A note on: “Relaxation oscillators with exact limit cycles”

In this note we give a family of planar polynomial differential systems with a prescribed hyperbolic limit cycle. This family constitutes a corrected and wider version of an example given in the work [M.A. Abdelkader, Relaxation oscillators with exact limit cycles, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 218 (1998) 308-312]. The result given in this note may be used to construct models of Liénard differential equations exhibiting a desired limit cycle.     

Generic Morse–Smale property for the parabolic equation on the circle

In this paper, we show that, for scalar reaction–diffusion equations ut=u_xx+f(x,u,ux)$u_t=u_{xx}+f(x,u,u_x)$ on the circle S¹$S^1$, the Morse–Smale property is generic with respect to the non-linearity f. In Czaja and Rocha (2008) [13], Czaja and Rocha have proved that any connecting orbit, which connects two hyperbolic periodic orbits, is transverse and that there does not exist any homoclinic orbit, connecting a hyperbolic periodic orbit to itself. In Joly and Raugel (2010) [31], we have shown that, generically with respect to the non-linearity f, all the equilibria and periodic orbits are hyperbolic. Here we complete these results by showing that any connecting orbit between two hyperbolic equilibria with distinct Morse indices or between a hyperbolic equilibrium and a hyperbolic periodic orbit is automatically transverse. We also show that, generically with respect to f, there does not exist any connection between equilibria with the same Morse index. The above properties, together with the existence of a compact global attractor and the Poincaré–Bendixson property, allow us to deduce that, generically with respect to f, the non-wandering set consists in a finite number of hyperbolic equilibria and periodic orbits. The main tools in the proofs include the lap number property, exponential dichotomies and the Sard–Smale theorem. The proofs also require a careful analysis of the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the linearized equations along the connecting orbits.     

On the stability of limit cycles for planar differential systems

We consider a planar differential system , , where P and Q are C¹ functions in some open set U⊆R², and . Let γ be a periodic orbit of the system in U. Let f(x,y):U⊆R²→R be a C¹ function such that

     

Classification of Special Anosov Endomorphisms of Nil-manifolds

In this paper we give a classification of special endomorphisms of nil-manifolds:Let f:N/Γ → N/Γ be a covering map of a nil-manifold and denote by A:N/Γ → N/Γ the nil-endomorphism which is homotopic to f. If f is a special T A-map, then A is a hyperbolic nil-endomorphism and f is topologically conjugate to A.     

Hyperbolic Models of Homogeneous Two-Fluid Mixtures

One derives the governing equations and the Rankine–Hugoniot conditions for a mixture of two miscible fluids using an extended form of Hamilton's principle of least action. The Lagrangian is constructed as the difference between the kinetic energy and a potential depending on the relative velocity of components. To obtain the governing equations and the jump conditions one uses two reference frames related with the Lagrangian coordinates of each component. Under some hypotheses on flow properties one proves the hyperbolicity of the governing system for small relative velocity of phases.     

从离散速度模型到矩方法

为了求解动理学方程,我们通过研究一维情形下的离散速度模型,发现通过对离散速度点使用自适应技术可以直接得到Grad矩方程组.作为一个统一的认识,矩方程组可以看作是对离散速度点自适应的离散速度模型,而离散速度模型可以看作是取特别形式的"矩"的矩方程组.这使得我们可以在一致的框架下来理解离散速度模型和矩方法,而不是将它们对立起来.为了建立这样的一致框架,最近在[2]中发展的正则化理论是根本性的.     

Matching arc complexes: Connectedness and hyperbolicity

Addressing a question of Zaremsky, we give conditions on a finite simplicial graph which guarantee that the associated matching arc complex is connected and hyperbolic.     

Anti-integrability for the Logistic Maps

The embedding of the Bernoulli shift into the logistic map x→μx(1- x) forμ> 4 is reinterpreted by the theory of anti-integrability: it is inherited from the anti-integrable limitμ→∞.     

On the hyperbolicity constant in graphs

If X is a geodesic metric space and x₁,x₂,x₃∈X, a geodesic triangleT={x₁,x₂,x₃} is the union of the three geodesics [x₁x₂], [x₂x₃] and [x₃x₁] in X. The space X is δ-hyperbolic (in the Gromov sense) if, for every geodesic triangle T in X, every side of T is contained in a δ-neighborhood of the union of the other two sides. We denote by δ(X) the sharpest hyperbolicity constant of X, i.e. . In this paper, we obtain several tight bounds for the hyperbolicity constant of a graph and precise values of this constant for some important families of graphs. In particular, we investigate the relationship between the hyperbolicity constant of a graph and its number of edges, diameter and cycles. As a consequence of our results, we show that if G is any graph with m edges with lengths , then , and if and only if G is isomorphic to C_m. Moreover, we prove the inequality for every graph, and we use this inequality in order to compute the precise value δ(G) for some common graphs.