Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver: Experience of 92 cases

Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) is a combination of three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). To evaluate the feasibility of 3D-CEUS in liver imaging, investigate possible influencing factors to its image quality, and evaluate the influence of 3D-CEUS to clinical outcome, low acoustic power (mechanical index, 0.08-0.13) 3D-CEUS was carried out in 102 focal liver lesions in 92 patients by using the LOGIQ 9 ultrasound scanner and a volume transducer (frequency range, 2-5 MHz; focusing ability, 2-25 cm in depth; azimuth aperture 5.9 cm). The lesions were classified into two groups: group 1 (n = 51) for characterization and group 2 (n = 51) for local treatment response evaluation. The factors that influenced the image quality of 3D-CEUS were analyzed. The image quality and usefulness of 3D-CEUS between the two groups were compared by using the χ²-test. The results showed that the lesion diameter, location, and scanning route had no significant influence on the image quality in both groups, whereas interfering factors damaged the image quality in group 1. In group 1, during arterial phase, high image quality was more frequently found in hyperenhanced and hypo- or non-enhanced lesions compared with isoenhanced lesions. In group 2, interfering factor and local treatment response had no obvious influence on the image quality. The visualization rate of high image quality was 94.1% (48/51) in group 2 vs. 72.6% (37/51) in group 1 (P = 0.012). The investigators found that 3D-CEUS improved confidence but made no change in diagnosis in 19 (37.3%) of 51 lesions in group 1, whereas 41 (80.4%) of 51 lesions in group 2 (P = 0.000). 3D-CEUS tends to obtain better image quality and lead to higher diagnostic confidence in the lesions for local treatment response evaluation, and perhaps is more useful in this aspect in future clinical settings.     

导数FTIR结合统计学法应用于中药延胡索质量控制的研究

提出了用单次反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法直接测定延胡索及其伪品的新方法。采用OMNI采样器直接测定法测定了样品的红外光谱,并经过二阶导数光谱转换后进行峰位一致率检验。结果发现延胡索表皮以内部分和外表皮的二阶导数红外光谱峰位基本无差别,而且不同产地的道地药材具有较好的相关性。表皮以内部分于2050～650cm^-1区域在4cm^-1波长区域单位范围内进行统计学处理,结果延胡索与其伪品的差异性极其显。可以采用二阶导数FTIR结合统计学法直接、快速、准确地对延胡索与其伪品的表皮以内部分进行区别鉴定。     

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱法鉴定小麦品种

利用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱法分析了8个不同小麦品种根部的红外光谱图,对红外光谱图的吸收峰进行了归属分析,通过对各谱图的比对发现,在相同波数范围内,不同的小麦品种其红外谱图的形状、波数及吸收峰的多少有所不同。结果表明不同小麦品种的红外光谱图有明显的差异,其一在2800～2980cm-1波数范围内,此区反映的主要是甲基、亚甲基的伸缩振动,化合物分子链的长短、分子量的大小在此区有显现;其二差别较大的区域在1510～1730cm-1范围内,它反映的主要是酰胺的氮原子及α碳原子取代基的性质,可能是源于基因的差异,此区域内谱图差异较大。因此FTIR光谱法可用于不同小麦品种的鉴别。     

Shades of orthodoxy in Rees-Sushkevich varieties

It is shown that, within the class of Rees-Sushkevich varieties that are generated by completely (0-) simple semigroups over groups of exponent dividing n, there is a hierarchy of varieties determined by the lengths of the products of idempotents that will, if they fall into a group ℋ-class, be idempotent. Moreover, the lattice of varieties generated by completely (0-) simple semigroups over groups of exponent dividing n, with the property that all products of idempotents that fall into group ℋ-classes are idempotent, is shown to be isomorphic to the direct product of the lattice of varieties of groups with exponent dividing n and the lattice of exact subvarieties of a variety generated by a certain five element completely 0-simple semigroup.     

