基于高校发展战略、教师合理绩效激励与高校发展成果的薪酬激励研究

以东部高校教师绩效收入为样本,基于高校发展战略分别从教师绩效收入三个方面分析发展战略的差异是否导致薪酬激励的差异;各种发展战略分别与何种薪酬激励方式相匹配。分析结果表明高校在选择教师绩效激励模式时应考虑自身发展战略,同时尽量做到绩效激励的合理化。对于高校教师薪酬激励体系设计具有一定的现实意义。     

特朗普政策对中国马歇尔-勒纳条件影响研究

中美贸易关系在特朗普上台后显得愈发紧张, 新一轮大国博弈中, 人民币汇率依旧是双方争论的焦点, 然而人民币贬值对于贸易差额的影响还应考虑到马歇尔~勒纳条件的变化。本文基于2005.7~2017.12月度数据, 结合理论政策机理分析并基于传统定义法点弹性、贸易平衡方程弧弹性以及改进的推算法点弹性测算了马歇尔-勒纳条件, 运用Bayesian-VAR模型实证检验了特朗普政策对中美双边马歇尔-勒纳条件造成的影响, 结果发现:(1)中美双边马歇尔-勒纳条件成立。(2)特朗普退出TPP和减少国内企业税赋的政策对马歇尔-勒纳条件有正向冲击作用, 而加强中国对美投资监管对马歇尔-勒纳条件值有负向冲击作用。在稳健性检验中, 退出TPP和投资监管政策依然有效。(3)特朗普政策对我国马歇尔-勒纳条件短期具有改善作用, 在此条件下人民币汇率短期贬值有利于促进贸易顺差, 长期内不具有可持续性。中国近期大力推行的“对等, 开放”贸易方针对改善经常项目、提振经济基本面、维持汇率长期稳定具有有效性。     

A harmonic polynomial method with a regularization strategy for the boundary value problems of Laplace’s equation

This paper concerns a boundary value problem of Laplace’s equation, which is solved by determining the unknown coefficients in the expansion of harmonic polynomials. A regularization method is proposed to tackle the resulting ill-posed linear system. The stability and convergence results are provided and a validating numerical experiment is presented.     

“家庭”还是“市场”:关于提高农民收入问题的再思考——基于广西壮族自治区南宁市武鸣县小梁村的农户调查

通过梳理我国在增加农民收入上所采取的有关政策、效果评价,总结了学者们对农民收入问题认识的变迁过程,提出农民的收入是其劳动力与其他生产要素相结合的结果,即农民收入是否能够有效地提高,关键在于农民是否可以并且是否愿意灵活地分配其劳动力与其他生产要素相结合。通过运用农户模型(AHM),并基于对广西农户的调研数据进行的线性规划分析,本文得到以下三点结论:首先,专于经济作物种植的农户在收入上仍有较大的增长空间,农业收入依然是他们收入来源和收入增长的主要力量。其次,在实现最优生产决策的前提下,农民仍有大量的劳动时间未被充分利用,这为农民灵活地支配劳动提供了可能。再次,农民是否选择利用剩余的劳动时间离开土地并从事非农产业活动还要根据其种植农作物的品种决定。最后,根据结论提出了相关的对策和建议。     

Arithmetic partial differential equations, II

We continue the study of arithmetic partial differential equations initiated in [7] by classifying “arithmetic convection equations” on modular curves, and by describing their space of solutions. Certain of these solutions involve the Fourier expansions of the Eisenstein modular forms of weight 4 and 6, while others involve the Serre-Tate expansions (Mori, 1995 [13], Buium, 2003 [4]) of the same modular forms; in this sense, our arithmetic convection equations can be seen as “unifying” the two types of expansions. The theory can be generalized to one of “arithmetic heat equations” on modular curves, but we prove that they do not carry “arithmetic wave equations.” Finally, we prove an instability result for families of arithmetic heat equations converging to an arithmetic convection equation.     

The Influence of Dung Amendments on Dissolved Organic Matter in Grassland Soil Leachates - Preliminary Results from a Lysimeter Study

Abstract

Understanding the carbon (C) cycle in grassland pasture systems requires more information about the fate of decomposing dung material within the soil. In this soil lysimeter study we successfully applied the natural ¹³C abundance labelling technique to trace dung-C within a temperate grassland soil. Dung was collected from beef steers fed on either maize (a C₄ plant) or perennial ryegrass (a C₃ plant) silages, and applied to a freely draining (C₃) grassland soil. Leachates were collected from soil lysimeters (0–2.5) and (0–10 cm soil depth) to determine the organic carbon and ¹³C content of < 0.7 μm filtered solution. Leachates were taken from (i) control, no dung added, (ii) C₃ dung and (iii) C₄ dung amended soil. Results showed that, (i) the addition of dung resulted in a tenfold increase in C lost from the lysimeters in drainage waters, (ii) up to 50% of the C present in the leachates was ‘native’ soil C and (iii) the application of dung produced a ‘priming’ effect. Further work is required to verify; (i) whether increased leaching of native C following dung application is a ‘true priming’ phenomenon, or merely the result of ‘displacement’ or ‘pool substitution’ of soil C, and (ii) the precise conditions and mechanisms under which organic amendments induce a true ‘priming’ effect in grassland and other agricultural soils.     

Localized vibrational mode in manganese-doped zinc oxide

The diluted magnetic semiconductor, ZnO:Mn, is studied here theoretically for the defect modes, as this is not well documented in the literature, even though other investigations are reported. Theoretical results are compared with the experimental results.