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121.
尼龙1010扩链反应的动力学模型和分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
双唑啉类化合物通过唑啉环与尼龙端羧基的开环加成反应使尼龙 10 10的分子量大幅提高 .以线性扩链反应的理想动力学模型为基础 ,通过对关键因素的修正使其更好地符合聚合物高粘度熔体扩链反应的实际过程 .通过数值积分方法 ,可以方便地模拟关键因素对扩链反应的影响 .理想线性模型与熔融扩链反应的前期规律相符合 ,但是其未考虑后期扩链产物的降解对偶联效果造成的影响 .通过基于降解的修正 ,该模型更好地符合了实际情况 .在扩链过程中 ,反应速率k和唑啉环与端羧基的比r是控制偶联效果的关键因素 ,温度和扩链剂加入量可以通过改变k和r进行方便的分析 .由于PA熔体反应体系的高粘性 ,2 ,2′ 双 (2 唑啉 ) (BOZ)和 1,4 双 (2 唑啉基 )苯 (PBO)的扩链效果的差别得以解释 相似文献
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Yue Zhang 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2009,94(7):1135-1141
Polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI) was added as chain extender to a blend of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (R-PET) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) with compatibilizer of maleic anhydride-grafted poly(styrene-ethylene/butadiene-styrene) (SEBS-g-MA). Hydroxyl end groups of PET can react with both isocyanate groups of PMDI and maleic anhydride groups of SEBS-g-MA, which are competing reactions during reactive extrusion. The compatibility and properties of the blends with various contents of PMDI were systemically evaluated and investigated. WAXD results and SEM observations indicated that chain extension inhibits the reaction between PET and SEBS-g-MA. As the PMDI content increased, the morphology of dispersed phase changed from droplet dispersion to rodlike shape and then to an irregular structure. The DSC results showed that the crystallinity of PET decreased in the presence of PMDI, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PET increased with addition of 0-0.7 w% PMDI. The impact strength of the blend with 1.1 w% PMDI increased by 120% with respect to the blend without PMDI, accompanied by only an 8% tensile strength decrease. It was demonstrated that the chain extension of PET with PMDI in R-PET/LLDPE/SEBS-g-MA blends not only decreased the compatibilization effect of SEBS-g-MA but also hindered the crystallization of PET. 相似文献
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针对同时存在随机不确定性和模糊不确定性的可靠性分析问题,提出了两种高效解决方法。一种是迭代马尔科夫链鞍点逼近法,该方法的基本思想是给定隶属水平下由迭代马尔科夫链和一次鞍点逼近法求得可靠度上下限,不同的隶属水平对应不同的可靠度上下限,遍历隶属水平的取值区间[0,1]即可求得可靠度隶属函数,与传统的两相Monte Carlo数字模拟法和迭代一次二阶矩法相比,该方法具有效率高和对非正态基本随机变量不需要进行正态转换的优点;第二种方法是迭代条件概率马尔科夫链模拟法,该方法在求解给定隶属度水平下的可靠度上下限时,由条件概率公式引入一个非线性修正因子,该因子的引入大大提高了功能函数为非线性的可靠性问题的求解精度。本文算例验证了所提方法的优越性。 相似文献
126.
Bayesian approaches to statistical inference and system identification became practical with the development of effective sampling methods like Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). However, because the size and complexity of inference problems has dramatically increased, improved MCMC methods are required. Dynamical systems based samplers are an effective extension of traditional MCMC methods. These samplers treat the posterior probability distribution as the potential energy function of a dynamical system, enabling them to better exploit the structure of the inference problem. We present an algorithm, Second-Order Langevin MCMC (SOL-MC), a stochastic dynamical system based MCMC algorithm, which uses the damped second-order Langevin stochastic differential equation (SDE) to sample a posterior distribution. We design the SDE such that the desired posterior probability distribution is its stationary distribution. Since this method is based upon an underlying dynamical system, we can utilize existing work to develop, implement, and optimize the sampler's performance. As such, we can choose parameters which speed up the convergence to the stationary distribution and reduce temporal state and energy correlations in the samples. We then apply this sampler to a system identification problem for a non-linear hysteretic structure model to investigate this method under globally identifiable and unidentifiable conditions. 相似文献
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The dynamics of the four dissipatively coupled van der Pol oscillators is considered. Lyapunov chart is presented in the parameter plane. Its arrangement is discussed. We discuss the bifurcations of tori in the system at large frequency detuning of the oscillators. Here are quasi-periodic saddle-node, Hopf and Neimark–Sacker bifurcations. The effect of increase of the threshold for the “amplitude death” regime and the possibilities of complete and partial broadband synchronization are revealed. 相似文献
129.
The fractional complex transform is suggested to convert a fractional differential equation with Jumarie?s modification of Riemann-Liouville derivative into its classical differential partner. Understanding the fractional complex transform and the chain rule for fractional calculus are elucidated geometrically. 相似文献
130.