Global solution curves for a class of elliptic systems

We study curves of positive solutions for a system of elliptic equations of Hamiltonian type on a unit ball. We give conditions for all positive solutions to lie on global solution curves, allowing us to use the analysis similar to the case of one equation, as developed in P. Korman, Y. Li and T. Ouyang [An exact multiplicity result for a class of semilinear equations, Commun. PDE 22 (1997), pp. 661–684.] (see also T. Ouyang and J. Shi [Exact multiplicity of positive solutions for a class of semilinear problems, II, J. Diff. Eqns. 158(1) (1999), pp. 94–151].). As an application, we obtain some non-degeneracy and uniqueness results. For the one-dimensional case we also prove the positivity for the linearized problem, resulting in more detailed results.     

大口径离轴凸非球面的加工和检测

将光学系统波像差检验技术与子孔径拼接测试技术相融合提出了凸非球面系统拼接检测方法,对该方法的原理和实现步骤进行了分析和研究,并建立了合理的子孔径拼接数学模型.依次利用计算机控制光学表面成形技术和磁流变抛光技术对一包含大口径凸非球面的离轴三反光学系统的各反射镜进行加工,并对整个系统进行装调和测试.测定光学系统各视场的波像差分布,通过综合优化子孔径拼接算法和全口径面形数据插值求解得到大口径凸非球面全口径的面形信息.结合工程实例,对一口径为292mm×183 mm的离轴非球面次镜进行了系统拼接测试和加工,其最终面形分布的均方根值为0.017λ(λ=632.8 nm).     

The H2+ molecular ion: Low-lying states

Matching for a wavefunction the WKB expansion at large distances and Taylor expansion at small distances leads to a compact, few-parametric uniform approximation found in Turbiner and Olivares-Pilon (2011). The ten low-lying eigenstates of H₂⁺ of the quantum numbers (n,m,Λ,±)$(n,m,\Lambda ,\pm )$  with n=m=0$n=m=0$ at Λ=0,1,2$\Lambda =0,1,2$, with n=1$n=1$, m=0$m=0$ and n=0$n=0$, m=1$m=1$ at Λ=0$\Lambda =0$ of both parities are explored for all interproton distances R$R$. For all these states this approximation provides the relative accuracy ?10⁻⁵$?10^{-5}$ (not less than 5 s.d.) locally, for any real coordinate x$x$ in eigenfunctions, when for total energy E(R)$E\left(R\right)$ it gives 10-11 s.d. for R∈[0,50]$R\in [0,50]$  a.u. Corrections to the approximation are evaluated in the specially-designed, convergent perturbation theory. Separation constants are found with not less than 8 s.d. The oscillator strength for the electric dipole transitions E1$E1$ is calculated with not less than 6 s.d. A dramatic dip in the E1$E1$ oscillator strength f_{1sσg−3pσu}$f_{1s{\sigma }_g-3p{\sigma }_u}$ at R∼R_eq$R\sim R_{eq}$ is observed. The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole transitions are calculated for the first time with not less than 6 s.d. in oscillator strength. For two lowest states (0,0,0,±)$(0,0,0,\pm )$ (or, equivalently, 1sσ_g$1s{\sigma }_g$ and 2pσ_u$2p{\sigma }_u$ states) the potential curves are checked and confirmed in the Lagrange mesh method within 12 s.d. Based on them the Energy Gap between 1sσ_g$1s{\sigma }_g$ and 2pσ_u$2p{\sigma }_u$ potential curves is approximated with modified Pade Re^−R[Pade(8/7)](R)$R{e}^{-R}\left[Pade(8/7)\right]\left(R\right)$ with not less than 4-5 figures at R∈[0,40]$R\in [0,40]$ a.u. Sum of potential curves E_1sσg+E_2pσu$E_{1s{\sigma }_g}+E_{2p{\sigma }_u}$ is approximated by Pade 1/R[Pade(5/8)](R)$1/R\left[Pade(5/8)\right]\left(R\right)$ in R∈[0,40]$R\in [0,40]$ a.u. with not less than 3-4 figures.     

