一类更新序列的母函数

数列f={f_1,f_2,…,f_n,…}称为f-序列,如果■(1)由f产生的更新序列u={u_0,u_1,u_2,…,u_n,…}依下式定义■记f=■,如果f=1,则称更新序列u为常返的.周知,u常返的充要条件是     

Reduction of fuzzy strict order relations

Fuzzy strict order relations and the notion of their reduction are defined. A necessary and sufficient condition is obtained for the transitive closure of the reduction to coincide with the strict order itself. Some possible graph-theoretic significances of these results are discussed in the conclusion.     

Parameter cascades and profiling in functional data analysis

A data smoothing method is described where the roughness penalty depends on a parameter that must be estimated from the data. Three levels of parameters are involved in this situation: Local parameters are the coefficients of the basis function expansion defining the smooth, global parameters define low-dimensional trend and the roughness penalty, and a complexity parameter controls the amount of roughness in the smooth. By defining local parameters as regularized functions of global parameters, and global parameters in turn as functions of complexity parameter, we define a parameter cascade, and show that the accompanying multi-criterion optimization problem leads to good estimates of all levels of parameters and their precisions. The approach is illustrated with real and simulated data, and this application is a prototype for a wide range of problems involving nuisance or local parameters.     

马尔可夫模型的市场预测方法及其应用

本文简述了马尔可夫模型的基本原理，介绍了利用马氏过程的基本特征．即其平稳性和无后效性．对随机现象进行统计预测的方法。本文选取市场为研究对象，根据产品的市场占有率的随机变化过程，建立起市场占有率的马尔可夫预测模型，并进行了实例分析。在模型的实际应用时，要注意系统状态转移的平稳性和进行系统状态划分的有效性。     

丙交酯-乙交酯共聚中的酯交换及共聚物结构和性质研究

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂 ,通过本体开环聚合合成了不同摩尔比的DL 丙交酯 乙交酯 (DL LA GA)共聚物 (PDL LGA) .1 H和1 3C NMR以及DSC结果表明 ,共聚物中GA结构单元的含量略高于按GA投料比计算的结果 ,聚合过程中存在二级酯交换反应 .当聚合温度为 16 0℃时 , GG 序列的平均长度 (lGG)随GA摩尔投料比增大而增长 ,而 LL 序列的平均长度 (lLL)则相反 .研究发现 ,随着GA摩尔投料比降低 , LL 单元的二级酯交换系数 (TⅡ[GLG])下降 ,至GA摩尔投料比达到为 5 0 %时最小 ,而后却逐渐增大 .L LA与GA在同样的条件下聚合 ,TⅡ[GLG]和lGG 都比DL LA与GA聚合的大 .聚合温度升高 ,TⅡ[GLG]增大 ,意味着二级酯交换反应加剧 ,但DL LA GA摩尔投料比较高 (75 2 5 )的共聚物的lGG 值有所下降 ,lLL值变化不大 ,而DL LA GA摩尔投料比较低 (5 0 5 0 )的共聚物的lGG值则变化不大 ,lLL值有所下降 ,说明聚合反应还受共聚单体的投料比和其它因素影响 .升高聚合温度比在较低温度下延长反应时间更有效改变共聚物的链结构 .在一定温度下聚合 ,共聚产物的Tg 随GA摩尔投料比增大而有规律降低和在氯仿中的溶解性下降 ;而DL LA GA摩尔投料比一定时 ,聚合温度对共聚物的Tg 的影响较为复杂 ,这与聚合温度对共聚物的链结构影响较大有关 .     

MDI与TDI封端聚酯预聚物和扩链剂间反应速率的研究

用ＦＴＩＲ法系统地研究了不同硬段结构对聚酯型聚氨酯扩链反应动力学的影响，结果显示：不同类二异氰酸酯ＭＤＩ和ＴＤＩ形成的ＮＣＯ封端的聚酯预聚体与二元胺（ＭＯＣＡ）和三元醇（ＴＭＰ）的扩链反应均为二级反应，由ＭＤＩ形成ＮＣＯ封端的聚酯预聚体与胺或醇的扩链反应速度比ＴＤＩ类的要快，ＭＯＣＡ扩链比ＴＭＰ扩链反应活化能低，从基团反应活性不同体系扩链反速度的差别进行了讨论。     

热处理对溶致性液晶高分子PBT薄膜结构和性能的影响

聚苯撑苯并二噻唑(PBT)薄膜是由液晶相溶液在应力下制成的,主要用作结构材料或复合材料的增强剂。本文对不同条件下热处理的PBT膜进行了FTIR、广角X-射线衍射、元素分析和力学性能的测定研究,证明了热处理能进一步完成关环反应,使分子链结构更规整,凝聚态结构更有序,明显地提高材料的力学性能和热稳定性,并提出了最佳的热处理温度。     

On proofs of the general density theorem

We show that if is a compact manifold, then there is a residual subset of the set of homeomorphisms on with the property that if , then the periodic points of are dense in its chain recurrent set. This result was first announced in [4], but a flaw in that argument was noted in [1], where a different proof was given. It was recently noted in [5] that this new argument only serves to show that the density of periodic points in the chain recurrent set is generic in the closure of the set of diffeomorphisms. We show how to patch the original argument from [4] to prove the result.

     

MODELING THE CHAIN CONFORMATION OF POLYMER MELTS IN CONTRACTION FLOW

A constitutive model of quasi-Newtonian fluid based on the type of flow is used in abrupt planar contraction now.The numerical results from finite element analysis are consistent with experimental data for stress patterns and velocityprofiles in the flow field. The chain conformations of polymer melts are then investigated in such a planar contraction byusing the phenomenological model with internal parameters proposed by the author. That is, the shape and orientation ofpolymer chain coils are predicted and discussed in different flow regions of the contraction flow field that possess simpleshear flow, extensional flow, vortical flow, and mixed flow respectively.