基于二次插值的非饱和土壤水流问题的特征差分方法及数值模拟

本文针对一类非饱和土壤水流问题,提出了基于二次插值的特征差分格式,得到了严谨的L2模误差估计.并作了数值试验,指明方法的有效性.     

Reconstruction of the Point-Spread Function of the Human Eye Using a New Phase-Retrieval Algorithm

The double-pass method is thought to obtain the point spread function (PSF) in human eyes based on two techniques: the symmetric double-pass method using the same pupil size and the asymmetric double-pass method using a different pupil size. The symmetric double-pass method provides autocorrelation of the retinal PSF and, thus, the modulation transfer function. The asymmetric double-pass method provides low-frequency partial-phase information and the partial phase-retrieval algorithm is applied to obtain the complete-phase information, and to estimate the PSF. The partial phase-retrieval algorithm is based on the iteration method proposed by Fineup and Kowalczyk and requires a lengthy computation. In this study, we propose a new high-speed phase-retrieval algorithm based on the property that the real and imaginary parts of optical transfer functions (OTFs) continuously change in value.     

Numerical simulation of the spatiotemporal evolution of a nanoparticle–plasma system

A one-dimensional nanodusty plasma was modeled by self-consistently coupling a plasma model with nanoparticle growth, charging, and transport models. As nanoparticles grow from subnanometer to tens of nm in diameter, the numerical results predict a rich spatiotemporal structure, including four distinct temporal phases: a charge-limited phase, a charge accumulation phase, an early ion drag phase, and a sheath interaction phase.     

Necessary conditions for multistationarity in discrete dynamical systems

R. Thomas conjectured, 20 years ago, that the presence of a positive circuit in the interaction graph of a dynamical system is a necessary condition for the presence of several stable states. Recently, E. Remy et al. stated and proved the conjecture for Boolean dynamical systems. Using a similar approach, we generalize the result to discrete dynamical systems, and by focusing on the asynchronous dynamics that R. Thomas used in the course of his analysis of genetic networks, we obtain a more general variant of R. Thomas’ conjecture. In this way, we get a necessary condition for genetic networks to lead to differentiation.     

Students’ Reasoning About One-Object Stochastic Phenomena in an ICT-Environment

This paper focuses on the different ways in which students in lower secondary school (14–16 year olds) experience compound random events, presented to them in the form of combined junctions. A carefully designed ICT environment was developed enabling the students to interact with different representations of such structures. Data for the analysis was gathered from two interview sessions. The analysis of the interaction is based on constructivist principles on learning; i.e. we adopted a student-oriented perspective, taking into consideration the different ways students try to make sense of chance encounters. Our results show how some students give priority to geometrical and physical concerns, and we discuss how seeking causal explanations of random phenomena may have encouraged this. With respect to numerically oriented models a division strategy appears to stand out as the preferred one.     

一类二元相关威布尔分布的可靠性问题

本文考虑生存函数为${\ol{F}(x_{1},x_{2})}=\exp\{-[(x_{1}^{1/\alpha}/\theta_{1})^{1/\delta}+(x_{2}^{1/\alpha}/\theta_{2})^{1/\delta}]^{\delta}\},\;x_{i}>0,\;\alpha>0$, $1\geq\delta>0,\;\theta_{i}>0\;(i=1,2)$的二元威布尔分布的两种可靠性问题, 提出可靠度$\pr$的估计并讨论了它们的渐近性, 最后还作了模拟计算.     

等效电流偶极子(ECD)模型在MCG场源定位中的应用

等效电流偶极子(ECD)模型具有简要明确性，已经在心磁图(MCG)的逆问题中，如确定WPW综合症、心脏异常搏动根源、心律失常等方面，得到广泛应用．在多通道体表电势图(BSPM)的测量中也应用ECD．本文讨论用ECD的定位方法，临床研究仿真对ECD获得结果的描述，造影与动物研究和体导体模型的影响．     

稀薄气体二维外部柱体绕流特性研究

本文采用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法对稀薄气体二维外部柱体绕流问题进行了数值模拟。结果表明:外部绕流问题,在特定情况下会产生激波,激波的产生,不仅与气体的稀薄程度有关,还与来流马赫数有关。而气流与壁面之间的换热,随来流马赫数增加而增加,随气体稀薄程度增加而减小。     

混凝土动态劈裂拉伸试验的数值模拟

采用LS-DYNA有限元编码程序，对混凝土的动态劈裂拉伸试验进行了数值模拟，给出了混凝土试样在不同类型加载情况下应力分布之间的差异，证实了动态劈裂拉伸试验的有效性，提出了改进试验方法的若干结论．     

环形燃烧室火焰简及旋流器流场计算

本文采用偏微分方程法生成贴体网格,在任意曲线坐标系下数值研究两种先进燃烧室火焰筒及其旋流器三维紊流流场。由于旋流器的形状复杂,本文采用型线定点法确定网格的边界。在非交错网格系下采用SIMPLE算法和混合差分格式对离散方程进行求解。计算结果表明计算方法合理,这计算程序进一步扩展,可用来预估环形燃烧室反应流流场。