Generalized Isotonic Regression

We present a new computational and statistical approach for fitting isotonic models under convex differentiable loss functions through recursive partitioning. Models along the partitioning path are also isotonic and can be viewed as regularized solutions to the problem. Our approach generalizes and subsumes the well-known work of Barlow and Brunk on fitting isotonic regressions subject to specially structured loss functions, and expands the range of loss functions that can be used (e.g., adding Huber loss for robust regression). This is accomplished through an algorithmic adjustment to a recursive partitioning approach recently developed for solving large-scale ?₂-loss isotonic regression problems. We prove that the new algorithm solves the generalized problem while maintaining the favorable computational and statistical properties of the l₂ algorithm. The results are demonstrated on both real and synthetic data in two settings: fitting count data using negative Poisson log-likelihood loss, and fitting robust isotonic regressions using Huber loss. Proofs of theorems and a MATLAB-based software package implementing our algorithm are available in the online supplementary materials.     

Tensor Decomposition With Generalized Lasso Penalties

We present an approach for penalized tensor decomposition (PTD) that estimates smoothly varying latent factors in multiway data. This generalizes existing work on sparse tensor decomposition and penalized matrix decompositions, in a manner parallel to the generalized lasso for regression and smoothing problems. Our approach presents many nontrivial challenges at the intersection of modeling and computation, which are studied in detail. An efficient coordinate-wise optimization algorithm for PTD is presented, and its convergence properties are characterized. The method is applied both to simulated data and real data on flu hospitalizations in Texas and motion-capture data from video cameras. These results show that our penalized tensor decomposition can offer major improvements on existing methods for analyzing multiway data that exhibit smooth spatial or temporal features.     

保参数方向的形状可调过渡曲线与曲面

针对保参数方向构造过渡曲线曲面方法的不足, 构造了任意参数曲线曲面间既保持参数方向又具有形状可调性的C¹与C²连续过渡曲线曲面。首先,基于2类带1个自由参数的调配函数,分别构造满足C¹与C²连续的过渡曲线,并讨论基于能量优化模型的最佳过渡曲线构造问题;然后,将所提出的方法推广到过渡曲面的构造。 实例结果表明,2被过渡曲线曲面为任意参数曲线曲面时,利用该方法构造的过渡曲线曲面不仅与2被过渡曲线曲面的参数方向保持一致,而且可利用所带的自由参数对其形状进行调整。通过能量优化模型确定自由参数的取值,可获得尽可能光顺的过渡曲线曲面。 所提方法弥补了保参数方向构造过渡曲线曲面方法的不足,是一种实用的过渡曲线曲面构造方法。     

Hypercrosslinked polystyrene: A polymer in a non‐classical physical state

Deformation and relaxation properties of hypercrosslinked polystyrene networks have been studied by thermomechanical method at a uniaxial compression using individual spherical beads of the polymer. The networks examined were prepared by postcrosslinking of highly swollen beads of a styrene‐0.3% DVB copolymer with 0.3–0.75 mole of monochlorodimethyl ether, which results in the introduction of 0.6–1.5 methylene bridges between each two polystyrene phenyl rings. The polymers obtained are shown to belong neither to typical glassy materials, nor to typical elastomers. Though no characteristic plateau of rubberlike elasticity was observed on the deformation curves of the beads, the polymers exhibit two fundamentally important features of the rubberlike state: The deformations are large (up to 30–40% of the initial diameter) and reversible. Relaxation of residual deformations, however, requires prolonged heating of the sample, or a cycle of swelling and drying. The deformation can start in the temperature range from −70 to +150°C depending on pressure applied. The crosslinking degree in the range from 40–100% and higher does not affect noticeably the behavior of the hypercrosslinked polystyrene. Nature of the high mobility of the hypercrosslinked network is discussed. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 2324–2333, 1999     

Potential energy curves for the X~1Σ_g~ , B~1△_g and B′~1Σ_g~ states of C_2 using MRCI and approximate CI methods

The potential energy curves for the X1Σ g , B1△g and B′1Σ g states of C2 have been studied by using MRC and approximate CI methods, and are benchmarked against the calculations of full configuration in teraction (FCI). The results obtained by MRCI method agree with the FCI very well, and even are accu rate enough to compare other approximate methods as benchmark, when the calculations of FCI ar not feasible. The approximate CI methods mentioned in this paper are reliable for treating chemica problems.     

霍尔元件线度对磁场测量影响的研究

在原有霍尔效应原理的基础上,利用微积分的基本方法和相关的物理知识推导非均匀磁场中利用霍尔效应测量磁场的理论公式,并结合该公式理论解释实验中对于霍尔元件线度的要求,以及说明非均匀磁场的测量对霍尔元件线度的要求,从而说明实验中经常遇到的一类问题——平均值问题。