Gas-kinetic numerical method for solving mesoscopic velocity distribution function equation

A gas-kinetic numerical method for directly solving the mesoscopic velocity distribution function equation is presented and applied to the study of three-dimensional complex flows and micro-channel flows covering various flow regimes. The unified velocity distribution function equation describing gas transport phenomena from rarefied transition to continuum flow regimes can be presented on the basis of the kinetic Boltzmann–Shakhov model equation. The gas-kinetic finite-difference schemes for the velocity distribution function are constructed by developing a discrete velocity ordinate method of gas kinetic theory and an unsteady time-splitting technique from computational fluid dynamics. Gas-kinetic boundary conditions and numerical modeling can be established by directly manipulating on the mesoscopic velocity distribution function. A new Gauss-type discrete velocity numerical integration method can be developed and adopted to attack complex flows with different Mach numbers. HPF parallel strategy suitable for the gas-kinetic numerical method is investigated and adopted to solve three-dimensional complex problems. High Mach number flows around three-dimensional bodies are computed preliminarily with massive scale parallel. It is noteworthy and of practical importance that the HPF parallel algorithm for solving three-dimensional complex problems can be effectively developed to cover various flow regimes. On the other hand, the gas-kinetic numerical method is extended and used to study micro-channel gas flows including the classical Couette flow, the Poiseuille- channel flow and pressure-driven gas flows in two-dimensional short micro-channels. The numerical experience shows that the gas-kinetic algorithm may be a powerful tool in the numerical simulation of micro-scale gas flows occuring in the Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS). The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (90205009 and 10321002), and the National Parallel Computing Center in Beijing. The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

The Method of Averaging for Euler's Equations of Rigid Body Motion

We formulate the method of averaging for perturbations of Euler's equations of rotational motion. Euler's equations are three strongly nonlinear coupled differential equations that can be viewed as a three dimensional oscillator. The method of averaging is used to determine the long-term influence of perturbation terms on the motion by averaging about the nominal rigid body motion. The treatment is applicable to a large class of motions including precession with large nutation – it is not restricted to small motions about simple spins or nearly axi-symmetric bodies. Three examples are shown that demonstrate the accuracy of the method's predictions.     

Chaotic pitch motion of an asymmetric non-rigid spacecraft with viscous drag in circular orbit

We study the pitch motion dynamics of an asymmetric spacecraft in circular orbit under the influence of a gravity gradient torque. The spacecraft is perturbed by a small aerodynamic drag torque proportional to the angular velocity of the body about its mass center. We also suppose that one of the moments of inertia of the spacecraft is a periodic function of time. Under both perturbations, we show that the system exhibits a transient chaotic behavior by means of the Melnikov method. This method gives us an analytical criterion for heteroclinic chaos in terms of the system parameters which is numerically contrasted. We also show that some periodic orbits survive for perturbation small enough.     

Modal parameter identification of flexible spacecraft using the covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification (SSI-COV) method

In this paper, the on-orbit identification of modal parameters for a spacecraft is investigated. Firstly, the cou-pled dynamic equation of the system is established with the Lagrange method and the stochastic state-space model of the system is obtained. Then, the covariance-driven stochas-tic subspace identification (SSI-COV) algorithm is adopted to identify the modal parameters of the system. In this algo-rithm, it just needs the covariance of output data of the system under ambient excitation to construct a Toeplitz matrix, thus the system matrices are obtained by the singular value decom-position on the Toeplitz matrix and the modal parameters of the system can be found from the system matrices. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the validity of the SSI-COV algorithm. Simulation results indi-cate that the SSI-COV algorithm is effective in identifying the modal parameters of the spacecraft only using the output data of the system under ambient excitation.     

Shape Recovery of Viscoelastic Beams After Stowage

The deployment of viscoelastic structures that have been held stowed for a given time duration can be formulated as a viscoelastic boundary value problem in which the prescribed condition switches from constant displacement to constant traction. This paper presents closed-form expressions for the load relaxation and shape recovery of a linear viscoelastic beam subject to such time-varying constraints. It is shown that a viscoelastic beam recovers to its original shape asymptotically over time. The analytical solutions are employed to investigate the effect of temperature and stowage time on the time required to achieve recovery with a specified precision. Based on the time-temperature equivalence principle, the relationship between recovery time and holding duration is concisely presented on a single plot. It is found that recovery time increases with holding duration but with a diminishing effect.     

结构动力模型修正技术的发展

在计算机技术飞速发展之前,为了了解航天器在极端载荷情况下的力学行为,通常采用足尺结构星试验的办法.结构星试验方法用于结构的分析和力学行为预测,存在着耗资较大和周期较长的不足.随着数值分析技术的发展,用有限元分析结合模型修正技术代替大型试验已经成为可能.本文评述了自上个世纪70年代末期以来结构动力模型修正技术的发展,包括早期直接对总体矩阵的修正技术,还有从90年代初期发展起来的对矩阵元素或设计参数进行修正的技术.总结了元素型修正方法中的迭代法、优化法以及摄动法,其中包括考虑了试验误差的统计算法和大型复杂结构修正的遗传算法.介绍了模型修正技术中的自由度匹配技术、灵敏度分析技术和对模型修正方法的有效性进行检验的一些经验标准,归纳了目前模型修正技术还需要解决的一些关键技术问题.