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21.
22.
As borders between different entities, lines are an important element of natural images. Indeed, the neurons of the mammalian
visual cortex are tuned to respond best to lines of a given orientation. This preferred orientation varies continuously across
most of the cortex, but also has vortex-like singularities known as pinwheels. In attempting to describe such patterns of
orientation preference, we are led to consider underlying rotation symmetries: Oriented segments in natural images tend to
be collinear; neurons are more likely to be connected if their preferred orientations are aligned to their topographic separation.
These are indications of a reduced symmetry requiring joint rotations of both orientation preference and the underlying topography.
This is verified by direct statistical tests in both natural images and in cortical maps. Using the statistics of natural
scenes we construct filters that are best suited to extracting information from such images, and find qualitative similarities
to mammalian vision.
PACS84.35+i 89.70.+c 87.57.Nk 相似文献
23.
This paper gives some global and uniform convergence estimates for a class of subspace correction (based on space decomposition) iterative methods applied to some unconstrained convex optimization problems. Some multigrid and domain decomposition methods are also discussed as special examples for solving some nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems.
24.
ON HYPERBOLIC TIME DISCOUNTING IN EXHAUSTIBLE RESOURCE MODELS: AN APPLICATION TO WORLD OIL RESOURCES
JOHN ROWSE 《Natural Resource Modeling》2006,19(2):243-277
ABSTRACT. Recent research on discounting in long term economic models involves hyperbolic discounting, in which the marginal discount rate shrinks as time passes. To investigate hyperbolic discounting and exhaustible resource allocation, this work develops a discrete‐time world oil model and model solution procedure, then uses the model to examine the consequences of adopting conventional (constant annual) discounting when hyperbolic discounting is appropriate, of adopting one hyperbolic discount rate path when a different hyperbolic path is appropriate, and of adopting hyperbolic discounting when conventional discounting is appropriate. Five conventional and two hyperbolic discount rate paths are considered. One hyperbolic path is that used by Nordhaus and Boyer [2000]; the other is that recommended by Weitzman [2001]. The generality of the findings is also assessed. 相似文献
25.
26.
We consider a useful modification of the inexact implicit method with a variable parameter in Wang et al. J Optim Theory 111:
431–443 (2001) for generalized mixed monotone variational inequalities. One of the contributions of the proposed method in
this paper is that the restrictions imposed on the variable parameter are weaker than the ones in Wang et al. J Optim Theory
111: 431–443 (2001). Another contribution is that we establish a sufficient and necessary condition for the convergence of
the proposed method to a solution of the general mixed monotone variational inequality. 相似文献
27.
28.
We consider the problem of minimizing an SC1 function subject to inequality constraints. We propose a local algorithm whose distinguishing features are that: (a) a fast convergence rate is achieved under reasonable assumptions that do not include strict complementarity at the solution; (b) the solution of only linear systems is required at each iteration; (c) all the points generated are feasible. After analyzing a basic Newton algorithm, we propose some variants aimed at reducing the computational costs and, in particular, we consider a quasi-Newton version of the algorithm. 相似文献
29.
本对于全局优化问题提出一个改进的进化规划算法,该算法以概率p接收基于电磁理论求出合力方向作为随机搜索方向,以概率1-p接收按正态分布产生的随机搜索方向。改进算法不仅克服了传统进化规划算法随机搜索的盲目性,而且保留了传统进化规划算法全局搜索性。本算法应用于几个典型例题,数值结果表明本算法是可行的,有效的。 相似文献
30.
从决策有限理性角度,引入行为金融理论于机构投资风险优化系统,对多心理账户条件下机构投资的风险优化设计进行了研究。以Friedman和Savage之谜为释例,对机构投资风险优化中的诸多非标准金融异像进行了解释。以Shefrin和Statman行为证券组合理论为核心,建立了多心理账户条件下机构投资的风险优化模型,为机构投资的风险优化实践提供了一种量化分析工具。 相似文献