Preliminary Evaluation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extracted Dabai Pulp Oleoresin as a New Alternative Fat

There has been growing interest among food scientists in producing a toxin-free fat as an end product with varying physical or nutritional properties of interest to the food industry. Oleoresin is a rich source of bioactive compounds which consumers can easily add to a large variety of food. Dabai (Canarium odontophyllum) pulp oleoresin (DPL) was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) extraction, a green extraction technology. This study investigates the quality of SC-CO₂ extracted DPL in discovering its potential as a new alternative fat. The extraction experiment was carried out at a pressure of 40 MPa and a temperature of 40 °C. DPL is a saturated fatty acid (SFA)-rich fat due to its high SFA composition (47.72 ± 0.01%). In addition, the low content of peroxide value (PV) (5.60 ± 0.09 mEq/kg) and free fatty acids (FFA) (3.40 ± 0.03%) indicate the quality and stability of DPL for various applications besides food consumption. DPL also has a low slip melting point (SMP) (20.20 ± 0.03 °C), and HPLC-FID revealed that DPL contained 0.13 ± 0.02 mg/100 g of vitamin E (α-tocopherol), indicating its potential application as a solid fat with a bioactive compound. This present work demonstrates the possible prospect of DPL in the formulation of end products for food industries.     

集值映射向量最优化的最优性条件

本文在序线性拓扑空间中,证明了广义Y+一次似凸集值映射的一个择一性定理,利用此定理,我们得到集值映射向量最优化问题的最优性条件.     

Weighted Kaplan-Meier Tests for Umbrella Alternatives

The problem of testing for umbrella alternatives in a one-way layout with right-censored survival data is considered. Testing procedures based on the two-sample weighted Kaplan-Meier statistics suggested by Pepe and Fleming (1989, Biometrics, 45, 497–507; 1991, J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B, 53, 341–352) are suggested for both cases when the peak of the umbrella is known or unknown. The asymptotic relative efficiency of the weighted Kaplan-Meier test and the weighted logrank test proposed by Chen and Wolfe (2000, Statist. Sinica, 10, 595–612) is computed for the umbrella peak-known setting where the piecewise exponential survival distributions have the proportional or crossing hazards, or the related hazards differ at early or late times. Moreover, the results of a Monte Carlo study are presented to investigate the level and power performances of the umbrella tests. Finally, application of the proposed procedures to an appropriated data set is illustrated.     

About a Gap between Multiobjective Optimization and Scalar Optimization

We explain the reason for the existence of a gap between multiobjective and scalar optimization proposed in Ref. 1, giving a characterization of this gap.     

Near-Subconvexlikeness in Vector Optimization with Set-Valued Functions

A new class of generalized convex set-valued functions, termed nearly-subconvexlike functions, is introduced. This class is a generalization of cone-subconvexlike maps, nearly-convexlike set-valued functions, and preinvex set-valued functions. Properties for the nearly-subconvexlike functions are derived and a theorem of the alternative is proved. A Lagrangian multiplier theorem is established and two scalarization theorems are obtained for vector optimization.     

Impact of the Cooking Process on Metabolite Profiling of Acanthocereus tetragonus,a Plant Traditionally Consumed in Mexico

Acanthocereus tetragonus (L.) Hummelinck is used as an alternative food source in some Mexican communities. It has been shown that the young stems of A. tetragonus provide crude protein, fiber, and essential minerals for humans. In this work, we analyzed the phytochemical profile, the total phenolic content (TPC), and the antioxidant activity of cooked and crude samples of A. tetragonus to assess its functional metabolite contribution to humans. The phytochemical profile was analyzed using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-PDA-HESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS). Under the proposed conditions, 35 metabolites were separated and tentatively identified. Of the separated metabolites, 16 occurred exclusively in cooked samples, 6 in crude samples, and 9 in both crude and cooked samples. Among the detected compounds, carboxylic acids, such as threonic, citric, and malic acids, phenolic acids, and glycosylated flavonoids (luteolin-O-rutinoside) were detected. The TPC and antioxidant activity were analyzed using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical inhibition method, respectively. The TPC and antioxidant activity were significantly reduced in the cooked samples. We found that some metabolites remained intact after the cooking process, suggesting that A. tetragonus represents a source of functional metabolites for people who consume this plant species.     

双渠道下制造商现金流套期保值决策研究

由于汇率、利率、商品价格的变化以及双渠道供应链关系的复杂性,企业的现金流存在较大的波动性。本文研究双渠道销售模式下,制造商对现金流进行套期保值的决策问题。重点关注垄断企业在拥有一个分销商和线上销售的双渠道销售模式下,并利用内部融资将现金流用于提高生产效率时,如何根据现金流的波动程度、市场需求、替代产品敏感系数以及批发价格进行套期保值决策。研究了双渠道销售模式下制造商的均衡问题,比较了两种决策下的均衡解,并通过数值分析给出了直观的结论：市场最大需求与替代产品敏感系数增加时,企业更倾向于选择套期保值;现金流波动程度与批发价格增加时,企业更倾向于不选择套期保值。     

关于组合交错和的渐近性

所谓的Rice’s方法是估计交错和Df_n=sum from k=0 to n(_k~n)(-1)~kf_k,其中,序列f_n能扩充为一个解析函数f(n).在算法分析的许多问题中,经常导出序列Df_n.在60年代,Knuth在分类交换基     

昆明物理研究所分子束外延碲镉汞薄膜技术进展

碲镉汞(MCT)自从问世以来一直是高端红外(IR)探测器领域的首选材料,分子束外延碲镉汞技术具有低成本异质外延、材料能带精准调控、原位成结等优势,是第三代红外焦平面陈列(FPA)器件研制的重要手段。本文报道了昆明物理研究所分子束外延(MBE)MCT薄膜技术进展,包括材料结构、晶体质量、表面缺陷、材料均匀性、掺杂浓度等参数优化控制的研究结果。异质衬底、碲锌镉衬底上MCT薄膜尺寸分别为4英寸(10.16 cm)及2.5 cm×2.5 cm,材料EPD值分别在1×10⁶ cm^-2附近及(3～30)×10⁴ cm^-2范围,表面宏观缺陷密度分别在30 cm^-2附近及100～300 cm^-2范围,薄膜质量与国内外先进水平相当。采用分子束外延MCT薄膜实现了2 048×2 048中波红外(MWIR)、2 048×2 048短波甚高分辨率红外(SWIR)焦平面、640×512中短双色红外(S-MWIR)、320×256中中双色红外(M-MWIR)FPA探测器的研制和验证。     

交流电桥的示波器测量方法

传统的交流电桥教学采用毫伏表,本文给出了一种采用示波器的电桥教学与测量方法,能更直观展示电桥的幅、相关系,有更好的教学效果。