Resonant Raman scattering of graphite intercalation compounds KC8, KC24, and KC36

Graphite intercalation compounds, due to charge transfer between layers of graphite and intercalants, have a strongly shifted Fermi level. Potassium is known to give its electron leading to a large charge transfer f_c close to for stage 1 (KC₈) and for stage 2 (KC₂₄). The question is more subtle in stage 3 (KC₃₆) for which the graphene layers are not equivalent. For stage 3, two Raman G bands are clearly visible, corresponding to the interior layer and the boundary layers, respectively. By varying the excitation energy from UV to infrared, we observe that the intensity of the boundary layers G band versus that of the interior layer is maximum at 2.5 eV, leading to a sharp resonance profile at room temperature. Using first‐principle calculation, we associate this transition to π → π^∗ of the bounding layers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双流体等离子体模型的动力学可容变分

动力学可容变分方法是一种广义哈密顿系统中的李扰动变换方法,能自动保证卡西米尔函数在相应阶数上的守恒性质.通过动力学可容方法得到了双流体在欧拉描述中的一组约束变分,而后利用这组变分对双流体哈密顿量取极值得到了平衡方程.     

GaN/AlN半导体异质结带阶超原胞法计算

为了对GaN/AlN异质结电子结构有更为深入的认识,采用超原胞模型,对其进行了基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算.结果发现GaN/AlN为突变同型异质结,价带顶带阶为0.62eV,与实验值很接近.通过使用常用的平均键能法、平均势法和芯态法三种近似方法对GaN/AlN带阶的计算,比较得出,超原胞法虽然计算量较大,但能够给出异质结界面附近更为详细的信息,这一点其他三种近似方法无法得到,但他们也能够得出与实验值基本一致的带阶参量.     

一种实现MSD加法的光学方法

三值光学计算机系统结合光强与光的偏振方向表示三值信息,其核心器件——三值逻辑光学处理器是按照降值设计理论完成的,该处理器能完成所有19683种二元三值逻辑运算.本文旨在提出一种实现加法运算的新方法——用三值逻辑光学处理器实现加法.为了解决加法的串行进位延时问题,使用改良符号数表示进行数据编码,从而实现全并行无进位加法.用三值光学计算机与改良符号数表示相结合的方法实现加法既能够充分发挥三值光学计算机位数巨大的优势以及三值逻辑光学处理器能完成所有二元三值逻辑运算的特性,同时又发挥了改良符号数加法的无进位特点.经实验证明该方法具有可行性和正确性,是实现光学加法器的一种新思路.     

THE PARAMETRIC VARATIONAL PRINCIPLE AND NON-LINEAR FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF ASTROMESH ANTENNA STRUCTURES

针对大型周边桁架式索网天线由拉索拉压模量不同引起的本构非线性和结构大变形引起的几何非线性问题,给出了基于参变量变分原理的几何非线性有限元方法. 首先针对含预应力索单元拉压模量不同分段描述的本构关系,通过引入参变量,导出了基于参变量及其互补方程的统一描述形式,避免了传统算法需要根据当前变形对索单元张紧/松弛状态的预测,提高了算法收敛性. 然后利用拉格朗日应变描述索网天线结构大变形问题,结合几何非线性有限元法,建立了基于参变量的非线性平衡方程和线性互补方程;并给出了牛顿-拉斐逊迭代法与莱姆算法相结合的求解算法. 数值算例验证了本文提出的算法比传统算法具有更稳定的收敛性和更高的求解精度,特别适合于大型索网天线结构的高精度变形分析和预测.     

ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR ROTATIONAL RUBBING PLATE UNDER THERMAL SHOCK

提出了热冲击和碰摩故障共同作用下的旋转悬臂板系统动力特性解析解法. 基于变分原理,推导出考虑碰摩力沿宽度方向差异性的薄板系统运动微分方程,将该方程的解分解为热冲击悬臂板准静态解和碰摩薄板热冲击动力解. 通过计算旋转悬臂板的模态特性和温度分布函数,获得了碰摩叶片旋转悬臂板模型的热冲击振动解析解,讨论分析得出热冲击和碰摩故障对薄板振动的影响规律. 研究表明:碰摩振动表现为复杂的多频率耦合振动,高频振动较为显著;热冲击振动表现为简单的低频振动形式,强烈的热冲击导致碰摩薄板趋于低频振动. 碰摩引起的振动形式较热冲击故障更加复杂,更容易引起叶片的破坏. 增大的摩擦系数加剧了碰摩引起的振动,利用减小表面粗糙程度等方法降低摩擦系数,可以达到减小碰摩破坏程度的目的.     

Reliability evaluation and control for wideband noise-excited viscoelastic systems

Reliability of first-passage type for wideband noise-excited viscoelastic systems and the quasi-optimal bounded control strategy for maximizing system reliability are investigated. The viscoelastic term is approximately replaced by equivalent damping and stiffness separately. By using the stochastic averaging method based on the generalized harmonic functions, the averaged Itô stochastic differential equation is obtained for the system amplitude. The associated backward Kolmogorov equation is derived and solved to obtain the system reliability. By applying the dynamic programming principle to the averaged system, the quasi-optimal bounded control is devised by maximizing system reliability. The application of the proposed analytical procedures and the effectiveness of the control strategy are illustrated through one example.     

A MICROMECHANICAL FRAMEWORK WITH AGGREGATE-MASTIC INTERFACE EFFECT FOR PREDICTING UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION CREEP OF ASPHALT MIXTURE

According to the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle, an elastic microme- chanical framework taking the inclusion-matrix interface effect into account is extended for predicting viscoelastic properties of asphalt mixture, which is simply treated as elastic coarse aggregate inclusions periodically and isotropically embedded in a viscoelastic asphalt mastic matrix. The Burgers model is adopted for characterizing the matrix mechanical behavior, so that the homogenized relaxation modulus of asphalt mixture in compression creep is derived. After a series of uniaxial compression creep tests are performed on asphalt mastic in different temperature and stress conditions in order to determine the matrix constitutive parameters, the framework presented is validated by comparison with the experiment, and then some predictions of uniaxial compression creep behavior of asphalt mixture in different temperature and stress conditions are given.     

变截面Timoshenko梁的单元刚度矩阵

变截面构件在工程中应用广泛,在对变截面梁进行数值计算时,需要建立变截面梁单元的刚度矩阵。该文采用势能驻值原理,考虑了轴力引起的几何非线性和剪切变形的影响,将梁截面刚度的变化率作为小量,得到了近似到二阶的单元刚度矩阵。在构造位移模式时,从梁的微分平衡方程出发,得到同样近似到二阶、分别以三次和五次多项式表示的剪切和弯曲位移模式。该文还证明了单元刚度矩阵的奇异性,给出了轴压刚度的表达式,定量论证了与某些精确解的误差,表明在一定范围内,该文的结果具有足够的精度。最后以一个计算实例说明该文的单元刚度矩阵具有较快的收敛性。     

探究地磁场对彩色显像管成像的影响

关于显像管电视机的成像原理,高中物理教材仅关注运动的带电粒子在偏转线圈提供的磁场中的偏转.但在实际生活中,地磁场也会对电视机显像管中运动带电粒子的轨迹产生影响.本文立足于高中生的认知能力,从生活实例出发,分析地磁场对彩色显像管成像的影响,细化建模过程,给出真实参数,凸显科学研究方法在教学中的应用,使教学内容与现代科技和生活实际相联系,从而将培养学生的核心素养落实在日常教学之中.