基于Excel的分析化学实验课程成绩评价系统构建与应用

借助Excel的自编公式、IF函数和跨工作表求和功能构建了分析化学实验课程成绩评价系统,研究了分析化学实验课程成绩评价系统的影响指标和指标权重,并运用该系统对学生课程成绩进行了评价,效果良好。     

A quantitative evaluation of the electrostatic theory for ion pair chromatography

Summary A quantitative model for ion pair chromatography based on the electrostatic theory is described. The model is based on the solution of the linearised Poisson-Boltzmann equation in a cylinder. The obtained equations are compared with experimental data from a number of different systems. The agreement between theory and experiments is satisfactorily. Systematic deviations due to the use of the linearised equation and ion correlation effects are discussed.     

轻稀土萃取分离工艺技术经济评价

在传统、三出口、组合联动轻稀土萃取分离工艺研究分析的基础上,设计开发了带模糊分离和置换萃取等技术的组合联动轻稀土萃取分离新工艺流程,并与传统工艺进行了技术经济比较。经比较证明,组合联动轻稀土分离新工艺先进合理,充槽投资更省,生产成本更低,生产废水排放更少。     

差示扫描量热法对芝麻酚纯度标准物质的定值

建立了采用差示扫描量热法对芝麻酚纯度标准物质的定值及不确定度评价的数学模型、有效检测技术和分析方法.采用差示扫描量热法测量芝麻酚样品纯度的实验条件为升温速率3.0 K/min,称样量3.4～4.7 mg,炉内气体为静态空气.对通过均匀性检验和长期稳定性考察的芝麻酚纯度标准物质进行定值和不确定度评价,同时采用高效液相色谱...     

Analysis and evaluation of the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of the essential oil isolated from Foeniculum vulgare from Hamedan,Iran

In this study, biological properties of the essential oil isolated from seeds of Foeniculum vulgare (F. vulgare) were evaluated. GC-MS analysis revealed Trans-Anethole (80.63%), L-Fenchone (11.57%), Estragole (3.67%) and Limonene (2.68%) were the major compounds of the essential oil. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil against nine Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains was studied using disc diffusion and micro-well dilution assays. Essential oil exhibited the antibacterial activity against three Gram-negative strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Shigella dysenteriae. The preliminary study on toxicity of seed oil was performed using Brine Shrimp lethality test (BSLT). Results indicated the high toxicity effect of essential oil (LC50 = 10 μg/mL). In vitro anticancer activity of seed oil was investigated against human breast cancer (MDA-Mb) and cervical epithelioid carcinoma (Hela) cell lines by MTT assay. Results showed the seed oil behave as a very potent anticancer agent with IC50 of lower than 10 μg/mL in both cases.     

Simultaneous determination of eight components in Angelica sinensis based on UHPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS method for quality evaluation

A method employing ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) for determination of eight components including ferulic acid, senkyunolide A, butylphthalide, ligustilide, butylidenephalide, senkyunolide I, senkyunolide H and levistolide A in Angelica sinensis was established. The separation was carried out using a Waters ACQUITY UHPLC BEH C₁₈ column with gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid aqueous and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Good linearity was attained with R² of 0.9983–0.9998 in wide concentration ranges. The method had limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) in the range of 0.42–6.98 ng/mL and 1.39–23.28 ng/mL, respectively. Intra‐ and inter‐day precisions varied with relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 0.33% to 0.88% and 0.37% to 1.04%, respectively. Moreover, the average recoveries were in a satisfactory range of 92.7%–102.1% with RSDs of less than 3.60%. Finally, the method was successfully applied to analyze 19 batches of A. sinensis samples grown in Min County, Gansu province, China, as well as that collected in other regions. The findings indicated that the established method is reliable and may thus be applied as a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of components in A. sinensis, which has its implications in quality control of A. sinensis.     

