Effective attractive potential between identical dielectric molecules via Lifshitz theory

A general theory of Van der Waals forces developed by Lifshitz based on quantum electrodynamics theory is applied in the range R≪λ₀( where the Casimir effects may be neglected) to construct Van der Waals attractive potential between identical dielectric molecules in rarefied media in order that the effective attractive potential between the like-molecules (including the repeat units) is offered. A closed form solution for the integral formulation of the attractive potential between like-particles is first obtained based on certain assumptions made in this work. On the basis of the theory of electric polarization, the derived expression in terms of bulk properties is then compared with the well-known London formula, the former differs from the latter only by the fact The validity of the effective potential can be verified by testing cases composed of several types of dielectric materials. The computed results are presented in this paper, and comparisons with the results computed by London dispersion formula, as well as the recommended values in virtue of the experimental and theoretical techniques, are also presented. The effective potential of polyethylene is also computed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model, and it is found that the computed well depth fall within a reasonable range of accuracy.     

Radiation effects on a GE:GA photoconductive detector

We have investigated radiation effects on a Ge:Ga photoconductive infrared detector at low photon background level of 4×10⁸ ph cm^–2s^–1, using Cobalt 60 as a gamma ray source. The irradiation immediately induced spike noises which degrded NEP (short term effect), while it gradually increased responsivity (long term effect). After the removal of the gamma ray source, the spikes disappeared while the responsivity still stayed in a higher level and gradually decreased with a time scale of several hours. The responsivity-change-rate before and after the irradiation is smaller for a higher bias voltage. Finally we have made the first trial to cure the long term effect, using a flashing procedure and have found out its effectiveness.     

Effective Reducibility of a Class of Linear Differential Equations with Quasiperiodic Coefficients

In this paper we consider the effective reducibility of the following linear differentialequation: x = (A ∈Q(t,∈))x, |∈| ≤ ∈0, where A is a constant matrix, Q(t,e) is quasiperiodic in t, and e is a small perturbation parameter. We prove that if the eigenvalues of A and the basic frequencies of Q satisfy some non-resonant conditions, the linear differential equation can be reduced to y = (A^*(∈) R^*(t, ∈))y, |∈| ≤ ∈o, where R^* is exponentially small in ∈.     

Hydrodynamic limit for the Ginzburg-Landau ∇φ interface model with boundary conditions

Hydrodynamic limit for the Ginzburg-Landau interface model was established in [6] under periodic boundary conditions. This paper studies the same problem on a bounded domain imposing Dirichlet boundary conditions. A nonlinear partial differential equation of second order with boundary conditions is derived as a macroscopic equation. The main tools are H ^–1-method used in [6] and the higher integrability of gradients in [2].The author was supported by DFG project De 663/2-2 and 2/3 from April, 2001 to March, 2002, and by JSPS reserch fellowship for young scientists from April, 2002. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 60K35, 82C24, 35K55     

An estimate of shape distribution of small CdS particles with luminescence spectra

The optical properties of CdS particles with different shapes are compared. The particles, characterized by spherical and rectangular shapes, were obtained with chemical and pounding methods, respectively. Then the particles were calibrated against their shapes. Obtained particles were investigated with the help of transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence technique, and theoretical modeling. Absorption spectra were calculated via dissipative function in terms of local field approach. It was established that the comparison of experimental and theoretical results can give the additional information on particles, in particular, its shape and the shape distribution.     

彝药双参主须根有效成分FTIR分析

双参是一味彝医特色用药。本文获取了双参主根和须根的红外特征谱,发现二者相差较大。分析表明主根和须根所含主要成分不同,主根含淀粉较多,须根含纤维素较多。文章还分析了双参的IR图谱和有效成分(即药物活性)之间的关系。实验结果表明,主根和须根的药物活性也不完全相同。在两者的图谱中在1373cm-1和1245cm-1处都有峰,表明主根、须根都有活血化瘀的功能;此外主根在931cm-1处有峰,有保肝的活性;须根却在894cm-1,832cm-1处有峰,表示须根有抗肝炎作用,最后在须根中还含有生物碱(在1736部分cm-1处有小峰),说明它还有杀菌解毒功能。本文对双参的主根和须根的不同药效提供了分子依据,对彝药的有效成分与IR图谱的联系作出了首次初步探索。     

