时间敏感选项依赖下的基础设施恢复决策研究

突发事件发生后,基础设施之间的恢复依赖为恢复过程带来了严重挑战。为了能够在突发事件后高效而有序的实现基础设施恢复运行,根据相互之间的恢复依赖关系制定合理的恢复决策非常关键。本文基于网络流理论,以累积恢复效能最大化为目标,建立了时间敏感选项依赖下的恢复设计与调度决策混合整数规划模型。然后,讨论了模型在完全中心化、完全分散和信息共享决策环境下的应用方法。最后,通过真实基础设施数据集测试了模型,结果表明:(1)该模型在突发事件后的基础设施恢复决策中具有应用可行性;(2)决策环境显著影响存在恢复依赖的基础设施网络整体累积恢复效能;(3)与完全分散决策环境相比,在信息共享决策环境下独立决策的整体累积恢复效能可以得到大幅提升。     

多集值信息表中的多粒度模糊决策论粗糙集

多粒度粗糙集和决策论粗糙集是Pawlak粗糙集的重要推广,目前已成为人工智能研究的热点.然而,它们大多处理的都是单值信息系统中的问题.而实际生活中绝大多数都是处理多值问题,为了解决这一问题,在多集值信息表中将多粒粗糙集与模糊决策论粗糙集相结合进行研究,提出了其在乐观,悲观情形下的上下近似,研究了一些相关性质并给出了多集值信息表中的多粒度模糊决策论粗糙集精度、粗度的概念,最后通过一个具体例子验证其有效性.     

地下水脆弱性风险预警和评估的区间三角模糊多属性决策模型

应用基于逼近理想解排序法的区间三角模糊多属性决策模型,对三江平原六大分区地下水脆弱性进行了风险预警和评估.评估结果与前人吻合,可为有关决策部门采取相应降低环境风险的措施提供参考.实例验证表明,模型具有更高的计算精度和更好的评价效果,为有关环境风险决策部门对地下水风险预警和评估提供了新的思路和方法.     

贴牌生产供应链混合渠道构建基础及优化机理研究

研究由制造商和品牌商组成的混合渠道贴牌生产供应链渠道结构优化问题,制造商通过直销和贴牌两条渠道销售产品.通过与单一渠道比较,分别推导出制造商和品牌商选择混合渠道的依据和优越性,进而归纳出双方共同接受混合渠道的制造商生产成本和品牌商品牌溢价优化条件,分析了渠道转移系数对双方构建混合渠道结构条件的影响,得出了制造商生产成本和品牌商品牌溢价作为竞争要素的互动决策改进贴牌供应链整体绩效的优化机理.     

An in silico expert system for the identification of eye irritants

This report describes development of an in silico, expert rule-based method for the classification of chemicals into irritants or non-irritants to eye, as defined by the Draize test. This method was developed to screen data-poor cosmetic ingredient chemicals for eye irritancy potential, which is based upon exclusion rules of five physicochemical properties – molecular weight (MW), hydrophobicity (log P), number of hydrogen bond donors (HBD), number of hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA) and polarizability (Pol). These rules were developed using the ADMET Predictor software and a dataset of 917 eye irritant chemicals. The dataset was divided into 826 (90%) chemicals used for training set and 91 (10%) chemicals used for external validation set (every 10th chemical sorted by molecular weight). The sensitivity of these rules for the training and validation sets was 72.3% and 71.4%, respectively. These rules were also validated for their specificity using an external validation set of 2011 non-irritant chemicals to the eye. The specificity for this validation set was revealed as 77.3%. This method facilitates rapid screening and prioritization of data poor chemicals that are unlikely to be tested for eye irritancy in the Draize test.     

基于状态指标的更新决策方法研究

针对设备在实际运行和执行任务时经常涉及到维修、更新报废等管理活动缺乏定量模型支撑的问题,提出了利用典型部件的预测寿命和非典型部件的历史寿命对设备系统级的健康状态进行综合评估的方法,建立了一种以状态指标为决策序列的动态规划更新决策方法。该方法能综合考虑维修费用和更新费用,确定最优更新决策,降低保障费用,有效的提高了设备的经济效益。最后经过案例分析证明了该方法的有效性,对于提高设备的保障能力和经济效益提供了理论支撑和方法指导。     

An Edge Server Placement Method Based on Reinforcement Learning

In mobile edge computing systems, the edge server placement problem is mainly tackled as a multi-objective optimization problem and solved with mixed integer programming, heuristic or meta-heuristic algorithms, etc. These methods, however, have profound defect implications such as poor scalability, local optimal solutions, and parameter tuning difficulties. To overcome these defects, we propose a novel edge server placement algorithm based on deep q-network and reinforcement learning, dubbed DQN-ESPA, which can achieve optimal placements without relying on previous placement experience. In DQN-ESPA, the edge server placement problem is modeled as a Markov decision process, which is formalized with the state space, action space and reward function, and it is subsequently solved using a reinforcement learning algorithm. Experimental results using real datasets from Shanghai Telecom show that DQN-ESPA outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms such as simulated annealing placement algorithm (SAPA), Top-K placement algorithm (TKPA), K-Means placement algorithm (KMPA), and random placement algorithm (RPA). In particular, with a comprehensive consideration of access delay and workload balance, DQN-ESPA achieves up to 13.40% and 15.54% better placement performance for 100 and 300 edge servers respectively.     

需求弹性在价格决策中的应用

将着眼点由总收益改变为总利润,对于需求弹性用于价格决策,利用微积分方法,分5种情况进行推导,得到的结论修正和补充了现行"经济数学"、"市场营销学"和"管理经济学"等教科书里讲的内容,并在此基础上进一步研究了最佳调价量问题.     

自适应H.264可变块编码模式选择算法

为了减少H.264/AVC帧间编码模式选择的计算复杂度,利用编码模式之间的相关性以及视频序列时空域的相关性,提出了有选择性的小块搜索技术和有选择性的帧内编码模式搜索技术。模拟结果表明,该算法在保持率失真性能的前提下可以大幅度减少模式选择的计算复杂度,有利于H.264的实时应用。     

基于联合变换相关器的Dempster-Shafer理论计算

提出了用联合变换相关器(JTC)来实现证据理论概率分配函数正交和的光学计算,在理论上对于如何用联合变像相关器实现证据理论分配函数正交和作了详细的讨论,并作了相应的仿真测试,结果显示该方法是可行的。与John Caulfield提出的用声光器件矢量外积实现的正交和计算相比,在该结构中由于采用二进制编码的数值计算,因此其计算精度得到了提高,同时对联合变换相关器输入端二进制编码的数值空间位置的适当调整可以直接得到所需要的证据理论正交和矢量,在处理步骤上得到了简化。