西北地区普通高中化学听评课现状及有效实施对策研究

以甘肃省兰州市15所普通高中的179名化学教师为研究对象,从听评课的目的、态度、内容、方式、制度、组织实施、文化等7个维度深入分析当前高中化学听评课现状。研究发现,兰州市普通高中化学听评课现状具体表现为：教师在观念层面没有真正意识到听评课对于课堂教学研究的意义与价值,操作层面不会通过听评课开展课堂教学研究;学校在制度层面缺乏对教师通过听评课开展课堂教学研究的保障引领,组织实施层面忽视教师个人的主观能动性和个体差异性,另外个人主义和表面合作的文化不利于教师通过听评课开展课堂教学研究;不同类型的教师在听评课的7个维度方面表现出不同程度的差异性。基于此,学校层面应该重建专业的听评课制度,培育专业的教研文化,组建专业的研究共同体;教师层面应该转变传统的听评课观念,培养课堂教学研究的意识,提升课堂教学研究的能力。     

基于二维MOFs构建MicroRNA荧光传感器的综合分析化学实验及"赛学结合、三位一体评价"的教学模式设计

本综合性实验将二维金属有机框架(2D MOFs)和MicroRNA (miRNA)分析等前沿研究领域引入化学(材料)本科和研究生实验教学中。主要包括2DMOFs材料的合成及表征、基于2DMOFs的荧光核酸探针构建以及将探针用于miRNA荧光分析等,共10个学时。所需掌握的实验技能包含溶剂热法、离心分散和外标法等基本材料合成和分析化学操作以及荧光、红外、X射线粉末衍射等材料表征和分析方法。我们在实验中实施了一种新型的"赛学结合、三位一体评价"教学模式。在该模式中,学生分组开展团队作业、实验和汇报,不仅要记录实验现象和结果,还需对实验过程录像并总结做成PPT。各组间通过"PPT答辩、实验报告和录像"等进行比赛,三位一体决出成绩。学生在实验中不仅学习了大量实验技能,提高了动手能力,拓展了学术视野;而且通过比赛和教学相结合,激发了你追我赶的学习热情,培养了团队合作精神,调动了学习的主观能动性。该实验和教学模式也适合推广至其他综合化学实验教学中。     

气相色谱仪灵敏度及检测限的测量不确定度评定

按JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》和JJG700-1999《气相色谱仪检定规程》评定了气相色谱仪检测器灵敏度或检测限测量的不确定度。给出了评定灵敏度及检测限的测量不确定度数学模型,并对各不确定度分量进行了评定。浓度型检测器灵敏度或检测限的相对扩展不确定度均为4.4%(k=2),质量型检测器检测限的相对扩展不确定度为3.8%(k=2)。依据JJF1033-2008《计量标准考核规范》采用比对法验证了灵敏度和检测限测量不确定度的合理性。     

Chemical markers’ fishing and knockout for holistic activity and interaction evaluation of the components in herbal medicines

A strategy based on chemical markers’ fishing and knockout has been proposed for holistic activity and interaction evaluation of the bioactive components in herbal medicines (HMs). It was devised to screen bioactive-compound group that represents the efficacy of HM, estimate the bioactivity contribution of each component and elucidate the interactions of multi-components. This strategy was accomplished through the following steps: (1) screen out the chemical markers (target peaks) in a HM fingerprint using online two-dimensional turbulent flow chromatography/liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry technique, (2) fish target peaks and knockout any interested peak, and (3) evaluate the bioactivities of fishing and knockout portions. After comparison of the bioactivities of samples containing different target peaks, the efficacy of target-peak group, bioactivity contribution of each compound, and the interactions of multi-components are elucidated. Using Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Bulbs of Lycoris radiata (L. Herit.) Herb. (BLR) as the experimental materials, four target peaks were screened out as the AChE binders. By target peaks’ fishing and knockout, combined with activity evaluation, we observed that the bioactivity of the four-peak mixture is similar with the global bioactivity of BLR extract, and there are significant suppressive actions among these four target peaks. These results indicate that this proposed strategy is a useful approach for holistic screening of bioactive-compound group and elucidation of the multi-component interactions in HM.