Two new Weyl-type bounds for the Dirichlet Laplacian

In this paper, we prove two new Weyl-type upper estimates for the eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian. As a consequence, we obtain the following lower bounds for its counting function. For , one has

and

where

is a constant which depends on , the dimension of the underlying space, and Bessel functions and their zeros.

     

Superior tolerance of Ag/Ni multilayers against Kr ion irradiation: an in situ study

Monolithic Ag and Ni films and Ag/Ni multilayers with individual layer thickness of 5 and 50?nm were subjected to in situ Kr ion irradiation at room temperature to 1 displacement-per-atom (a fluence of 2?×?10¹⁴?ions/cm²). Monolithic Ag has high density of small loops (4?nm in diameter), whereas Ni has fewer but much greater loops (exceeding 20?nm). In comparison, dislocation loops, ～4?nm in diameter, were the major defects in the irradiated Ag/Ni 50?nm film, while the loops were barely observed in the Ag/Ni 5?nm film. At 0.2?dpa (0.4?×?10¹⁴?ions/cm), defect density in both monolithic Ag and Ni saturated at 1.6 and 0.2?×?10²³/m³, compared with 0.8?×?10²³/m³ in Ag/Ni 50?nm multilayer at a saturation fluence of ～1?dpa (2?×?10¹⁴?ions/cm²). Direct observations of frequent loop absorption by layer interfaces suggest that these interfaces are efficient defect sinks. Ag/Ni 5?nm multilayer showed a superior morphological stability against radiation compared to Ag/Ni 50?nm film.     

一种低温气体分离回收方法研究

介绍了一种适合于分离氦气中微量Kr、Xe、H2及其同位素的方法。对比了不同分离方法的特点,并最终采用低温分凝法来分离混合气体。设计了分离的流程及温度、压力等物理参数,通过分析和计算,确定了在合适温度下,可以分离提取出混合气体中的杂质气体,实现最终尾气中杂质气体所要求的浓度指标。并得出最终混合气体杂质浓度只与进气压力和冷冻温度有关的结论。     

Novel resonance profiling and tracking method for photoacoustic measurements

Resonant photoacoustic (PA) detection is widely used in several atmospheric and industrial monitoring applications due to its high sensitivity and short response time. However, unexpected changes in the acoustic resonance frequency of a PA cell caused by sudden changes either in the composition or the temperature of the sample gas can largely diminish the precision of the PA measurement. This paper describes a novel method for tracking such changes in resonance frequency. Besides improving the measurement precision, the introduced CHIrped modulation for Resonance Profiling (CHIRP) method has the additional advantage of maintaining the fast response time of the PA system without using any additional hardware components. The minimum detectable water vapor concentration, depending on the modulation bandwidth of the CHIRP, was found to be 0.3–0.5 ppm in nitrogen buffer gas. The applicability of the CHIRP method was demonstrated in PA measurements in a buffer gas with varying composition, which are typical in, e.g., industrial monitoring applications.     

高压下固态Kr弹性性质、电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理计算

采用密度泛函理论中平面波基矢,模守恒赝势结合局域密度近似以及广义梯度近似对固态Kr在高压下的结构以及弹性性质进行了研究, 通过计算发现弹性常数,Debye温度以及声速都随压力的增大而增大,所计算的弹性常数与实验和其他的理论符合的很好. 利用Debye模型得到了固态Kr的热力学性质, 熵随压力的增大而减小,随温度升高而升高;而定容热容C_v,定压热容C_p则随温度升高而升高,而且C_v在达到一定温度时趋于定值,所得的热力学性质和实验值是相符的．最后还预测了固态Kr在高压下的电子结构和光学性质, 计算结果表明随压力的增加固态Kr的前沿能带变窄,光吸收系数增大,吸收峰增宽,电子更容易发生跃迁,固态Kr有可能转化为半导体． 关键词： Kr 第一性原理 弹性常数 光学性质     

Resonance-enhanced photon excitation spectroscopy of the even-parity autoionizing Rydberg states of Kr

Kr atoms were produced in their metastable states 4p⁵5s [3/2]₂ and 4p⁵5s’ [1/2]₀ in a pulsed DC discharge in a beam, and subsequently excited to the even-parity autoionizing Rydberg states 4p⁵ np′ [3/2]_1,2, [1/2]₁ and 4p⁵ nf′ [5/2]₃ using single photon excitation. The excitation spectra of the even-parity autoionizing resonance series from the metastable Kr were obtained by recording the autoionized Kr⁺ ions with time-of-flight ion detection in the photon energy range of 29000–40000 cm⁻¹. A wealth of autoionizing resonances were newly observed, from which more precise and more systematic spectroscopic data of the level energy and quantum defects were derived. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20673107), the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation of China (Grant No. 2007CB815203), and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KJCX2-SW-H08)     

Theoretical study of phonon spectra in ferromagnetic nanoparticles

Based on the spin-phonon model we analyze the influence of surface and size effects on the phonon properties of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. A Green's function technique in real space enables us to calculate the renormalized phonon energy and its damping depending on the temperature and the anharmonic spin-phonon interaction constants. With decreasing particle size the phonon energy can decrease or increase for different surface spin-phonon interaction constants, whereas the damping increases always. The influence of an external magnetic field is discussed, too. The theoretical results are in reasonable accordance to experimental data.     

Optical phonon modes in a free-standing quantum wire with ring geometry

The confined longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon and surface-optical (SO) phonon modes of a free-standing quantum wire with ring geometry are discussed within the dielectric continuum (DC) approximation. Two branches of SO phonon modes have been investigated. The frequencies of the SO phonons are found to be dispersed and radius dependent for small size systems. When the wave vector qz→∞, the frequencies of each SO modes converge to the frequency values of the single planar heterostructure.     

The effects of LO phonons on charge qubit

In this paper, we study the influence of LO phonon (LOP) on the charge qubit in a quantum dot (QD), and find that the eigenenergies of the ground and first excited states are reduced due to the electron-LOP interaction. At the same time, the time evolution of the electron probability density is obtained, the dependence of the oscillating period on electron-LOP coupling constant is found, the relation of between the oscillating period and the confinement length of the QD is calculated. Finally, we consider the effects of the electron-LOP coupling constant on pure dephasing factor under considering the correction of electron-LOP interaction for the wave functions. Our results suggest that electron-LOP interaction has very important effects on charge qubit.     

High Closed Loop Correction Accuracy with a Liquid Crystal Wavefront Corrector

We investigate the accurate control of a liquid crystal wavefront corrector. First, the Gamma correction technique is adopted to amend the nonlinear phase modulation. Then, the control method and wavefront reconstruction are considered. Lastly, a closed loop correction experiment is carried out and a high correction accuracy is obtained with peak to valley （PV） of 0.08λ （λ = 632.8 nm）, the wavefront phase rms 0.015λ, as well as the Strehl ratio of 0.99. The diffraction-limited resolution is achieved.