新工科项目“地方(行业)高校化学类专业应对产业变化的升级改造研究与实践”的实施

This "emerging engineering education (3E)" project "Upgrade and Practice of Chemistry-related Majors of Local and/or Specialized University Responding to the Industry Changes" was supported by the Ministry of Education. To aim at the issue of how to upgrade the chemistry-related majors of a local and/or specialized university responding to industry changes, an investigation on local regional economy and industry changes was carried out, the capability requirements of 3E for talents were analyzed, and the training objectives, graduation requirements as well as the new teaching models were also studied for the major to meet the future requirements. The practical experience for 3E construction of chemistry-related majors by selected universities was suggested.     

Predicting ion selectivity in water purification by capacitive deionization: Electric double layer models

Ion-selective water treatment is needed to address emerging problems in an energy- and cost-efficient manner. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a membraneless water treatment technology, which relies on storing ions in charged electric double layers (EDLs) of micropores. CDI has shown remarkable selectivity, with local density approximations (LDAs) showing some success in guiding selective separations. However, many underlying processes are represented by lumped fitting parameters in LDA models, hindering further progress. Atomistic models help unravel selectivity mechanisms, but are difficult to integrate with cell-level CDI theory. Here, we review and extend LDA models for CDI, highlight a knowledge gap in connecting between LDA and atomistic models for CDI, and emphasize and build upon analogies between micropore EDLs and nanofiltration membranes.     

Computer Simulation of a 3-D Sensing System with Structured Illumination

A computer simulation system of three-dimensional sensing with structured illumination is presented. It includes the generation of deformed fringe patterns from 3-D shapes and the reconstruction of 3-D shapes, conversely. Some experimental results of the deformed fringe pattern and the reconstructed object shapes are presented. We have also discussed the effect of some major system parameters on the measurement results and considered how to correct these parameters according to the measurement result of the standard plane. Using this simulation system, the major system parameters: environmental conditions, measurement accuracy and algorithm evaluation of the 3-D shape measurement system based on PMP, FTP, SPM, etc., can be researched. © 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.     

A study on the distribution of adsorbed nanoparticles

We use Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the distributions of particles under adsorption force near planar and cylindrical surfaces,respectively.Both hard sphere interaction and repulsive Yukawa (screened coulomb) interaction are employed in our simulations.We study the influence of the inter-particle potentials.The difference between the MC simulation results and the analytical results of ideal gas model shows that the interaction between particles plays an important role in the density distribution under external fields.Moreover,the 2-dimensional constructions of particles close to the surface are studied and show relations of the interaction between particles.These results may indicate us how to improve the methods of building nanoparticle coatings and nano-scale patterns.     

基于激光雷达观测的大气边界层自动识别局部最优点算法

大气边界层高度是影响近地面大气物理运动的主要因素,同时也是影响地面污染物浓度的一个重要因素。地基激光雷达可以对大气气溶胶的垂直分布进行连续稳定的监测,应用激光雷达技术对大气边界层进行连续观测可以为环境监测与预报提供指导性的动态信息。针对存在残留层以及外来污染物输入情况时边界层高度变化检测的可靠性及计算效率问题,结合梯度法的物理意义与激光雷达时序图的图形图像学特征,提出了一种基于时空邻近度的边界层局部最优点识别算法。以江苏省无锡市新区偏振米散射激光雷达太湖观测站点的气溶胶垂直观测数据为例,通过对2012年底两次污染事件进行观测分析,分别使用梯度法和局部最优点法进行大气边界层高度的自动识别。实验结果表明,在静稳状态和污染混入后的情况下,梯度法与局部最优点识别法的结果较为接近,但梯度法在处理污染混入状态以及存在残留层的情况下误判率较高。基于时空邻近度的局部最优点算法通过对垂直特征值以及水平相关性的控制,有效地消除了在弱信号、噪声信号、低云以及存在残留层和外来污染等情况下导致的计算机误判现象,在减小算法时间复杂度的同时在计算机自动识别结果具有更高的稳定性,弥补了梯度法在自动化运行中的识别精度与计算效率的不足。     

城市扩张的空间模式研究——以杭州市为例

以杭州市中心城区的多时相TM/ETM+遥感影像为数据源,采用建设用地扩张强度、空间自相关方法等,分析了杭州市1991~2010年间城市扩张的时空特征,并探讨其扩张的空间模式及其演化.结果表明：（1）杭州市城区快速扩展,各街道 乡镇扩张程度存在明显差异;（2）杭州城市扩张的“热点”方位变化大致为：城北-城西-多方位-城东,其变迁规律与杭州城市扩张模式的总体变化规律一致;（3）杭州市城市扩张的空间模式主要有边缘式、填充式、自发式和线性轴状,且随城市演化过程总体遵循以下轨迹：首先,主城表现为边缘式为主、填充式为辅的扩张;其次,外围自发式的扩张形成了副城;接下来主副城都表现为从填充为主、边缘为辅的扩张转变为边缘为主、填充为辅的扩张;而线性轴状扩张是沿交通线发展并贯穿整个城市空间的演化过程.     

条纹图象的数字化自动分析处理技术之二:相位分析法

相位分析法是目前光学条纹图象数字化自动分析处理中的最重要方法之一。本文较全面地介绍了相位分析技术,并对相位分析的关键技术--相位的滤波和解包络方法做了重点说明。文中给出了相位解包络的实例并讨论了图象数字化自动分析处理技术的实际应用状况。     

Local automorphisms of standard operator algebras

Let X be an infinite-dimensional separable real or complex Banach space and A a closed standard operator algebra on X. Then every local automorphism of A is an automorphism. The assumptions of infinite-dimensionality, separability, and closeness are all indispensable.     

具比率依赖型HollingⅡ功能反应函数的两种群系统的最优税收策略

研究了具比率依赖型功能性反应函数的两种群系统,利用微分方程定性理论得到了系统正平衡点的存在性、局部渐近稳定性及全局渐近稳定性的条件,并且由Pontryagin最大值原理得到了最优税收策略.