ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF SOLUTIONS OF NONLINEAR DELAY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Sufficient conditions are established for the asymptotic behavior of solutionsof nonlinear delay differential equations x′(t)+sum from i=1 to m(pi(t)x(t-т_i))=F(t,x_t),t≥0where 0<т_1<т_2<…<т_m≤r,pi∈C([0,∞)),i=1,2,…,m,F∈C([0,∞)×C_0,R).C_0=C([-r,0],R)equipped with the sup norm ||·|| forsome r>0. A new result is established, some known results are improved.     

On a Generalized Cochrane Sum and Its Hybrid Mean Value Formula

The main purpose of this paper is to use a mean value theorem of Dirichlet L-functions to study the asymptotic property of a hybrid mean value of a generalized Cochrane sum, and give an interesting mean value formula.2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary—11F20; Secondary—11F99     

CONVERGENCE OF SOLUTIONS FOR A CLASS OF DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS WITH VARIABLE DELAY

Ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｔｈｅｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｗｉｔｈａｖａｒｉａｂｌｅｄｅｌａｙｘｎ－ｘｎ－１＝Ｆ（ｘｎ，ｘｒ（ｎ），ｎ＝ｎ０，ｎ０＋１，…（１）ｗｈｅｒｅ（Ｈ１）：Ｆ∈Ｃ（Ｒ×Ｒ，Ｒ），Ｆ（ｕ，ｖ）ｉｓｄｅｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｗｉｔｈｒｅｓ...     

Polling systems in heavy traffic: Exhaustiveness of service policies

We study the expected delay in cyclic polling models with general ‘branching-type’ service disciplines. For this class of models, which contains models with exhaustive and gated service as special cases, we obtain closed-form expressions for the expected delay under standard heavy-traffic scalings. We identify a single parameter associated with the service discipline at each queue, which we call the ‘exhaustiveness’. We show that the scaled expected delay figures depend on the service policies at the queues only through the exhaustiveness of each of the service disciplines. This implies that the influence of different service disciplines, but with the same exhaustiveness, on the expected delays at the queues becomes the same when the system reaches saturation. This observation leads to a new classification of the service disciplines. In addition, we show monotonicity of the scaled expected delays with respect to the exhaustiveness of the service disciplines. This induces a complete ordering in terms of efficiency of the service disciplines. The results also lead to new rules for optimization of the system performance with respect to the service disciplines at the queues. Further, the exact asymptotic results suggest simple expected waiting-time approximations for polling models in heavy traffic. Numerical experiments show that the accuracy of the approximations is excellent for practical heavy-traffic scenarios. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mathematical models of innovation diffusion with stage structure

Mathematical models with stage structures are proposed to describe the process of awareness, evaluation and decision-making. First, a system of ordinary differential equations is presented that incorporates the awareness stage and the decision-making stage. If the adoption rate is bilinear and imitations are dominant, we find a threshold above which innovation diffusion is successful. Further, if the adoption rate has a higher nonlinearity, it is shown that there exist bistable equilibria and a region such that an innovation diffusion is successful inside and is unsuccessful outside. Secondly, a model with a time delay is proposed that includes an evaluation stage of a product. It is proved that the system exhibits stability switches. The bifurcation direction of equilibria is also discussed.     

具连续分布滞量的非线性中立型抛物偏泛函微分方程的振动性

考虑一类具连续分布滞量的非线性中立型抛物偏泛函微分方程解的振动性,借助Green定理和时滞微分不等式获得了这类方程在Robin,Dirichlet边值条件下所有解振动的若干充分条件.     

Neutral Community Theory: How Stochasticity and Dispersal-Limitation Can Explain Species Coexistence

Neutral community theory explains biodiversity, i.e. the coexistence of several species, as the result of a stochastic balance between immigration and extinction on a local level, and between speciation and extinction on a regional level. The most popular model, presented by Hubbell in 2001, has seen many analytical developments in recent years, which can be used in model analysis, model testing and model comparison. We review these developments here, and present alternative derivations and shine previously unnoticed lights on them.     

关于局部对称空间中2-调和子流形

本文研究局部对称完备黎曼流形中的紧致2－调和子流形，得到了这类流形第二基本模式长平方的Pinching定理及推广的J．Simons型积分不等式。     

Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Thermodynamics of Black Hole in Higher Dimensional Space-Time

In this paper we discuss thermodynamics parameters of black hole horizon and cosmological horizon in general high-dimensional space-time. We obtain that the entropy of a cosmological horizon can be described by the Cardy-Verlinde formula. However, the entropy of black hole horizon will be expressed in a form of the Cardy-Verlinde formula, if one adopts the methods given by Abbott and Deser to compute the mass of a black hole in general high-dimensional space-time. Through discussion, relation among various thermodynamics parameters of the black hole in general high-dimensional space-time is given. That is, differential formula of the first law of thermodynamics is obtained. Because we discuss the general high-dimensional space-time, our result has universality. PACS: 04.20.Dw, 97.60.Lf     

Counting unrooted maps on the plane

A planar map is a 2-cell embedding of a connected planar graph, loops and parallel edges allowed, on the sphere. A plane map is a planar map with a distinguished outside (“infinite”) face. An unrooted map is an equivalence class of maps under orientation-preserving homeomorphism, and a rooted map is a map with a distinguished oriented edge. Previously we obtained formulae for the number of unrooted planar n-edge maps of various classes, including all maps, non-separable maps, eulerian maps and loopless maps. In this article, using the same technique we obtain closed formulae for counting unrooted plane maps of all these classes and their duals. The corresponding formulae for rooted maps are known to be all sum-free; the formulae that we obtain for unrooted maps contain only a sum over the divisors of n. We count also unrooted two-vertex plane maps.