Commuting polarities and maximal partial ovoids of H(4,q2)

In PG(4,q²), q odd, let Q(4,q²) be a non‐singular quadric commuting with a non‐singular Hermitian variety H(4,q²). Then these varieties intersect in the set of points covered by the extended generators of a non‐singular quadric Q₀ in a Baer subgeometry Σ₀ of PG(4,q²). It is proved that any maximal partial ovoid of H(4,q²) intersecting Q₀ in an ovoid has size at least 2(q²+1). Further, given an ovoid O of Q₀, we construct maximal partial ovoids of H(4,q²) of size q³+1 whose set of points lies on the hyperbolic lines 〈P,X〉 where P is a fixed point of O and X varies in O\{P}. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 17: 307–313, 2009     

不同高光谱特征参数区分马铃薯品种的优劣势分析

对马铃薯关键生育期的高光谱遥感图像进行特征提取和分析,提出了一种快速区分不同马铃薯品种的方法。以两个早熟和中熟马铃薯品种为研究对象,采集其块茎形成期、块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期的冠层反射光谱曲线,对实测反射光谱曲线进行Savitzky-Golay滤波平滑和一阶微分处理,以高光谱位置参数、振幅参数、面积参数、宽度参数和反射率参数为研究指标,根据21个高光谱特征参数的贡献率大小,评价了其区分不同马铃薯品种的优劣。结果表明：(1)同一类高光谱特征参数在不同生育期区分马铃薯品种的能力不同: 高光谱位置参数、宽度参数和反射率参数在块茎膨大期区分不同马铃薯品种的能力最强,淀粉积累期次之;高光谱振幅参数和面积参数在淀粉积累期的区分能力最强,块茎膨大期次之,五类高光谱特征参数在块茎形成期的区分能力均最差。(2)同一生育期5类高光谱特征参数区分马铃薯品种的能力也存在差异。在块茎形成期,五类高光谱特征参数的区分能力从强到弱依次为：反射率参数>振幅参数>面积参数>宽度参数>位置参数;在块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期,从强到弱依次为：面积参数>振幅参数>反射率参数>宽度参数>位置参数。综合能力从强到弱依次为：面积参数>振幅参数>反射率参数>宽度参数>位置参数。     

室内高压电弧/电晕的紫外特性分析和测量研究

随着我国电力技术的迅猛发展,因电弧/电晕放电造成高压设备损坏、高压线传输损耗的问题愈加引起重视。完成了电弧/电晕目标在200～1 000 nm的光谱特性测量,发现电弧电晕光谱强度分布主要集中在200～400 nm紫外波段。提出了使用紫外面阵成像技术用于探测研究电弧/电晕的方法,通过一套自制的紫外面阵成像系统,成功实现了对高压电弧/电晕目标进行的实验室内紫外成像,以及氙灯积分球辐射定标与目标反演。实验结果表明,该套紫外面阵成像系统可用于对电弧电晕放电进行实时检测。该研究验证了电弧/电晕的紫外辐射特性,在距离2 m处得到反演后的6 kV电弧的紫外240～280 nm波段的辐照度为3.39×10-5 W·cm-2,为深入开展电弧/电晕的紫外特性研究提供强有力的依据。     

Effect of annular apodization and pupil beam parameter in the focal region of high NA lens

Focusing properties of the radially polarized axisymmetric Bessel-modulated Gaussian beam with quadratic radial dependence (QBG beam) and annular aperture are investigated theoretically by vector diffraction theory. Simulation results show that the intensity distribution in the focal region of the radially polarized axisymmetric QBG beam can be adjusted considerably by small beam parameter (μ) and annular aperture (δ). When μ increases, the focal spot may change to focal hole and changes focal pattern remarkably. On introducing annular aperture, focus can split or extends along the optical axis for different μ. In this paper, we have shown the generation of the focal spot, dark focal spot, focal split and increase in focal depth in the axial direction of the incident beam propagating through the aligned optical system.     

基于哈特曼-夏克波前测量原理的焦距测量

本文从哈特曼-夏克波前测量原理出发,提出了基于波前测量的透镜焦距测量方法|得到了使用这一方法测量焦距的计算公式.使用633 nm和780 nm两种波长的半导体准直激光器作为光源,测量了三片双合透镜的焦距,结果表明,633 nm光源下测量得到的波长与透镜的设计焦距值相吻合,能够正确测量透镜焦距|而780 nm光源的测量结果显示出较大的相对测量偏差,但可用于评估透镜的剩余球差、色差以及制造公差.