Study of an identity

We solve the word problem of the identity x(yz) = (xy)(yz) by investigating a certain group describing the geometry of that identity. We also construct a concrete realization of the one-generated free algebra relative to the above identity. Received March 23, 2001; accepted in final form July 6, 2002.     

Existence and Uniqueness of Endemic States for the Age-structured MSEIR Epidemic Model

The existence and uniqueness of positive steady states for the age-structured MSEIR epidemic model with age-dependent transmission coefficient is considered. Threshold results for the existence of endemic states are established; under certain conditions, uniqueness is also shown.     

Multidimensional transonic shocks and free boundary problems for nonlinear equations of mixed type

We establish the existence and stability of multidimensional transonic shocks for the Euler equations for steady potential compressible fluids. The Euler equations, consisting of the conservation law of mass and the Bernoulli law for the velocity, can be written as a second-order, nonlinear equation of mixed elliptic-hyperbolic type for the velocity potential. The transonic shock problem can be formulated into the following free boundary problem: The free boundary is the location of the transonic shock which divides the two regions of smooth flow, and the equation is hyperbolic in the upstream region where the smooth perturbed flow is supersonic. We develop a nonlinear approach to deal with such a free boundary problem in order to solve the transonic shock problem. Our results indicate that there exists a unique solution of the free boundary problem such that the equation is always elliptic in the downstream region and the free boundary is smooth, provided that the hyperbolic phase is close to a uniform flow. We prove that the free boundary is stable under the steady perturbation of the hyperbolic phase. We also establish the existence and stability of multidimensional transonic shocks near spherical or circular transonic shocks.

     

A computer-assisted proof of Saari's conjecture for the planar three-body problem

The five relative equilibria of the three-body problem give rise to solutions where the bodies rotate rigidly around their center of mass. For these solutions, the moment of inertia of the bodies with respect to the center of mass is clearly constant. Saari conjectured that these rigid motions are the only solutions with constant moment of inertia. This result will be proved here for the planar problem with three nonzero masses with the help of some computational algebra and geometry.

     

差分吸收光谱法测量大气痕量气体浓度误差分析及改善方法

差分吸收光谱技术(DOAS)中采用线性最小二乘拟合方法,用痕量气体标准差分吸收截面对测量得到的差分吸收光谱进行拟合,得出大气中痕量气体的浓度.计算结果的准确性不仅取决于光谱的测量精度,而且受标准差分吸收截面以及仪器函数和温度等诸多因素的影响.详细地分析了计算误差的产生原因,提出了用高浓度样品池得到标准吸收截面的方法,针对光谱固有结构,以及温度对标准吸收截面的影响,改进了浓度反演算法.大量的实验表明,综合运用上述方法,即便对低浓度的样气,相对测量误差也能降低到10%以下.     

一类NLS-mKdV方程族的扩展可积系统

利用代数变换，构造了与文献［５］中的loop代数₂的子代数等价的loop代数1的一个子 代数₁.再将₁扩展为一个高维的loop代数.利用设计了一个等谱问题 ，结合子代数间的直 和运算和同构关系，得到了NLS_mKdV方程族的一类扩展可积系统.作为约化情形，求得了著 名的Schrdinger方程与mKdV方程的可积耦合系统. 关键词： loop代数 可积系统 等谱问题     

The generation of three-dimensional internal waves and attendant boundary layers in a viscous continuously stratified fluid. Construction of an analytical solution

An analytical solution of a linearized problem of the emission of periodic internal waves by part of a plane which oscillates with a small amplitude in an arbitrary direction in a viscous exponentially stratified fluid is constructed. Solutions of the dispersion equation are given for all positions of the emitting surface (arbitrary, vertical, horizontal, and critical when one of the beam propagation directions is collinear with the emitting surface). The possibility of transition to the case of a uniform fluid, which is important for applications, is analyzed.     

Periodic Optical Pulses in Nonlinear Optical Fibers

We discuss the problem of transmitting polarized pulses along optical fibers with variable dispersion. The dissipation and mean dispersion are assumed to be zero, which allows using the model of the vector nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We consider an optical fiber consisting of arms of equal length, which is assumed to be large. We propose an asymptotic recursive procedure for calculating the amplitude and the phase of an optical pulse propagating along the optical cable with variable dispersion.     

首次穿过边界概率及其在金融中的应用

本文把数学和管理科学有机结合,为数学应用提出问题,得出新结果,推广了J.Michel Harrison(1985)[1]第43页的命题27,并给出了在金融中的应用.     

凹整数规划的分枝定界解法

凹整数规划是一类重要的非线性整数规划问题，也是在经济和管理中有着广泛应用的最优化问题．本文主要研究用分枝定界方法求解凹整数规划问题，这一方法的基本思想是对目标函数进行线性下逼近，然后用乘子搜索法求解连续松弛问题．数值结果表明，用这种分枝定界方法求解凹整数规划是有效的．