A computational analysis of the ballistic performance of light-weight hybrid composite armors

The ability of hybrid light-weight fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composite laminate armor to withstand the impact of a fragment simulating projectile (FSP) is investigated using a non-linear dynamics transient computational analysis. The hybrid armor is constructed using various combinations and stacking sequences of a high-strength/high-stiffness carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy (CFRE) and a high-ductility/high-toughness Kevlar fiber-reinforced epoxy (KFRE) composite laminates of different thicknesses. The results obtained indicate that at a fixed thickness of the armor both the stacking sequence and the number of CFRE/KFRE laminates substantially affect the ballistic performance of the armor. Specifically, it is found that the armor consisting of one layer of KFRE and one layer of CFRE, with KFRE laminate constituting the outer surface of the armor, possesses the maximum resistance towards the projectile-induced damage and failure. The results obtained are rationalized using an analysis of the elastic wave reflection and transmission behavior at the inter-laminate and laminate/air interfaces.     

竹材层合板弯曲破坏机理的实验研究

竹材层合板是为了满足一定的使用要求，由多层单向板按同一方向整齐排列、胶合、加热固化处理而成的复合结构体。由于竹材层合板的各向异性和非均匀性，它的力学行为十分复杂，特别是弯曲时不仅各个单层产生损伤破坏，而且伴随着层间胶接层的开裂。本文对竹材层合板的弯曲破坏特征进行实验研究；一系列包含变形信息的数字散斑图像被记录；采用数字散斑相关技术(DSCM)提取了三点弯曲变形过程中的面内位移场信息，分析了不同变形阶段的位移场；给出了不同弯曲变形阶段试件的应变场分布和应变集中现象；分析了中性轴在胶层开裂、层内纤维撕裂等复杂应力情况下的演化过程及规律。最终一些宏微观破坏机制被分析，例如基体开裂，界面损伤与撕裂，界面与裂纹作用等。这些研究结果将为竹材层合板的破坏机理等力学行为的研究和工程应用开发提供实验依据。     

A Novel Method for Uncertainty Inverse Problems and Application to Material Characterization of Composites

A novel method is suggested to deal with so-called uncertainty inverse problems (UIPs) which are a class of inverse problems with uncertainty in the system parameters of the forward model. Interval which represents a closed bounded set of real numbers is used to model and characterize the uncertainty in our formulation, and hence only the bounds of the uncertainty of the system parameters are needed. For a specific input vector, the possible values of the outputs form an interval vector because of the uncertainty. An error function is defined using the measured interval vector of the outputs and those computed using a forward model. The UIP is then formulated as an optimization problem which minimizes the error function. To improve the optimization efficiency, an interval forward model is constructed based on the interval analysis method which can calculate very efficiently the bounds of the outputs caused by the uncertainty of the system parameters. The present method is applied to a complex inverse problem, namely material characterization of composite laminates using elastic waves. Uncertainty of load is considered, and the hybrid numerical method (HNM) is used to compute the transient displacement responses. The engineering constants of two kinds of laminates are successfully identified using the simulated measurements of the outputs.     

计及界面损伤的复合材料正交(混杂)叠层板的应力集中分析

对正交(混杂)叠层复合材料最终拉伸破坏过程中的细观应力集中问题,提出了一种修正的剪滞分析模型;研究了叠层中由于90°层的基体开裂、层间界面破坏、0°层中部分纤维断裂及纤维/基体界面损伤相互作用所导致的细观应力重新分布,获得了相应的应力集中因子和界面破坏区长度与界面剪切强度的定量关系。本文结果为进一步研究正交叠层复合材料的细观破坏机理、最终拉伸强度及协同效应等提供了重要的理论依据。     

Aeroelastic dynamics stability of rotating sandwich annular plate with viscoelastic core layer

A dynamic model for a rotating sandwich annular plate with a viscoelastic core layer is developed. All fundamental equations and boundary conditions are established based on Hamilton’s principle, and the rotation effect and viscoelastic properties of the sandwich structure are taken into account. The aerodynamics force acting on the plate is described by a rotating damping model, and the constitutive behavior of the viscoelastic core layer is formulated by the frequency-dependent complex modulus. The effects of geometrical and material parameters on frequencies and damping of forward and backward traveling waves and the dynamic stability for the rotating sandwich plate are numerically analyzed by means of Galerkin’s method. The results show that the critical and flutter speeds of the rotating plate can be increased at some certain parameters of the viscoelastic core layer.     

