刚体绕瞬心的转动方程的计算机模拟

在《大学物理》上曾对刚体绕瞬心的转动方程进行过广泛深入的讨论，这些讨论都是建立在解析分析的基础上，本则用计算机模拟的方法研究这个方程．计算机模拟的结果不仅形象直观地表现了公式的丰富内涵，也证明计算机模拟是教学研究的一种优秀工具．     

上海深紫外自由电子激光波荡器的端部磁结构设计

 针对固定间隙的上海深紫外自由电子激光（SDUV-FEL）混合型波荡器的端部,用Radia程序进行了模拟计算。在端部不加任何电磁线圈补偿的情况下,通过减小端部磁铁、磁极的体积和变动端部磁极位置的方法对波荡器磁场进行了优化,优化以后波荡器横向磁场的边缘场强度降到5×10^-4 T（距离端部磁块边缘10 mm处）,边缘场波形没有了明显突起,优化后的横向磁场的一次积分曲线和二次积分曲线都有很大改善,端口处的一次积分值、二次积分值接近于零。     

Phase transition in CeSe, EuSe and LaSe under high pressure

The high pressure phase transition and elastic behavior of rare earth monoselenides (CeSe, EuSe and LaSe) which crystallize in a NaCl-structure have been investigated using the three body interaction potential (TBIP) approach. These interactions arise due to the electronshell deformation of the overlapping ions in crystals. The TBP model consists of a long range Coulomb, three body interactions and the short range overlap repulsive forces operative up to the second neighboring ions. The authors of this paper estimated the values of the phase transition pressure and the associated volume collapse to be closer than other calculations. Thus, the TBIP approach also promises to predict the phase transition pressure and pressure variations of elastic constants of lanthanide compounds.      

Hamilton-Poisson formulation for the rotational motion of a rigid body in the presence of an axisymmetric force field and a gyroscopic torque

We give sufficient conditions for the rigid body in the presence of an axisymmetric force field and a gyroscopic torque to admit a Hamilton-Poisson formulation. Even if by adding a gyroscopic torque we initially lose one of the conserved Casimirs, we recover another conservation law as a Casimir function for a modified Poisson structure. We apply this frame to several well-known results in the literature.     

Spectroscopic investigations of femtosecond laser irradiated polystyrene and fabrication of microstructures

We report microfabrication of structures in bulk and thin films of polystyrene (PS) using femtosecond (fs) laser pulses. For the first time to our knowledge, we report emission from the fs laser modified regions of bulk and thin films of PS when excited at 458, 488, and 514 nm. Moreover, we report the existence of peroxide type free radicals, for the first time, in fs laser irradiated bulk PS. We observed the suppression of Raman modes in case of structures fabricated at higher energies and the same effect was noticed in central portion of the structures fabricated. No appreciable broadening was observed in the case of structures fabricated at low energies. Possible applications resulting from such structures are discussed briefly.     

用白炽灯作光源测量普朗克常量--第36届国际奥林匹克物理竞赛实验题分析

介绍了第36届国际奥林匹克物理竞赛“用白炽灯测量普朗克常量”实验,该题利用白炽灯作为辐射源并配合波长滤波器、减光板以及光敏电阻等装置,测量普朗克常量.文章对该实验进行了分析并给出解答.     

上海深紫外自由电子激光装置波荡器磁场调整

 在对上海深紫外项目的波荡器建造过程中,应用亥姆霍兹线圈系统测量了全部单磁块,并使用模拟退火法对磁块进行组合排序优化,使反映磁场的成本函数下降了3个数量级。对一段波荡器进行了多次测量、调整,使积分场、峰峰值误差、位相误差等各项指标达到设计要求。     

Ultrasound assisted enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of waste cooking oil under solvent free condition

The present work demonstrates the hydrolysis of waste cooking oil (WCO) under solvent free condition using commercial available immobilized lipase (Novozyme 435) under the influence of ultrasound irradiation. The process parameters were optimized using a sequence of experimental protocol to evaluate the effects of temperature, molar ratios of substrates, enzyme loading, duty cycle and ultrasound intensity. It has been observed that ultrasound-assisted lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of WCO would be a promising alternative for conventional methods. A maximum conversion of 75.19% was obtained at mild operating parameters: molar ratio of oil to water (buffer pH 7) 3:1, catalyst loading of 1.25% (w/w), lower ultrasound power 100 W (ultrasound intensity – 7356.68 W m⁻²), duty cycle 50% and temperature (50 °C) in a relatively short reaction time (2 h). The activation energy and thermodynamic study shows that the hydrolysis reaction is more feasible when ultrasound is combined with mechanical agitation as compared with the ultrasound alone and simple conventional stirring technique. Application of ultrasound considerably reduced the reaction time as compared to conventional reaction. The successive use of the catalyst for repetitive cycles under the optimum experimental conditions resulted in a loss of enzymatic activity and also minimized the product conversion.     

Nonlocal three-dimensional theory of elasticity with application to free vibration of functionally graded nanoplates on elastic foundations

In the present work, a three-dimensional (3D) elastic plate model capturing the small scale effects is developed for the free vibration of functionally graded (FG) nanoplates resting on elastic foundations. The theoretical model is formulated employing the nonlocal differential constitutive relations of Eringen in conjunction with the 3D equations of motion of elasticity.The material properties are assumed to vary continuously along the thickness of the nanoplate in accordance with the power law formulation. Through extending the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method to the three-dimensional case, the governing equations are simultaneously discretized in every three coordinate directions and are then recast to the standard form of an eigen value problem. Solving the acquired problem, the natural frequencies of the nanoplates with different boundary conditions are calculated. The convergence behavior of the numerical results is checked out and comparison studies are conducted to make sure of the accuracy and reliability of the present model. Finally, the dependence of the vibration behavior of the nanoplate on edge conditions, elastic coefficients of the foundation, scale coefficient, mode number, material and geometric parameters are discussed.     

Application of nanodiamonds in human body fluid analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

Direct mass spectrometric analysis of complex biological samples is very important and challenging. In this paper, nanodiamonds have been successfully used in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric analysis of human serum and urine. As a practical tool and platform, it can be widely used in the field of humoral proteomics, and it plays a very promising role in clinical diagnosis, including identification of novel disease-associated biomarkers.