Size dependence of the thermo-electrodynamics states of composite high-Tc superconductors and its effect on the current instability conditions

The effect of transverse geometries of the slab of composite high-T_c superconductors on their stable and unstable thermal and electrodynamics transient states in the incomplete and complete penetration modes during the current charging are discussed. The transient period when the electric field that is induced by the charged current becomes more homogeneous during the initial stage of the complete penetration mode in the sub-critical voltage range is studied. In the over-critical voltage range, the cross-section shape of the slab affects its stable and unstable temperature variation. As a result, the current instability condition is not identical for high-T_c superconducting composite tapes that have the same cross-sectional area with various shapes of the cross-section. The condition depends on their thickness: the less thickness, the more stable the current distribution in the composite superconductors with the same cross-sectional area. This feature is a result of the unavoidable reduction of the current-carrying capacity of a high-T_c superconducting composite by the temperature increase. This reduction is caused by the relevant temperature dependence of electrodynamics states of the composite. This temperature dependence happens even during a stable stage of the current charging. These mechanisms must be considered during experiments at which the critical or quenching currents are defined.     

具有磁场效应的非线性Schrdinger方程组的拟谱方法

考察一类具有磁场效应的非线性Ｓｃｈｒｏｄｉｎｇｅｒ方程组的周期初值问题，构造了全离散的Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ拟谱格式，利用有界延拓法，证明了其格式的收敛性与稳定性，并给出了误差估计及其算法分析，为对此模型的数值分析提供了理论基础和一个有效的算法．最后，通过数值例子，检验了理论结果的可信性．     

Effects of low-LET radiations on CR-39 track detector

The effects of Co-60 gamma-rays and about 25-MeV pulsed electrons have been investigated on CR-39 plastic nuclear track detector. The bulk etch rate was measured as a function of the absorbed dose under three different irradiation conditions; gamma-ray exposure in air at the dose rate of 6 kGy/h, that in vacuum and electron shower in air at 126 kGy/h on average. It was found that the bulk etch rate (V) increased nearly exponentially with the dose (D); V=V₀exp(kD), and the characteristic parameter (k) was 35, 9 and 12 MGy⁻¹, respectively. It is considered that a lack of oxygen in damage formation processes could occur momentarily during a short electron pulse, just similarly to the vacuum effect of reduction in track etch rates in outgassed CR-39 plastic.     

非光滑多目标规划的不动点算法(英)

本文讨论不动点算法在非光滑多目标规划中的应用，得到了一些新的最优性条件以及不动点与非光滑多目标的解之间的关系，并且给出了解非光滑多目标规划的不动点算法的收敛性．     

LP-MOCVD生长(ZnCdTe,ZnSeTe)/ZnTe复合量子阱的激子发光研究

用低压金属有机化学气相沉积(LP-MOCVD)的方法在GaAs(100)衬底上生长了(ZnCdTe，ZnSeTe)／ZnTe复合量子阱结构。测量了生长样品的光致发光(PL)谱，得到两个发光峰(记为Il，I2)，分析认为高能侧的峰为Zn0．9Cd0．1Te浅阱峰，而低能侧的峰为ZnSe0．2Te0.8深阱层的发射。对样品进行了变激发强度的PL谱测量，当激发强度增加时，PL谱中两个发光峰的比值(I2／I1)开始时迅速增加，然后缓慢减小。这是由于浅阱中的电子和空穴隧穿入深阱中导致空间电荷的分离，从而在复合量子阱结构中产生了一个内建电场所引起的。     

Cavitation,Invertibility, and Convergence of Regularized Minimizers in Nonlinear Elasticity

We prove that energy minimizers for nonlinear elasticity in which cavitation is allowed only at a finite number of prescribed flaw points can be obtained, in the limit as ε→0, by introducing micro-voids of radius ε in the domain at the prescribed locations and minimizing the energy without allowing for cavitation. This extends the result by Sivaloganathan, Spector, and Tilakraj (SIAM J. Appl. Math. 66:736–757, 2006) to the case of multiple cavities, and constitutes a first step towards the numerical simulation of cavitation (in the nonradially-symmetric case).      

