Coherence properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical superlattice

We study the effect of a one dimensional optical superlattice on the superfluid properties (superfluid fraction, number squeezing, dynamic structure factor) and the quasi-momentum distribution of the Mott-insulator. We show that due to the secondary lattice, there is a decrease in the superfluid fraction and the number fluctuation. The dynamic structure factor which can be measured by Bragg spectroscopy is also suppressed due to the addition of the secondary lattice. The visibility of the interference pattern (the quasi-momentum distribution) of the Mott-insulator is found to decrease due to the presence of the secondary lattice. Our results have important implications in atom interferometry and quantum computation in optical lattices.     

爆磁压缩发生器的爆炸管动力学效应

 对爆磁压缩发生器中爆炸管2维动力学简化模型进行了模拟计算,分析表明：径向膨胀速度会随径向位置（或者时间）的变化而变化,因此膨胀角也会随径向位置（或者时间）发生变化。对各时间点（或位置点）处的膨胀速度进行了平均,求得理论上的平均膨胀速度,再将该平均膨胀速度与实验测量值进行了比较。模拟结果给出了径向膨胀速度受到端头效应影响的情况,这可为改进实验结果提供参考。由于径向速度与轴向速度的比值一般在5以上,用作爆炸管的物质质量越大,这一比值就越大,因此选择密度较大的金属材料作为爆炸管,可减少滑移。应用2D简化模型计算出的膨胀角数值,与Gurney模型以及1D模型进行了比较,它们之间的差别可能主要来自2D效应。     

Real-time spectroscopy of Frenkel exciton system

We performed selective excitations of the first- and second-excited Frenkel exciton states (Q- and B-excitons) with use of sub-40-fs and sub-5-fs visible laser pulses. The transient absorption signals exhibit oscillatory features associated with molecular vibrations. From an analysis of the spectral profiles of the phase and amplitude of the oscillation, the experimental result is well explained by the modulated transition dipole moment, which is caused by the dynamic intensity borrowing from the intense B-transition to the weak Q-transition.     

应用近红外光谱和多算法融合方法分析烤烟的香型风格特征

以全国17个主要烤烟产地省份中收集的3 914个烟叶样品的近红外光谱为实验对象,其中浓香型、中间香型、清香型烟叶光谱分别865条、1 403条、1 646条,应用近红外光谱和多算法融合方法分析其香型风格特征。在以产地进行初步划分烟叶香型以及认可过渡型和非典型香型类型的基础上,选取基于主成分及Fisher准则的投影法(PPF)、偏最小二乘判别(DPLS)、支持向量机(SVM)作为单分类器,得到各个算法第1和2判别分析结果;应用PPF-DPLS-SVM融合和各算法第1和2判别分析结果,将预测验证样品的分析结果详细划分为典型、过渡型、非典型香型样品(分别为493,392,115个);其中典型香型烟叶样品的判别准确率达到92.7%,较未进行典型样品划分时PPF,DPLS,SVM单算法的识别准确率分别提高了30.2%,15.4%,16.6%。样品数据来源于全国主要烤烟产地,数据量大,代表性较好,分析结果具有一定普遍性;提出的多算法融合分析方法大幅度提高了通过客观数据判别烤烟香型的准确率;同时,将烤烟香型细划分为典型、过渡型和非典型香型的方式,对烤烟烟叶原料的科学合理利用以及烟叶原料的模块化工业加工等有指导作用。     

Dynamic instabilities in scalar neural field equations with space-dependent delays

In this paper we consider a class of scalar integral equations with a form of space-dependent delay. These nonlocal models arise naturally when modelling neural tissue with active axons and passive dendrites. Such systems are known to support a dynamic (oscillatory) Turing instability of the homogeneous steady state. In this paper we develop a weakly nonlinear analysis of the travelling and standing waves that form beyond the point of instability. The appropriate amplitude equations are found to be the coupled mean-field Ginzburg-Landau equations describing a Turing-Hopf bifurcation with modulation group velocity of O(1). Importantly we are able to obtain the coefficients of terms in the amplitude equations in terms of integral transforms of the spatio-temporal kernels defining the neural field equation of interest. Indeed our results cover not only models with axonal or dendritic delays but also those which are described by a more general distribution of delayed spatio-temporal interactions. We illustrate the predictive power of this form of analysis with comparison against direct numerical simulations, paying particular attention to the competition between standing and travelling waves and the onset of Benjamin-Feir instabilities.     

