CM－Ⅰ型多功能擦膜摩擦试验机的研制（Ⅰ）─—原理与构成

评价膜－基体系的综合性能的重要指标是其失效的临界载荷。膜－基体系的失效不仅发生在界面，也有可能发生在镀层或底材之中，或许还有可能发生混合失效，因此，在测试膜－基体系失效的临界载荷方面，即使是已经在国内外得到广泛应用的划痕法也有其弱点，为了使膜－基体系的失效临界载荷的测试尽可能地接近于实际使用工况，更能切近实际地反映膜－基体系的综合承载能力，提出了一种擦膜试验法，并且研制了ＣＭ－Ⅰ型多功能擦膜摩擦试验机，同时还着重就这种试验机的测试原理、构成和标定作了阐述，并对试验机的主要技术参数及其功能与特点作了介绍，为评价和研究膜－基体系的摩擦学特性、失效及综合承载能力提供了一种新手段。     

A new type of visco-plastic flow curve observed in certain concentrated diblock copolymer solutions

A diblock copolymer of styrene and isoprene (hydrogenated) is dissolved in C₁₁/C₁₂ n-paraffins and o-xylene (or cyclohexane) mixtures. An unusual type of flow curve is obtained in certain ranges of composition and under certain conditions of preparation. With increasing shear rates, the flow curve is first of the Bingham type, followed by a sudden shear thickening at almost discrete rate of shear and then by a second branch of almost linear increase. Time independent and reproducible behaviour can be achieved. A linear model is proposed and the possible molecular arrangement that corresponds to this model is discussed.Partly presented at the Annual Meeting of the Deutsche Rheologische Gesellschaft, May 13–15, 1985 in Berlin, FRG     

描述非线性振动的一个数学模型

本文运用保守振动系统的能量守恒定律，论述了一种确定振动系统运动微分方程阻尼函数的方法，以求得与保守系统运动微分方程的解相一致的相平面边界曲线。     

稀土提高铁基自熔合金喷焊层耐磨性的效果与机理

随着表面技术的发展，稀土元素在表面工程中的应用日益受到人们的广泛重视。为了充分发挥我国稀土资源丰富的优势，不断地开拓其新的应用领域，在铁基自熔合金粉末中添加不同量的混合稀土硅铁合金，采用火焰喷焊技术获得涂层，通过摩擦磨损试验和精细的扫描和透射电子显微镜分析，深入地研究了稀土元素对铁基自熔合金涂层组织结构与耐磨性的影响，以及稀土元素的分布与存在形式，同时还对其作用机理进行了初步分析，研究结果表明，添加适量的稀土元素可以明显地提高喷焊合金层的耐磨性和承载能力；稀土元素能够细化喷焊合金层的组织，形成ＬａＢ６相的沉淀折出而强化基体，并能净化晶界，减少硫在晶界上的偏聚。     

混凝土分段曲线损伤模型

在对比分析国内外现有的混凝土受拉损伤模型基础上，结合素混凝土受拉应力应变曲线的试验结果，提出了一个新的混凝土分段曲线损伤模型，并利用应力连续条件确定了损伤模型中各系数的值。运用该模型到力学分析中，推导了矩形截面的混凝土梁在纯弯矩作用下，在损伤较小和损伤较大时的力学方程，算出了梁的最大承载能力，并与材料力学计算的梁承载能力进行了对比。详细分析了损伤区域及损伤应力在横截面上的变化过程，确定了极限状态下含损伤混凝土梁的应力分布和相应的承载能力，画出了损伤状态梁截面的应力分布图。     

定向结晶合金材料全部工程弹性常数的超声测定

采用超声脉冲回波重合法（ＰｕｌｓｅＥｃｈｏＯｖｅｒｌａｐ）对一种定向结晶耐高温合金材料进行了研究，精确测试了该材料中沿不同方向传播的超声纵波及横波的声速，计算出慢度曲线，并确定了材料的全部工程弹性常数．通过对工程弹性常数及慢度曲线对材料进行评价，为其工程应用提供重要依据     

An Approach to Constructing a Rheological Model of a Strain-Hardening Medium

The one-dimensional constitutive equations of strain-hardening materials subject to nonlinear creep are derived. The solution is found using the hypothesis of unified deformation curve based on the similarity of the tensile and isochronic creep curves. A generalized rheological model is constructed which accounts for the instantaneous strain rate, loading rate, and the mode of strain hardening. This model is used to derive one-dimensional constitutive equations for linear viscoelastic, nonlinear viscoelastic, and linear- and nonlinear-hardening viscoelastoplastic materials. It is shown that the creep of linear viscoelastic and linear-hardening viscoelastoplastic materials is transient. For nonlinear viscoelastic and nonlinear-hardening viscoelastoplastic materials, all the characteristic stages of creep are present     

不同表面粗糙度的摩擦副润滑状态的 Stribeck曲线研究

利用Stribeck润滑曲线理论分析和薄膜润滑试验考察了不同表面粗糙度的钢球与圆盘点接触及钢滑块与圆盘面接触摩擦副的润滑状态，通过改变圆盘转速获得了包含薄膜润滑状态的Stribeck曲线．结果表明：在Stribeck曲线上可以划分出薄膜润滑状态，其位于摩擦系数谷底附近；薄膜润滑的产生及其区间大小同圆盘表面粗糙度密切相关；圆盘表面粗糙度较小时更易形成薄膜润滑状态，而圆盘表面粗糙度较大时薄膜润滑状态不明显；光滑表面对应的Stribeck曲线谷底较宽，相应的薄膜润滑区间亦较宽．     

Electronic and thermodynamic properties of α-Pu2O3

Based on density functional theory+U$\text{density functional theory}+U$ calculations and the quasi-annealing simulation method, we obtain the ground electronic state for α-Pu₂O₃ and present its phonon dispersion curves as well as various thermodynamic properties, which have seldom been theoretically studied because of the huge unit cell. We find that the Pu–O chemical bonding is weaker in α-Pu₂O₃ than in fluorite PuO₂, and subsequently a frequency gap appears between oxygen and plutonium vibration density of states. Based on the calculated Helmholtz free energies at different temperatures, we further study the reaction energies for Pu oxidation, PuO₂ reduction, and transformation between PuO₂ and α-Pu₂O₃. Our reaction energy results are in agreements with available experiment. And it is revealed that high temperature and insufficient oxygen environment are in favor of the formation of α-Pu₂O₃.     

Mg、Na原子的嵌入对富勒烯C50的电子传输特性与负微分电阻效应的影响简

采用基于密度泛涵理论的第一性原理和非平衡格林函数方法研究了Mg、Na原子的嵌入对于C50 分子的电子传输特性与负微分电阻效应的影响．结果显示Mg、Na原子的嵌入明显改变了C50分子的负微分电阻效应,且大大增强了C50分子的电子传输性能．