先张预应力CFL加固RC梁预应力损失的实验研究

由于预应力碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)加固钢筋混凝土(RC)结构技术能够充分发挥其优异的力学性能而备受关注。本文以预应力碳纤维薄板(CFL)加固RC桥梁结构为研究对象,研制了采用先张法对CFL施加预应力的实验装置,提出了先张预应力CFL加固RC梁的实验方法及其预应力损失的监测方法,并在3个预应力水平下对RC梁实施了预应力CFL加固,测试和分析了CFL的预应力损失演化规律。研究结果表明,本文提出的先张预应力CFL加固RC梁以及预应力损失测试的方法是可行和有效的。     

AFL加固受损RC柱拟静力抗震实验研究

对已受损并引起承载力和抗震性能不足的在役桥梁墩柱,急需进行加固补强。为此,本文探讨采用新型纤维增强复合材料(FRP)片材——芳纶纤维薄板(AFL)加固受损钢筋混凝土(RC)桥梁墩柱及其拟静力抗震实验方法,并对AFL加固受损RC柱实施了拟静力抗震实验。研究结果表明,采用本文所示AFL加固方法可有效提高RC柱的抗剪承载力、极限位移,改善其延性变形能力和滞回耗能能力。     

PROPERTY DEGRADATION OF ANISOTROPIC COMPOSITE LAMINATES WITH MATRIX CRACKING (I)-CONSTITUTIVE RELATION DEVELOPING FOR (θ_m/90_n)_s CRACKED LAMINATES BY STIFFNESS PARTITION

The study on property degradation of damaged composite laminates is extendedto anisotropic laminates with matrix cracking. In (I) of the paper, an idea of "stiffnesspatition" is proposed to deal with the puzzle that the in-plane normal response iscoupled with the shear response of the laminates. For (θ_m/90_n.), laminates containingtransversely cracked layers under general in-plane loading, the constitutive relationsare derived and the effective stiffnesses are expressed as the function of crack density.     

A homogenization theory for elastic-viscoplastic materials with misaligned internal structures

In this study, a homogenization theory for non-linear time-dependent materials is rebuilt for periodic elastic-viscoplastic materials with misaligned internal structures, by employing a unit cell defined for the aligned structure as an analysis domain. For this, it is shown that the perturbed velocity fields in such materials possess periodicity in the directions of misaligned unit cell arrangement. This periodicity is used as a novel boundary condition for unit cell analysis to rebuild the homogenization theory. The resulting theory is able to deal with arbitrary misalignment using the same unit cell, avoiding not only geometry and mesh generation of a unit cell for every misalignment, but also the influence of mesh dependence. To verify the theory, an elastic-viscoplastic analysis of plain-woven glass fiber/epoxy laminates with misaligned internal structures is performed. It is shown that the misalignment of internal structures affects viscoplastic properties of the plain-woven laminates both macroscopically and microscopically.     

基于深度学习和近场动力学的层合板冲击工况识别

在冲击荷载作用下复合材料会产生断裂和分层等损伤。基于损伤数据对冲击工况进行识别，对改善复合材料的设计和确保其安全使用具有重要意义。基于此，本文提出一种基于深度学习和近场动力学（PD）理论的层合板冲击工况识别方法。首先使用改进的表面修正系数PD理论建立复合材料层合板刚体冲击损伤演化分析PD模型，PD模型数值模拟结果结合噪声数据增强技术构建层合板的冲击工况数据库；基于深度学习-卷积神经网络（CNN），对不同工况下的冲击损伤演化数据进行训练，实现对未知冲击工况的识别。结果显示，对于钢球冲击速度和角度的识别准确率均高于90%。