Spatial and temporal resolution effects on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance mammography

We tested the hypothesis that partial volume effects due to poor in-plane resolution and/or low temporal resolution used in clinical dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging results in erroneous diagnostic information based on inaccurate estimates of tumor contrast agent extravasation and tested whether reduced encoding techniques can correct for dynamic data volume averaging. Image spatial resolution was reduced from 469 x 469 microm2 to those reported below by selecting a subset of k-space data. We then compared the top five K(trans)/V(T) "hot spots" obtained from the original data set, 469 x 469-microm in-plane spatial resolution and an 18-s temporal resolution processed by fast Fourier transform (FFT), with values obtained from data sets having in-plane spatial resolutions of 938 x 938, 1875 x 1875 and 2500 x 2500 microm2 and a temporal resolution of 18 s, or data sets with temporal resolutions of 36, 54 and 72 and a spatial resolution of 469 x 469 microm2, and found them to statistically differ from the parent data sets. We then tested four different post processing methods for improving the spatial resolution without sacrificing temporal resolution: zero-filled FFT, keyhole, reduced-encoding imaging by generalized-series reconstruction (RIGR) and two-reference RIGR (TRIGR). The top five values of K(trans)/V(T) obtained from data sets, the in-plane spatial resolutions of which were improved to 469 x 469 microm2 by zero-filling FFT, Keyhole and RIGR, statistically differed from those obtained from the original 469 x 469 microm2 FFT parent image data set. Only the 938 x 938 and 1875 x 1875 microm2 data sets reconstructed to 469 x 469 microm2 with TRIGR reconstruction method yielded values of the top five K(trans)/V(T) hot spots statistically the same as the original parent data set, 469 x 469 microm2 in-plane spatial and 18-s temporal-resolution FFT. That is, partial volume effects from data sets of different in-plane spatial resolution resulted in statistically different values of the top five K(trans)/V(T) hot spots relative to a high spatial and temporal resolution data set, and TRIGR reconstruction of these low resolution data sets to high resolution images provided statistically similar values with a savings in temporal resolution of 2 to 4 times.     

Generating Artificial Reverberation via Genetic Algorithms for Real-Time Applications

We introduce a Virtual Studio Technology (VST) 2 audio effect plugin that performs convolution reverb using synthetic Room Impulse Responses (RIRs) generated via a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The parameters of the plugin include some of those defined under the ISO 3382-1 standard (e.g., reverberation time, early decay time, and clarity), which are used to determine the fitness values of potential RIRs so that the user has some control over the shape of the resulting RIRs. In the GA, these RIRs are initially generated via a custom Gaussian noise method, and then evolve via truncation selection, random weighted average crossover, and mutation via Gaussian multiplication in order to produce RIRs that resemble real-world, recorded ones. Binaural Room Impulse Responses (BRIRs) can also be generated by assigning two different RIRs to the left and right stereo channels. With the proposed audio effect, new RIRs that represent virtual rooms, some of which may even be impossible to replicate in the physical world, can be generated and stored. Objective evaluation of the GA shows that contradictory combinations of parameter values will produce RIRs with low fitness. Additionally, through subjective evaluation, it was determined that RIRs generated by the GA were still perceptually distinguishable from similar real-world RIRs, but the perceptual differences were reduced when longer execution times were used for generating the RIRs or the unprocessed audio signals were comprised of only speech.     

A flexible fast 3D profilometry based on modulation measurement

This paper proposes a flexible fast profilometry based on modulation measurement. Two orthogonal gratings through a beam splitter are vertically projected on an object surface, and the measured object is placed between the imaging planes of the two gratings. Then the image of the object surface modulated by the orthogonal gratings can be obtained by a CCD camera in the same direction as the grating projection. This image is processed by the operations consisting of performing the Fourier transform, spatial frequency filtering and inverse Fourier transform. Using the modulation distributions of two grating patterns, we can reconstruct the 3D shape of the object. In the measurement process, we only need to capture one fringe pattern, so it is faster than the MMP and remains the advantages of it. In the article, the principle of this method, the setup of the measurement system, some simulations and primary experiment results are given. The simulative and experimental result proves it can restore the 3D shape of the complex object fast and comparatively accurate. Because only one fringe pattern is needed in the testing, our method has a promising extensive application prospect in real-time acquiring and dynamic measurement of 3D data of complex objects.     

The short-time critical behaviour of the Ginzburg-Landau model with long-range interaction

The renormalisation group approach is applied to the study of the short-time critical behaviour of the d-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau model with long-range interaction of the form in momentum space. Firstly the system is quenched from a high temperature to the critical temperature and then relaxes to equilibrium within the model A dynamics. The asymptotic scaling laws and the initial slip exponents and of the order parameter and the response function respectively, are calculated to the second order in . Received 9 June 2000 and Received in final form 2 August 2000     

多参量可调谐的Bragg波导光栅滤波器设计(英文)

为了解决基于光纤布喇格光栅和压电陶瓷结构的任意光脉冲整形器在动态调谐时存在不足的问题,提出并设计了一种波长、相位、幅度参量独立可调的Bragg波导光栅滤波器,以实现谐振波长及谐振波相位快速独立的线性调控.理论分析表明:波长和相位的理论调谐效率分别为15.6pm/V和0.2π/V,滤波器的输出光强度可以通过偏振旋转器控制.基于转移矩阵理论的仿真分析发现:该滤波器在蚀刻占空比为1/2时反射率最大,光栅长度为10.869mm,蚀刻深度大于100nm时,可以获得98.4%以上的反射率和大于0.14nm的带宽;增大波长调谐电压会进一步降低滤波带宽.