Comparing Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity and extended degree: The borderline cases

Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity and any extended degree function can be thought of as complexity measures for the structure of finitely generated graded modules. A recent result of Doering, Gunston, and Vasconcelos shows that both can be compared in the case of a graded algebra. We extend this result to modules and analyze when the estimate is in fact an equality. A complete classification is obtained if we choose as extended degree the homological or the smallest extended degree. The corresponding algebras are characterized in three ways: by relations among the algebra generators, by using generic initial ideals, and by their Hilbert series.

     

Parametric smoothness and self-scaling of the statistical properties of a minimal climate model: What beyond the mean field theories?

A quasi-geostrophic intermediate complexity model of the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation is considered, featuring simplified baroclinic conversion and barotropic convergence processes. The model undergoes baroclinic forcing towards a given latitudinal temperature profile controlled by the forced equator-to-pole temperature difference T_E. As T_E increases, a transition takes place from a stationary regime-Hadley equilibrium-to a periodic regime, and eventually to a chaotic regime where evolution takes place on a strange attractor. The attractor dimension, metric entropy, and bounding box volume in phase space have a smooth dependence on T_E, which results in power-law scaling properties. Power-law scalings with respect to T_E are detected also for the statistical properties of global physical observables — the total energy of the system and the averaged zonal wind. The scaling laws, which constitute the main novel result of the present work, can be thought to result from the presence of a statistical process of baroclinic adjustment, which tends to decrease the equator-to-pole temperature difference and determines the properties of the attractor of the system. The self-similarity could be of great help in setting up a theory for the overall statistical properties of the general circulation of the atmosphere and in guiding-on a heuristic basis-both data analysis and realistic simulations, going beyond the unsatisfactory mean field theories and brute force approaches. A leading example for this would be the possibility of estimating the sensitivity of the output of the system with respect to changes in the parameters.     

Dynamic behavior of non-uniform granular gases system with the fractal characteristic in one dimension

A one-dimensional dynamic model of polydisperse granular mixture with a power-law size distribution is presented, in which the particles are subject to inelastic mutual collisions and driven by Gaussian white noise. The particle size distribution of the mixture has the fractal characteristic, and a fractal dimension D as a measurement of the inhomogeneity of the particle size distribution is introduced. We define the global granular temperature and the kinetic pressure of the mixture, and obtain their expressions. By molecular dynamics simulations, we have mainly investigated how the inhomogeneity of the particle size distribution and the inelasticity of collisions influence the steady-state dynamic properties of the system, focusing on the global granular temperature, kinetic pressure, velocity distribution and distribution of interparticle spacing. Some novel results are found that, with the increase of the fractal dimension D, the global granular temperature and the kinetic pressure decrease, the velocity distribution deviates more obviously from the Gaussian one and the particles cluster more pronouncedly at the same value of the restitution coefficient e (0<e<1). On the other hand, as the restitution coefficient e decreases, the dynamic behavior has the similar evolution as above at the fixed fractal dimension D. The dynamic behavior changing with e and D is, respectively, presented.     

基于分形脊波神经网络的遥感图像分类研究

在分形理论和脊波神经网络的基础上，综合利用彩色遥感图像的光谱、纹理和形状特征，提出了一种彩色遥感图像的分类新方法．该方法把彩色图像的蓝、绿、红波段作为3个光谱特征，由分形理论计算的DBC维和多重分形维数作为2个纹理特征，平均不变矩作为1个形状特征，并利用对曲线具有极强方向识别能力的脊波神经网络作为分类器．实验结果表明，提出的彩色遥感图像分类方法具有较高的分类准确率和较强的抗噪音能力．     

纳米AT13陶瓷喷涂层结合强度的分形维数表征

应用分形维数对微弧等离子喷涂纳米AT13涂层的界面进行研究，结果表明：随喷涂电流的增加，纳米AT13涂层的界面分维不断增大，其结合强度也不断提高；随着氩气压力的增加，纳米AT13涂层的界面分维和结合强度都先增大后减小；界面分维D可用于表征涂层结合强度σ，σ随D的增大而增大，且ln(σ)与D之间呈近似线性关系：ln(σ)=17.6D-26.2.     

非均匀Ⅱ型三角剖分上的双周期三次样条函数空间

本文确立了非均匀Ⅱ型三角剖分上双周期三次样条函数空间的维数,并给出了一组具有局部支集的基底.     

一类四阶非线性抛物型发展方程的吸引子[英文]

本文讨论实轴上的与Cahn-Hilliard方程有联系的一类四阶非线性抛物型方程Эu/Эt σЭ^4u/Эx^4 αu uЭu/Эx g(u)=f(x,t)的长时间行为。在外力f(x,t)是时间t的拟周期函数，非线性项g(u)满足一定的条件下，通过引入过程的概念，证明系统存在一致吸引子，并给出吸引子维数的上界估计。     

Density Modulo 1 of Sublacunary Sequences

We prove the existence of real numbers badly approximated by rational fractions whose denominators form a sublacunar sequence. For example, for the ascending sequence s _n , n = 1, 2, 3, ..., generated by the ordered numbers of the form 2ⁱ3^j, i, j = 1, 2, 3, ..., we prove that the set of real numbers α such that inf _n∈ℕ n‖s _n α‖ > 0 is a set of Hausdorff dimension 1. The divergence of the series implies that the Lebesgue measure of those numbers is zero.__________Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, vol. 77, no. 6, 2005, pp. 803–813.Original Russian Text Copyright ©2005 by R. K. Akhunzhanov, N. G. Moshchevitin.     

Multi-scale Clustering for a Non-Markovian Spatial Branching Process

Consider a system of particles which move in R^d according to a symmetric α-stable motion, have a lifetime distribution of finite mean, and branch with an offspring law of index 1+β. In case of the critical dimension d=α/β the phenomenon of multi-scale clustering occurs. This is expressed in an fdd scaling limit theorem, where initially we start with an increasing localized population or with an increasing homogeneous Poissonian population. The limit state is uniform, but its intensity varies in line with the scaling index according to a continuous-state branching process of index 1+β. Our result generalizes the case α=2 of Brownian particles of Klenke (1998), where p.d.e. methods had been used which are not available in the present setting. Supported in part by the DFG. Supported in part by the grants RFBR 02-01-00266 and Russian Scientific School 1758.2003.1.