The recent progress of functionally graded CNT reinforced composites and structures

In the last decade,the functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composites(FG-CNTRCs)have attracted considerable interest due to their excellent mechanical properties,and the structures made of FG-CNTRCs have found broad potential applications in aerospace,civil and ocean engineering,automotive industry,and smart structures.Here we review the literature regarding the mechanical analysis of bulk CNTR nanocomposites and FG-CNTRC structures,aiming to provide a clear picture of the mechanical modeling and properties of FG-CNTRCs as well as their composite structures.The review is organized as follows:(1)a brief introduction to the functionally graded materials(FGM),CNTRCs and FG-CNTRCs;(2)a literature review of the mechanical modeling methodologies and properties of bulk CNTRCs;(3)a detailed discussion on the mechanical behaviors of FG-CNTRCs;and(4)conclusions together with a suggestion of future research trends.     

Two-dimensional magneto-thermoelastic interactions in a micropolar functionally graded solid

Abstract

The present work is concerned with the 2D deformation in a nonhomogeneous, isotropic, micropolar, magneto-thermoelastic medium in the context of Lord-Shulman theory as a result of an inclined load. The inclined load is supposed to be a linear combination of normal load and tangential load. Material properties are assumed to be graded in x-direction. Normal mode technique is proposed to obtain the analytical expressions for the temperature field, displacement components, and stresses. These are also calculated numerically and depicted graphically to observe the variations of the considered physical variables.

Communicated by Seonho Cho.     

具有恒定冲击载荷的梯度泡沫金属材料设计

多胞材料可通过大变形大量地吸收冲击能量,引入密度梯度可进一步提高其耐撞性。梯度多胞材料的宏观力学响应对材料密度分布极为敏感,不同类型的细观构型的影响也极为不同。已有的研究工作主要局限在对给定的密度梯度分析其动态响应,较少对耐撞性设计方法进行研究。本文针对梯度闭孔泡沫金属材料,基于非线性塑性冲击波模型发展了耐撞性反向设计方法,以维持冲击物受载恒定为目标,运用级数法获得了简化模型和渐近解。利用变胞元尺寸法构建了连续梯度变化的三维Voronoi细观有限元模型,并利用ABAQUS/Explicit有限元软件对理论设计进行数值验证。结果表明,反向设计理论简化模型的渐近解对于梯度闭孔泡沫金属材料的耐撞性设计是有效的,所提出的耐撞性设计方法在控制冲击吸能过程和冲击物受载方面具有指导意义。     

功能梯度球形水凝胶的化学力学耦合分析

作为一种新型智能材料,水凝胶具有特殊的化学力学耦合性能.采用功能梯度形式可使得水凝胶具有更好的适应性和可调控性.本研究中假设交联密度沿径向按幂函数规律变化,并基于水凝胶的大变形多场耦合一般理论,采用Flory-Huggins自由能函数,建立了功能梯度球形水凝胶在球对称情形的控制方程,并开展了功能梯度球形水凝胶在给定内压和化学势情行的非均匀大变形溶胀行为的理论研究.计算结果表明,不同梯度指数的球形水凝胶的内压、内孔半径曲线和内压、内表面径向伸长率曲线均呈现出一段稳定区间和另一段不稳定区间,说明内压超出某临界值会发生失稳并导致水凝胶的最终破坏.内压的临界值随梯度指数的增大而增大.研究表明,功能梯度球形水凝胶的材料参数(梯度指数、亲疏水特性、交联密度和溶剂分子的体积)和环境化学势对水凝胶溶胀行为具有重要的影响.在给定内表面压力的情况下,功能梯度球形水凝胶内表面的径向位移随梯度指数的改变接近为线性变化,而随其他参数的影响都呈现出明显的非线性.本研究有助于实现水凝胶智能结构和器件在复杂条件下的精准调控.}      

含非完整界面的功能梯度压电材料Ⅲ型裂纹问题

本文研究了含非完整界面的功能梯度压电复合材料的Ⅲ型裂纹问题．此裂纹垂直于非完整界面,采用弹簧型力电耦合界面模型模拟非完整界面．界面两侧材料的性质,如弹性模量、压电常数和介电常数均假定呈指数函数形式且沿着裂纹方向变化．运用积分变换法将裂纹面条件转换为奇异积分方程,并使用Gauss-Chebyshev方法对其进行数值求解．根据算例结果讨论了一些退化问题并分析了裂纹尖端强度因子与材料的非均匀系数和非完整界面参数的关系．     

半格分次弱Hopf代数的$G$-Cleft扩张

本文首先将Clifford幺半群代数分解为交叉积的半格直和,然后将这个结果通过$H$-$G$-cleft扩张推广到所谓的$G$-交叉积上.     

CONSTRUCTING POINTED WEAK HOPF ALGEBRAS BY ORE-EXTENSION

The main work of this article is to give a nontrivial method to construct pointed semilattice graded weak Hopf algebra At =n i =0Aαi tfrom a Clifford monoid S = [Y; Gα, φα,β ]by Ore-extensions, and to obtain a co-Frobenius semilattice graded weak Hopf algebra H(S, n, c, χ, a, b) through factoring At by a semilattice graded weak Hopf ideal.     

Gr-凝聚环的分次FP-内射维数

引进了分次FP-内射维数，对Gr-凝聚环的分次FP-内射维数作了刻划，将Stentrom等人的若干工作推广到分次环上．     

One-Point Extensions of t-Koszul Algebras

We introduce the category of t-fold modules which is a full subcategory of graded modules over a graded algebra. We show that this subcategory and hence the subcategory of t-Koszul modules are both closed under extensions and cokernels of monomorphisms. We study the one-point extension algebras, and a necessary and sufficient condition for such an algebra to be t-Koszul is given. We also consider the conditions such that the category of t-Koszul modules and the category of quadratic modules coincide.     

变组分AlGaAs/GaAs透射式光电阴极分辨力特性分析

建立了变组分AlGaAs/GaAs光电阴极二维载流子输运连续性方程.在一定的边界条件下,利用数值计算方法对此方程进行求解,得到了变组分AlGaAs/GaAs光电阴极调制传递函数(MTF)理论计算模型.利用该模型计算了透射式变组分和均匀组分阴极的理论MTF,分析了分辨力与Al组分变化范围、入射光子波长、AlGaAs和GaAs层厚度的关系.计算结果表明,变组分阴极与均匀组分阴极相比,阴极分辨力显著提高.当空间频率f在100—500 lp·mm-1区间时,分辨力的提高最为明显,如当f=200 lp·mm-1时,一般可提高150%—260%.变组分阴极分辨力的提高是内建电场作用的结果,但内建电场太大时,也会由于Al组分含量过高而影响阴极的长波响应.