Line positions and intensities of acetylene in the 2.2-μm region

More than 440 line positions and intensities of 8 bands of acetylene are measured in the 2.2-μm spectral region. A multispectrum fitting procedure has been applied to retrieve line parameters. The average absolute accuracy of the line parameters obtained in this work is estimated to be ±0.0005 cm⁻¹ for the line positions, and ±5% for the line intensities. Vibrational transition dipole moment and Herman-Wallis coefficients are determined for two of the studied bands. An unusual rotational dependence of the vibrational-rotational transition dipole moment of remaining bands has been found. All measured line intensities are treated simultaneously within the framework of the effective operators approach. The sets of effective dipole moment parameters obtained reproduce the observed line intensities within the experimental uncertainty.     

Line intensity measurements in N2O and their treatment using the effective dipole moment approach.II. The 5400-11 000 cm region

The absorption spectrum of N₂O, at room temperature, was recorded in the 5400-11 000 cm^-1 region at resolutions ranging from 0.008 cm^-1 near 5400 to 0.023 cm^-1 near 11 000 cm^-1 using a Bruker IFS120HR Fourier transform spectrometer. Sample pressure/absorption path length products ranging from 200 to 4700 mbar×m were used. More than 6000 absolute line intensities have been measured in 64 different bands of ¹⁴N₂¹⁶O. Using wavefunctions previously determined from a global fit of an effective Hamiltonian to more than 18 000 line positions [Tashkun SA, Perevalov VI, and Teffo JL, to be published], the experimental intensities measured in this work and by Toth [J Mol Spectrosc 1999;197:158-87] were fit using 62 parameters of a corresponding effective dipole moment, with residuals very close to the experimental uncertainty.     

Modeling of radiative heat transfer in 3D complex boiler with non-gray sooting media

The radiative heat transfer problem is solved for 3D complex industrial boiler with five baffles containing a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor for non-uniform temperature fields. A numerical formulation using the FTn finite volume method coupled with the bounded high-order resolution CLAM scheme, the blocked-off-region procedure and the narrow-band based weighted-sum-of-gray-gases (WSGG) [Kim OJ, Song T-H. Data base of WSGGM-based spectral model for radiation properties of combustion products, JQSRT 2000; 64: 379-94] model is adapted. The effect of soot volumetric fraction, particle temperature and uniform particle concentration on the radiative heat flux and radiative heat source is investigated and discussed. Also the advantages, in non-gray media, of the FTnFVM compared to the classical FVM are highlighted.     

CW-Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy of the ozone molecule in the 5980-6220 cm region

The absorption spectrum of ozone, ¹⁶O₃, has been recorded in the 5980-6220 cm⁻¹ region by high sensitivity CW-Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (α_min ∼ 3 × 10⁻¹⁰ cm⁻¹). This study extends a first investigation with the same experimental set-up limited to the 6030-6090 cm⁻¹ spectral region [M.-R. De Backer-Barilly, A. Barbe, Vl.G. Tyuterev, D. Romanini, B. Moeskops, A. Campargue, J. Mol. Struct. 780-781 (2006) 225-233] where the analysis of two A-type bands was reported, using FTS spectra for complementary information. The spectral extension of the recordings allows not only to enlarge considerably the observed transitions of these two bands, but more importantly, to assign four new bands: the 3ν₂ + 4ν₃,5ν₁ + ν₂ and ν₁ + 2ν₂ + 4ν₃ B-type bands which were considered as dark in our previous report and the 3ν₁ + 3ν₂ + ν₃ A-type band. The high mixing of the observed states approaching the dissociation limit, leads to the breakdown of the polyad structure and ambiguities in the vibrational labelling which are discussed. Finally, 1789 transitions were assigned, and a suitable Hamiltonian model allows reproducing correctly the observations for five of the six observed bands. The list of 1004 experimentally determined energy levels is provided. The determined effective Hamiltonian and transition moment operators were used to generate a list of 5338 transitions given as Supplementary Material. It is interesting to note that the d₅ parameter of the effective transition moment is of great importance to account for the observed intensities of the B-type bands.