A novel cognitive system model and approach to transformation of information granules

In this paper, a novel cognitive system model is established based on formal concept analysis to exactly describe human cognitive processes. Two new operators, extent–intent and intent–extent, are introduced between an object and its attributes. By analyzing the necessity and sufficient relations between the object and some of its attributes, the information granule concept is investigated in human cognitive processes. Furthermore, theories of transforming arbitrary information granule into necessary, sufficient, sufficient and necessary information granules are addressed carefully. Algorithm of the transformation is constructed, by which we can provide an efficient approach to the conversion among information granules. To interpret and help understand the theories and algorithm, an experimental computing program is designed and two cases is employed as case study. Results of the small scale case are calculated by the method presented in this paper. The large-scale case is calculated by the experimental computing program and validated by the proposed algorithm. The considered framework can provide a novel convenient tool for artificial intelligence researches.     

Free trial or no free trial: Optimal software product design with network effects

A common business strategy to promote product adoption in software industry is to provide a free trial version with limited functionalities of the commercial product to increase the installed user base. The increase of user base will lead to higher value of the software because of positive network effects. However, offering a free trial version may cannibalize some demand of the commercial software. This paper examines the tradeoff between network effects and the cannibalization effect, and aims to uncover the conditions under which firms should introduce the free trial product. We find that when network intensity is strong, it is more profitable for a software monopoly to offer free trial than to segment the market with two versions of different qualities. In addition, this paper solves the joint decision problem of finding the optimal quality for the firm’s free trial software and the optimal price of its commercial product.     

Going Off the Grid: Iterative Model Selection for Biclustered Matrix Completion

We consider the problem of performing matrix completion with side information on row-by-row and column-by-column similarities. We build upon recent proposals for matrix estimation with smoothness constraints with respect to row and column graphs. We present a novel iterative procedure for directly minimizing an information criterion to select an appropriate amount of row and column smoothing, namely, to perform model selection. We also discuss how to exploit the special structure of the problem to scale up the estimation and model selection procedure via the Hutchinson estimator, combined with a stochastic Quasi-Newton approach. Supplementary material for this article is available online.     

Optimal recovery of integral operators and its applications

In this paper we present the solution to a problem of recovering a rather arbitrary integral operator based on incomplete information with error. We apply the main result to obtain optimal methods of recovery and compute the optimal error for the solutions to certain integral equations as well as boundary and initial value problems for various PDE’s.     

模糊信息处理在舰艇等级评估中的应用

采用模糊信息综合处理的方法,对舰艇主要设备技术状态作综合处理,评估舰艇的技术状态等级,促进舰艇等级评估趋向科学化、规范化。     

On the Bullwhip Avoidance Phase: The Synchronised Supply Chain

The aim of this paper is to analyse the operational response of a Synchronised Supply Chain (SSC). To do so, first a new mathematical model of a SSC is presented. An exhaustive Latin Square design of experiments is adopted in order to perform a boundary variation analysis of the main three parameters of the periodic review smoothing (S, R) order-up-to policy: i.e., lead time, demand smoothing forecasting factor, and proportional controller of the replenishment rule. The model is then evaluated under a variety of performance measures based on internal process benefits and customer benefits. The main results of the analysis are: (I) SSC responds to violent changes in demand by resolving bullwhip effect and by creating stability in inventories under different parameter settings and (II) in a SSC, long production–distribution lead times could significantly affect customer service level. Both results have important consequences for the design and operation of supply chains.     

Relevance and truthfulness in information correction and fusion

A general approach to information correction and fusion for belief functions is proposed, where not only may the information items be irrelevant, but sources may lie as well. We introduce a new correction scheme, which takes into account uncertain metaknowledge on the source’s relevance and truthfulness and that generalizes Shafer’s discounting operation. We then show how to reinterpret all connectives of Boolean logic in terms of source behavior assumptions with respect to relevance and truthfulness. We are led to generalize the unnormalized Dempster’s rule to all Boolean connectives, while taking into account the uncertainties pertaining to assumptions concerning the behavior of sources. Eventually, we further extend this approach to an even more general setting, where source behavior assumptions do not have to be restricted to relevance and truthfulness. We also establish the commutativity property between correction and fusion processes, when the behaviors of the sources are independent.     

Bio-inspired Structure-editing Fluorescent Hydrogel Actuators for Environment-interactive Information Encryption

Many living organisms have the superb structure-editing capacity for better adaptation in dynamic environments over the course of their life cycle. However, it's still challenging to replicate such natural structure-editing capacity into artificial hydrogel actuating systems for enhancing environment-interactive functions. Herein, we learn from the metamorphosis development of glowing octopus to construct proof-of-concept fluorescent hydrogel actuators with life-like structure-editing capacity by developing a universal stepwise inside-out growth strategy. These actuators could perform origami-like 3D shape deformation and also enable the postnatal growth of new structures to adapt additional actuating states for different visual information delivery by using different environment keys (e.g., temperature, pH). This study opens previously unidentified-avenues of bio-inspired hydrogel actuators/robotics and extends the potential uses for environment-interactive information encryption.     

基于S1000D标准的技术出版物公用信息管理研究

为解决飞机技术出版物中公用信息的管理问题,提高信息的重用性和数据交换的便利性。通过对S1000D标准中公用信息库(CIR)概念的介绍,结合CIR在某大型客机维修类技术出版物编写中的实际应用情况,具体说明了CIR在公用数据管理、技术出版物编写、数据交换方面的优势,及其在提高技术出版物质量方面所起的重要作用。