Shibor作为基准利率的实证研究

运用我国金融市场的实际数据,从金融市场基准利率的基本属性的角度出发对Shibor和银行间债券回购利率进行了系统地比较分析,认为Shibor虽然运行时间不长,但却具备了基准利率的主要特征.Shibor作为基准利率更具有科学性.     

Newton's method for sections on Riemannian manifolds: Generalized covariant -theory

One kind of the L-average Lipschitz condition is introduced to covariant derivatives of sections on Riemannian manifolds. A convergence criterion of Newton's method and the radii of the uniqueness balls of the singular points for sections on Riemannian manifolds, which is independent of the curvatures, are established under the assumption that the covariant derivatives of the sections satisfy this kind of the L-average Lipschitz condition. Some applications to special cases including Kantorovich's condition and the γ-condition as well as Smale's α-theory are provided. In particular, the result due to Ferreira and Svaiter [Kantorovich's Theorem on Newton's method in Riemannian manifolds, J. Complexity 18 (2002) 304–329] is extended while the results due to Dedieu Priouret, Malajovich [Newton's method on Riemannian manifolds: covariant alpha theory, IMA J. Numer. Anal. 23 (2003) 395–419] are improved significantly. Moreover, the corresponding results due to Alvarez, Bolter, Munier [A unifying local convergence result for Newton's method in Riemannian manifolds, Found. Comput. Math. to appear] for vector fields and mappings on Riemannian manifolds are also extended.     

The form of the rate constant for elementary reactions at equilibrium from MD: framework and proposals for thermokinetics

The rates of formation and concentration distributions of a dimer reaction showing hysteresis behavior are examined in an ab initio chemical reaction designed as elementary and where the hysteresis structure precludes the formation of transition states (TS) with pre-equilibrium and internal sub-reactions. It was discovered that the the reactivity coefficients, defined as a measure of departure from the zero density rate constant for the forward and backward steps had a ratio that was equal to the activity coefficient ratio for the product and reactant species. This surprising result, never formally incorporated in elementary rate expressions over approximately one and a half centuries of quantitative chemical kinetics measurement and calculation is accepted axiomatically and leads to an outline of a theory for the form of the rate constant, in any one given substrate—here the vacuum state. A major deduction is that the long-standing definition of the rate constant for elementary reactions is not complete and is nonlinear, where previous works almost always implicitly refer to the zero density limit for strictly irreducible elementary reactions without any attending concatenation of side-reactions. This is shown directly from MD simulation, where for specially designed elementary reactions without any transition states, density dependence of reactants and products always feature, in contrast to current practice of writing rate equations. It is argued that the rate constant expression without reactant and product dependence is due to historical conventions used for strictly elementary reactions. From the above observations, a theory is developed with the aid of some proven elementary theorems in thermodynamics, and expressions under different state conditions are derived whereby a feasible experimental and computational method for determining the activity coefficients from the rate constants may be obtained under various approximations and conditions. Elementary relations for subspecies equilibria and its relation to the bulk activity coefficient are discussed. From one choice of reaction conditions, estimates of activity coefficients are given which are in at least semi-quantitative agreement with the data for non-reacting Lennard-Jones (LJ) particles for the atomic component. The theory developed is applied to ionic reactions where the standard Brönsted-Bjerrum rate equation and exceptions to this are rationalized.     

The convergence analysis of inexact Gauss–Newton methods for nonlinear problems

In this paper, inexact Gauss–Newton methods for nonlinear least squares problems are studied. Under the hypothesis that derivative satisfies some kinds of weak Lipschitz conditions, the local convergence properties of inexact Gauss–Newton and inexact Gauss–Newton like methods for nonlinear problems are established with the modified relative residual control. The obtained results can provide an estimate of convergence ball for inexact Gauss–Newton methods.