composition of the complexes exert a great influence on the chain initiation and termination. The reaction of "complextermination" gives rise to the decrease of the molecular weights markedly while the concentrations of thiourea and vanadium (V)in the range from one to three molar ratios.     

STUDY ON THE CATIONIC POLYMERIZATION OF 1, 3-PENTADIENE INITIATED BY AlCl_3/ALKYL HALIDE SYSTEMS

The cationic polymerizations of 1, 3-pentadiene were initiated by AlCl_3 in n-hexaneat 30℃ in the presence of alkyl halides, i.e., tert-butyl chloride, tert-butyl bromide andisobutyl chloride. The effects of these halides on the polymer yield, molecular weight,crosslinking reaction, cyclization and polymer microstructure, have been investigated. Twomain side reactions, crosslinking and cyclization, were suppressed and reduced by theaddition of the halides. The proportion of 1, 4 units of polymer chains was increasedby the presence of the halides, which reduced the polymer yield and the molecular weightof polymers.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Cobalt(Ⅱ) Polymer with One-dimensional Chain Structure: [ Co(phen) (BDC)(H2O)]n·0.5nH2BDC

A metal-organic coordination polymer [Co(phen)(BDC)(H2O)]n·0.5nH2BDC(H2BDC = terephthalic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, TG and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1- with a = 9.771(3), b =10.739(3), c= 11.249(4) (A), α = 75.946(3), β = 65.306(3), γ = 86.073(4)°, V = 1039.6(6)(A)3, C24H17CoN2O7, Mr=504.33, Dc = 1.611 g/cm3, μ(MoKa) = 0.878 mm-1, F(000) = 516, Z = 2, the final R = 0.0547 and wR = 0.1138 for 2916 observed reflections (I＞ 2σ(Ⅰ)). It exhibits a one-dimensional zigzag chain-like structure.     

Single Crystal X‐ray Diffraction Study of CsHSi2O5

Hydrothermally synthesized CsHSi₂O₅ was studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The compound is orthorhombic (space group Pnma). Unit cell parameters are a = 4.9758(3), b = 8.8089(6), c = 12.9295(9) Å with four formula units per cell. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined to a residual R₁ = 0.025 for 621 independent observed reflections with I > 2σ(I) and 41 parameters. Residual electron densities were used to locate positions of the H atoms. They are part of silanol groups and show a disorder involving two positions related by a center of symmetry. The resulting O—H···O distance of 2.44 Å is one of the shortest hydrogen bonded O···O distances in inorganic compounds containing silanol groups. The structure belongs to the class of unbranched zweier double chain silicates. The [Si₂O₄(OH)^—] chains run parallel [100]. Cesium cations providing additional linkage between the anionic ribbons reside in voids between the chains and coordinate to nine oxygen ligands.     

聚氯乙烯膜在玻璃化转变温度区域的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究

本文用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了从高弹态缓冷、高弹态淬火以及其后在低于T_g温度热处理的三种不同热历史聚氯乙烯膜的结构差异。在升温在位FTIR测量中,发现经低于T_g温度热处理的样品在与示差扫描量热(DSC)热焓吸收牛相对应的温度区间有构象突变发生,并用高分子链缠结的观点加以解释。     

EO／THF无规共聚醚结构研究（Ⅰ）—端羟基液体共聚醚的NMR分析

用核磁共振技术研究了环氧乙烷（ＥＯ）与四氢呋喃（ＴＨＦ）端羟基液体共聚醚（ＴＥＯ）的链结构，定量测定了ＴＥＯ的结构组成参数以及二元组与三元组序列分布。实验结果表明，端羟基液体ＴＥＯ易形成以Ｅ－ＯＨ为端基的线型无规交替结构，且序列分布随ＥＯ／ＴＨＦ组成比而变化。     

环戊烯阳离子聚合反应

使用不同阳离子引发剂聚合环戊烯，得到了低聚合度的ＣＰ齐聚物。ＩＲ和＾１ＨＮＭＲ研究发现齐聚物链端碳阳离子通过质子消去反应生成了相应的不饱和端基，这种通过质子消去机现发生的链转移反应和生成稳定叔碳阳离子的１，２－Ｈ转移反应导致了聚合反应的氏聚合度。ＣＰ在甲苯中不发生聚合反应而是通过链转移反应与甲苯生成偶合产物。