MCeO3：Eu^3＋（M=Sr，Ba）的合成及发光性质研究

利用高温固相反应法合成了Eu^3＋掺杂的MCeO3（M=Sr，Ba）发光粉末样品，采用X射线衍射技术和荧光光谱等测试手段分别对其物相组成和发光性质进行了研究。X射线衍射结果显示，Eu^3＋离子容易替代MCeO3晶格中M^2＋离子的位置。荧光光谱测试结果表明，Eu^3＋掺杂的SrCeO3和BaCeO3样品在紫外波段存在着非常宽的吸收带，峰值分别位于311和320nm左右，它们属于Ce^4＋-O^2-的电荷迁移带，SrCeO3和BaCeO3基质与Eu^3＋离子之间存在着能量转移。在MCeO3：Eu^3＋样品中，Eu^3＋的发射主要来自于^5D0激发态能级，其中以磁偶极跃迁^5D0-^7F1发射强度为最大；此外样品中还存在着较高的^5D1激发态能级的辐射跃迁。SrCe03：EU^3＋样品的发射强度远大于BaCeO3：EU^3＋样品。     

天文导航中星体高精度细分定位方法研究

介绍了一种从星体图像中高精度提取恒星位置的方法.这种方法把星光成像看成是高斯点扩散函数模型,利用线性内插和最小二乘法拟合得到高斯曲面参数,从高斯曲面模型中得到亚像素级的恒星位置.由于直接进行高斯曲面拟合计算非常复杂,将二维曲面拟合转化为两个方向上的一维曲线拟合,分别得到不同的曲面系数.仿真结果表明当信噪比小于0.05时,定位精度能达到1/20像素,与质心法比较,高斯曲面拟合法精度高,抗噪声能力强.     

浙江小黄山与河南贾湖遗址出土新石器时代前期陶器化学组成的WDXRF分析研究

利用能量色散X射线荧光光谱法(energy disperse X-ray fluorescence,EDXRF)对浙江嵊州小黄山与河南舞阳贾湖两处新石器时代前期遗址出土陶器的主量元素化学组成进行了分析测定.结果显示,这两处遗址出土陶器的化学组成地域特征明显,与贾湖遗址相比,小黄山遗址陶器具有我国南方陶瓷器普遍存在的“高...     

Nonextensive entropies derived from Gauss? principle

Gauss? principle in statistical mechanics is generalized for a q-exponential distribution in nonextensive statistical mechanics. It determines the associated stochastic and statistical nonextensive entropies which satisfy Greene-Callen principle concerning on the equivalence between microcanonical and canonical ensembles.     

Phase composition and tribological properties of Ti-Al coatings produced on pure Ti by laser cladding

Ti-Al coatings with ∼14.7, 18.1, 25.2 and 29.7 at.% Al contents were fabricated on pure Ti substrate by laser cladding. The laser cladding Ti-Al coatings were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was found that with the increase of Al content, the diffraction peaks shifted gradually to higher 2θ values. The laser cladding Ti-Al coatings with 14.7 and 18.1 at.% Al were composed of α-Ti and α₂-Ti₃Al phases, while those with 25.2 and 29.7 at.% Al were composed of α₂-Ti₃Al phase. With the increase of Al content, the cross-sectional hardness increased, while the fracture toughness decreased. For the laser cladding Ti-Al coatings, when the Al content was ≤18.1 at.%, the wear mechanism was adhesive wear and abrasive wear; while when the Al content ≥25.2 at.%, the wear mechanism was adhesive wear, abrasive wear and microfracture. With the increase of Al content, the wear rate of laser cladding Ti-Al coatings decreased under 1 N normal load, while the wear rate firstly decreased and then increased under a normal load of 3 N. Due to its optimized combination of high hardness and high fracture toughness, the laser cladding Ti-Al coating with 18.1 at.% Al showed the best anti-wear properties at higher normal load.     

普遍化范德华配分函数

对纯流体及其混合物的普遍化范德华配分函数的推导作系统阐述。由该配分函数可导出一些重要的状态方程、混合规则及活度系数模型。还分析了与密度有关的局部组成模型的低密度边界条件，从而可为建立新的局部组成模型及其应用于流体相平衡计算提供理论依据     

拉曼光谱在危地马拉翡翠矿物组成中的应用研究

危地马拉是缅甸之外的另一个翡翠的商业性产地,危地马拉翡翠通常是多种矿物成分的集合体,其矿物组成具有特色,与缅甸翡翠的不同。以危地马拉紫色和灰绿色翡翠为研究对象,通过激光拉曼光谱测试分析,对其结构特征及共生矿物组成特点进行了研究。结果表明,危地马拉翡翠中的主要组成矿物为硬玉,并伴有多种共生矿物。危地马拉翡翠的共生矿物包括五类,其中深色共生矿物为角闪石,白云石,绿辉石和绿泥石,浅色共生矿物为磷灰石。其中角闪石,白云石,绿辉石和绿泥石也是缅甸翡翠中常见的共生矿物,而磷灰石在缅甸翡翠中几乎不可见。     

Ultrasonic emulsification of parenteral valproic acid-loaded nanoemulsion with response surface methodology and evaluation of its stability

Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the formulation of a nanoemulsion for central delivery following parenteral administration. A mixture of medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) and safflower seed oil (SSO) was determined as a sole phase from the emulsification properties. Similarly, a natural surfactant (lecithin) and non-ionic surfactant (Tween 80) (ratio 1:2) were used in the formulation. A central composite design (CCD) with three-factor at five-levels was used to optimize the processing method of high energy ultrasonicator. Effects of pre-sonication ultrasonic intensity (A), sonication time (B), and temperature (C) were studied on the preparation of nanoemulsion loaded with valproic acid. Influence of the aforementioned specifically the effects of the ultrasonic processing parameters on droplet size and polydispersity index were investigated. From the analysis, it was found that the interaction between ultrasonic intensity and sonication time was the most influential factor on the droplet size of nanoemulsion formulated. Ultrasonic intensity (A) significantly affects the polydispersity index value. With this optimization method, a favorable droplet size of a nanoemulsion with reasonable polydispersity index was able to be formulated within a short sonication time. A valproic acid loaded nanoemulsion can be obtained with 60% power intensity for 15 min at 60 °C. Droplet size of 43.21 ± 0.11 nm with polydispersity index of 0.211 were produced. The drug content was then increased to 1.5%. Stability study of nanoemulsion containing 1.5% of valproic acid had a good stability as there are no significant changes in physicochemical aspects such as droplet size and polydispersity index. With the characteristisation study of pH, viscosity, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and stability assessment study the formulated nanoemulsion has the potential to penetrate blood–brain barrier in the treatment of epilepsy.     

An insight into the effect of composition for enhance catalytic performance of biogenic Au/Ag bimetallic nanoparticles

A comprehensive knowledge of composition‐activity property relationship of nanoparticulate materials is highly desirable for applications in various catalysis reactions. We have addressed a facile green aqueous approach for preparation of Au, Ag monometallic, Au/Ag alloy as well as core‐shell bimetallic nanoparticles. The phytochemicals present in lemon grass leaves extract were employed both as natural reducing and capping agents at room temperature. X‐ray diffraction pattern, UV‐Vis spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray studies confirmed the formation of bimetallic system. The ensuing Au core/Ag shell and Au/Ag alloy bimetallic nanoparticles were crystalline and spherical in nature with identical average diameter of ~ 18 nm as measured via transmission electron microscopy. The bimetallic systems incredibly display higher catalytic potential than their monometallic counterparts which were vividly reckoned on structural effect, lattice compression, and synergistic electronic effect.